Explicit construction of conserved currents for massless fields of arbitrary spin

We give an explicit construction of conserved currents for massless fields of arbitrary spin. These currents are gauge invariant and conserved on shell. Also they allow for the construction of a large class of trilinear interaction terms for the interaction between a massless spin-s₁ field and two spin-s₂ fields. The class is restricted only to 2s₂⩽s₁. In case s₁ = 4 and s₂ = 2, the current is the linearized Bel-Robinson tensor. To these conserved currents corresponds an infinite dimensional Lie algebra of global infinitesimal invariances of the action of a free massless field of arbitrary spin.     

On Lagrangian formulations for arbitrary bosonic HS fields on Minkowski backgrounds

We review the details of unconstrained Lagrangian formulations for Bose particles propagated on an arbitrary dimensional flat space-time and described by the unitary irreducible integer higher-spin representations of the Poincare group subject to Young tableaux Y(s ₁, ..., s _k ) with k rows. The procedure is based on the construction of scalar auxiliary oscillator realizations for the symplectic sp(2k) algebra which encodes the second-class operator constraints subsystem in the HS symmetry algebra. Application of an universal BRST approach reproduces gauge-invariant Lagrangians with reducible gauge symmetries describing the free dynamics of both massless and massive bosonic fields of any spin with appropriate number of auxiliary fields.     

Solutions of free higher spins in AdS

We consider free massive and massless higher integer spins in AdS backgrounds in general D dimensions. We obtain the solutions corresponding to the highest-weight state of the spin-? representations of the SO(2,D−1) isometry groups. The solution for the spin-? field is expressed recursively in terms of that for the spin-(?−1). Thus starting from the explicit spin-0, all the higher-spin solutions can be obtained. These solutions allow us to derive the generalized Breitenlohner-Freedman bound, and analyze the asymptotic falloffs. In particular, solutions with negative mass square in general have falloffs slower than those of the Schwarzschild AdS black holes in the AdS boundaries.     

Decomposition of the space of covariant two-tensors on R3

We show that the decomposition of the space of covariant two-tensors onR ³ is true in weighted Hölderian spaces, as in weighted Sobolev spaces, in the general case, that is without supposing the metric near the flat metric. M. Cantor proved, first, that a splitting of two-covariant tensor fields onR ⁿ in weighted Sobolev spaces was true. We apply this result to solve the problem of constraints, in general relativity; we show that this problem admits a solution in the most general case.     

Quantum Ising-like spin-j model with multipole-multipole interactions: Second order mean-field approach

A quantum Ising-like spin-j model, characterized by arbitrary multipole-multipole interactions as well as external fields, is proposed and analyzed. A thorough discussion of the algebraic properties of the dynamical variables (which belong to SU(2j+1)) is performed, whereby by the application of an improved version of the mean-field theory (which has the usual mean-field theory as its zeroeth order approximation) an explicit expression for the free energy is derived.     

Real-time correlation functions in the O(N) model from the functional renormalization group

In this paper, ‘massless’ spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ fields in the de Sitter space are considered. This work is a continuation of a previous paper devoted to the quantization of the de Sitter ‘massive’ spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ fields. Due to the appearance of gauge invariance and an indefinite metric, the covariant quantization of the ‘massless’ spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ fields requires an indecomposable representation of the de Sitter group. The gauge fixing corresponding to the simplest Gupta–Bleuler structure is used, and a gauge invariant field is discussed. The field equation is obtained by using the Casimir operator of the de Sitter group. The solutions are written in terms of the coordinate-independent de Sitter plane waves. Finally, the generalized two-point function is calculated.     

Generalized Darboux maps and massless spin-s fields

We consider conformally invariant massless spin-s field equations on a spherically symmetrical space-time. Precisely when these equations are consistent appropriately defined field components are shown to satisfy wave equations related by a generalization of the classical Darboux map.     

Hamiltonian models of interacting fermion fields in quantum field theory

We consider Hamiltonian models representing an arbitrary number of spin 1 / 2 fermion quantum fields interacting through arbitrary processes of creation or annihilation of particles. The fields may be massive or massless. The interaction form factors are supposed to satisfy some regularity conditions in both position and momentum space. Without any restriction on the strength of the interaction, we prove that the Hamiltonian identifies to a self-adjoint operator on a tensor product of antisymmetric Fock spaces and we establish the existence of a ground state. Our results rely on new interpolated \(N_\tau \) estimates. They apply to models arising from the Fermi theory of weak interactions, with ultraviolet and spatial cutoffs.

     

Partial masslessness of higher spins in (A)dS

Massive spin s⩾3/2 fields can become partially massless in cosmological backgrounds. In the plane spanned by m² and Λ, there are lines where new gauge invariances permit intermediate sets of higher helicities, rather than the usual flat space extremes of all 2s+1 massive or just 2 massless helicities. These gauge lines divide the (m²,Λ) plane into unitarily allowed or forbidden intermediate regions where all 2s+1 massive helicities propagate but lower helicity states can have negative norms. We derive these consequences for s=3/2,2 by studying both their canonical (anti)commutators and the transmutation of massive constraints to partially massless Bianchi identities. For s=2, a Hamiltonian analysis exhibits the absence of zero helicity modes in the partially massless sector. For s=5/2,3 we derive Bianchi identities and their accompanying gauge invariances for the various partially massless theories with propagating helicities (±5/2,±3/2) and (±3,±2), (±3,±2,±1), respectively. Of these, only the s=3 models are unitary. To these ends, we also provide the half integer generalization of the integer spin wave operators of Lichnerowicz. Partial masslessness applies to all higher spins in (A)dS as seen by their degree of freedom counts. Finally a derivation of massive d=4 constraints by dimensional reduction from their d=5 massless Bianchi identity ancestors is given.     

Residual entropy of spin-s triangular Ising antiferromagnet

We employ a thermodynamic integration method (TIM) to establish the values of the residual entropy for the geometrically frustrated spin-s triangular Ising antiferromagnet, with the spin values s = 1/2, 1, 3/2, 2 and 5/2. The case of s = 1/2, for which the exact value is known, is used to assess the TIM performance. We also obtain an analytical formula for the lower bound in a general spin-s model and conjecture that it should reasonably approximate the true residual entropy for sufficiently large s. Implications of the present results in relation to reliability of the TIM as an indirect method for calculating global thermodynamic quantities, such as the free energy and the entropy, in similar systems involving frustration and/or higher spin values by standard Monte Carlo sampling are briefly discussed.     

Nonperturbative effect in the β functions and the equations of motion for the string

We study systematically how to calculate the β functions nonperturbatively in the sigma model which describes the string propagation in arbitrary background fields. In particular, we calculate explicity the β functions for a tachyon and massless background fields up to the three-string tree interactions and also the four-tachyon tree interactions.     

Local Existence of Solutions of Self Gravitating Relativistic Perfect Fluids

This paper deals with the evolution of the Einstein gravitational fields which are coupled to a perfect fluid. We consider the Einstein–Euler system in asymptotically flat spacestimes and therefore use the condition that the energy density might vanish or tend to zero at infinity, and that the pressure is a fractional power of the energy density. In this setting we prove local in time existence, uniqueness and well-posedness of classical solutions. The zero order term of our system contains an expression which might not be a C ^∞ function and therefore causes an additional technical difficulty. In order to achieve our goals we use a certain type of weighted Sobolev space of fractional order. In Brauer and Karp (J Diff Eqs 251:1428–1446, 2011) we constructed an initial data set for these of systems in the same type of weighted Sobolev spaces. We obtain the same lower bound for the regularity as Hughes et al. (Arch Ratl Mech Anal 63(3):273–294, 1977) got for the vacuum Einstein equations. However, due to the presence of an equation of state with fractional power, the regularity is bounded from above.     

Casimir Effect for a Perfectly Conducting Wedge in Terms of Local Zeta Function

The vacuum energy density of electromagnetic field inside a perfectly conducting wedge is calculated by making use of the local zeta function technique. This regularization completely eliminates divergent expressions in the course of calculations and gives rise to a finite expression for the energy density in question without any subtractions. Employment of the Hertz potentials for constructing the general solution to the Maxwell equations results in a considerable simplification of the calculations. Transition to the global zeta function is carried out by introducing a cutoff nearby the cusp at the origin. Proceeding from this the heat kernel coefficients are calculated and the high temperature asymptotics of the Helmholtz free energy and of the torque of the Casimir forces are found. The wedge singularity gives rise to a specific high temperature behavior ∼T2 of the quantities under consideration. The obtained results are directly applicable to the free energy of a scalar massless field and electromagnetic field on the background of a cosmic string.     

Equations of motion of interacting massless fields of all spins as a free differential algebra

It is argued that the equations of motion of interacting massless fields of all spins s=0,1,…,∞ can naturally be formulated in terms of a free differential algebra (FDA) constructed from one-forms and zero-forms that belong both to the adjoint representation of the infinite-dimensional superalgebra of higher spins and auxiliary fields proposed previously. This FDA is found explicitly in the first non-trivial order in the zero-forms. Various properties of the proposed FDA are discussed including the ways for incorporating internal (Yang-Mills) gauge symmetries via associative algebras.     

Zilch currents,supersymmetry and Kaluza-Klein consistency

We give a simple explanation for the fact that one can always perform a consistent truncation of a normal second-order Kaluza-Klein supergravity theory to the irreducible massless graviton supermulitplet. The basic reason for consistency is the highly restrictive requirement that massive fields of spins s⩾1 couple at lowest order to conserved currents constructed from field strengths of the massless fields. Inparticular, one understands in this way the consistency of the truncation of D=11 supergravity compactified on the seven-sphere to d=4, N=8 gauged supergravity.     

Bloch principle for elliptic differential operators with periodic coefficients

Differential operators corresponding to elliptic equations of divergent type with 1-periodic coefficients are considered. The equations are put in Sobolev spaces with an arbitrary 1-periodic Borel measure on the entire space R ^d . In the study of the spectrum of operators of this kind, the Bloch principle is of fundamental importance. According to this principle, all points of the desired spectrum are obtained when studying the equation on the unit cube with quasiperiodic boundary conditions. The proof of the Bloch principle for problems in the above formulation is proved, in several versions of the principle. Examples of the application of the principle to finding the spectrum of specific operators, for example, for the Laplacian in a weighted space or on a singular structure of lattice type.