蜂蜜中14种喹诺酮类药物残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定

建立了同时测定蜂蜜中14种喹诺酮类药物残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.蜂蜜中喹诺酮类药物残留用0.05 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH＝3.0)提取,样液过滤后,经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,氢氧化铵-甲醇溶液(体积比1:19)洗脱,蒸干定容后,用反相液相色谱分离,电喷雾正离子模式离子化,用多反应监测方式(MRM)监测,三重四极杆质谱测定.环丙沙星在0.4～100.0μg/kg,噁喹酸在0.4 ～50.0μg/kg,恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星、双氟沙星、依诺沙星、诺氟沙星在1.0～100.0μg/kg,氧氟沙星、单诺沙星、氟罗沙星、奥比沙星、麻保沙星在1.0～50.0μg/kg,司帕沙星、氟甲喹在2.0 ～100.0μg/kg范围内呈线性关系,相关系数r>0.997,在2.0、5.0、10.0、50.0 μg/kg 4个添加水平,回收率为66% ～111%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3% ～13.6%.该方法操作简便,稳定性好,选择性好,灵敏度高,其检出限达1.0μg/kg.     

悬浮固化-分散液液微萃取-气相色谱法测定野木瓜中9种有机氯农药残留量

建立了悬浮固化-分散液液微萃取-气相色谱法测定野木瓜中9种有机氯农药残留量的方法。样品经石油醚提取、浓硫酸净化、悬浮固化-分散液液微萃取法浓缩后,用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)检测,外标法定量。结果表明,9种农药含量在1~100μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2在0.99以上,方法检出限(S/N=3)为0.01~0.07μg/kg。9种有机氯农药在1.75,7.00,28.0μg/kg 3个水平添加下,平均回收率范围为83.3%~116.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)范围为1.5%~14%,方法已用于野木瓜中9种有机氯农药残留的测定。     

凝胶色谱-高效液相色谱法测定茶叶中蒽醌

建立了用凝胶渗透色谱-高效液相色谱测定茶叶中蒽醌的方法。以乙酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯-正己烷(1∶1,V/V)液液萃取,凝胶渗透色谱净化,收集时间为11~17 min,以甲醇+0.5%H3PO4溶液(65+35,V/V)为流动相,ZORBAX SB-C18分离,外标法定量。蒽醌质量浓度在10~200μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r为0.9993,检出限为6μg/kg,定量限为10μg/kg。茶叶样品在10,50,180μg/kg 3个加标浓度下,蒽醌的回收率为73.2%~97.5%,相对标准偏差为4.0~7.9%。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中亮绿、亚甲基蓝及其代谢物残留量

建立了水产品中亮绿、亚甲基蓝及其代谢物残留量同时测定的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)方法。样品经乙酸铵缓冲溶液和乙腈提取,二氯甲烷液液萃取,PRS固相萃取柱净化,氮吹浓缩,定容后测定。以2 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0. 1%甲酸)、乙腈和甲醇为流动相,CAPCELL PAK C_(18)色谱柱进行分离,在选择反应监测(SRM)模式下测定,外标法定量。在最佳实验条件下,5种化合物在1. 0～100. 0μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r~2 0. 999),检出限(LOD,S/N≥3)均为1. 0μg/kg,定量下限(LOQ,S/N≥10)均为2. 0μg/kg;在水产品中加标水平为1. 0、5. 0、10. 0μg/kg时,回收率为70. 3%～92. 1%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为2. 3%～13%。该方法灵敏度高,能有效检测水产品中亮绿、亚甲基蓝及其代谢物的残留量。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定水产品中19种氯代酚及其钠盐

建立了用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法测定水产品中19种氯代酚及其钠盐的分析方法。试样用H_2SO_4消解后,用环己烷-乙酸乙酯提取酸解液中的氯代酚,利用酚类易溶于稀碱溶液的性质,将氯代酚提取到稀碱液中,调稀碱液pH至微酸性,用二氯甲烷-正己烷溶液萃取,无水Na_2SO_4脱水,浓缩定容并硅烷化衍生后,用GC-MS仪EI源选择离子模式检测,氘代4-氯-3-甲基酚(PCMC-d_2)和氘代2,4,6-三溴苯酚(2,4,6-TBP-d_2)为内标,内标法定量。氯代酚在2.0~70.0μg/L范围内,其浓度和峰面积呈良好的线性相关(r≥0.999);水产品中添加量为1.00μg/kg、2.00μg/kg、3.00μg/kg和7.00μg/kg时,回收率一氯酚(MCP)为55.2%~88.8%,二氯酚(DCP)为63.0%~114%,三氯酚(TCP)为76.0%~116%、四氯酚(TeCP)为78%~125%,五氯酚(PCP)为83.2%~104%;方法检出限在0.2~0.4μg/kg之间。     

池塘底泥中合成激素的气相色谱-质谱测定

应用气相色谱-质谱联用技术,建立了底泥中合成激素炔雌醇、左炔诺孕酮和炔诺酮的分析方法,优化了前处理条件.样品经超声提取、层析净化、衍生化后,用气相色谱-质潜进行定性和定量分析.3种合成激素在0.5～40 mg/L的质量浓度范围内具有良好的线性,检出限分别为炔雌醇0.8μg/kg、左炔诺孕酮0.6μg/kg和炔诺酮0.9μg/kg,加标回收率在68%～99%之间,丰目对标准偏差在1.7%～5.4%之间.     

通过式固相萃取净化-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豆芽中10种喹诺酮类抗生素

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-Ms/Ms)快速检测豆芽中10种喹诺酮类抗生素(QNs)的方法。样品用乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液提取后,经PRiME HLB快速净化,氮吹浓缩后,用电喷雾离子源正离子-多反应监测(MRM)模式串联质谱进行检测。在0.25~100μg/L范围内,10种目标物的线性关系良好,其相关系数均大于0.997。方法对两种豆芽基质进行前处理并测定,检出限为1.0μg/kg和2.0μg/kg,定量限为3.0μg/kg和6.0μg/kg。回收率实验结果表明:10种目标物回收率范围为78.1%~106.4%,RSD<8.1%。方法能有效地避免杂质的干扰。     

冷冻去脂-液液分配净化/气相色谱-质谱法测定化妆品中16种多环芳烃

建立了保湿护肤系列化妆品中16种多环芳烃的气相色谱-质谱测定法。对于水剂样品,采用环己烷提取、浓缩等简单前处理;对于膏霜剂样品,采用乙腈+丙酮(8+2,V/V)涡旋提取样品中的待测物,提取液经冷冻去脂、液液萃取净化(氨水-环己烷、水-环己烷),气相色谱-质谱法测定。16种多环芳烃在1～50μg/L均与对应峰面积呈良好线性关系。添加量在1～50μg/kg时,平均回收率(n=6)为78.1%～103.7%,相对标准偏差为2.4%～7.1%,方法检测限为1～10μg/kg。该法可用于化妆品中16种多环芳烃的测定。     

气相色谱-质谱法分析蜂蜜中多种有机氯农药残留

建立了气相色谱-电子轰击离子化-质谱法（GC-EI-MS）同时分析蜂蜜试样中12种有机氯农药残留的分析方法.蜂蜜试样用V（正己烷）：V（乙酸乙酯）=5：1混合提取剂超声提取和Florisil硅藻土层析柱净化后,以PCB 103为内标物,采用GC-EI-MS的选择离子监测方式（SIM）分析,同时探讨了一些有机氯农药EI-MS特征离子的结构与断裂机理.当空白试样的加标浓度为10、50、200μg/kg时,加标回收率为80%～112%,相对标准偏差为0.4%～9.8%,方法检出限为0.2～4.0μg/kg,其中8种农药的MDL＜1.0μg/kg,线性范围为10～500μg/kg,相关系数皆大于0.996,此方法已用于蜂蜜试样中多种痕量有机氯农药残留的分析.     

液液萃取柱-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定乳制品中硝基呋喃类代谢物残留

采用液液萃取柱-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术建立了乳制品中硝基呋喃类代谢物的快速测定方法。硝基呋喃类代谢物衍生化反应后,利用EXtrelut NT液液萃取小柱进行净化富集,采用正离子多反应监测模式,内标法定量。硝基呋喃类代谢物在0.10~10.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0.04~0.10μg/kg,回收率范围为71.5%~109.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)范围4.6%~9.8%。方法适用于乳制品中硝基呋喃类代谢物的快速检测。     

GPC-GC-MS测定动物组织中甲羟孕酮和乙酸甲羟孕酮的残留量

样品用乙酸乙酯提取,提取液过凝胶渗透色谱,溶液浓缩后,再用C18小柱净化,洗脱液吹干后,经七氟丁酸酐衍生,气相色谱-质谱选择离子定量,两组分分离良好。在兔肉、猪肾和鱼肉样品中进行添加试验,添加水平为1~5μg/kg时,回收率为72.7%~113.8%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.90%~12.21%(n=10),检测限为1μg/kg。     

Detection of benzimidazole carbamates and amino metabolites in liver by surface plasmon resonance-biosensor

Two surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor screening assays were developed and validated to detect 11 benzimidazole carbamate (BZT) and four amino-benzimidazole veterinary drug residues in liver tissue. The assays used polyclonal antibodies, raised in sheep, to detect BZTs and amino-benzimidazoles. A modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction method was developed to isolate benzimidazole carbamate residues. Liver samples were extracted using an acetonitrile extraction method. BZTs were purified by dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) using C(18) sorbent. Residues of amino-benzimidazoles were effectively cleaned-up using a simple cyclohexane defatting step. The assays were validated in accordance with the performance criteria described in 2002/657/EC. The BZT assay limit of detection was calculated to be 32 μg kg(-1), the detection capability (CCβ) was determined to be 50 μg kg(-1) and the mean recovery of analytes was in the range 77-132%. The amino-benzimidazole assay limit of detection was determined to be 41 μg kg(-1), the CCβ was determined to be 75 μg kg(-1) and analyte recovery was in the range 103-116%. Biosensor assay performance was tested by analysing liver tissue from animals treated with benzimidazole drugs and comparing the results with an ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) confirmatory method. All non-compliant samples were identified using the biosensor assays.     

猪肝中β-受体激动剂多残留的样品前处理方法比较及同时检测

比较了乙酸铵提取法(即农业部1025号公告-18-2008方法)、乙腈直接提取法及10%碳酸钠-乙腈溶液提取法对猪肝脏中9种β-受体激动剂残留的提取效果。结果表明,乙酸铵提取法对非诺特罗和喷布特罗等药物的回收率较低(小于20%);乙腈直接提取法可有效提取出喷布特罗,其回收率达79%,但对非诺特罗的回收率仅为32%;而10%碳酸钠-乙腈溶液提取9种药物的效果明显好于其他两种方法,除了非诺特罗的回收率为72%外,其他8种药物的回收率均在80%以上。基于此,建立了猪肝脏中9种β-受体激动剂残留检测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。在优化条件下,9种药物在0.50～25μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.99;在0.50、2.0、10μg/kg 3个加标水平的回收率为71%～105%,相对标准偏差均小于15%;9种药物的检出限均达0.2μg/kg。方法的准确度和精密度达到残留分析要求。     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定动物源性食品中硝呋烯腙的残留量

利用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-ESI-MS/MS)测定动物源性食品中的硝呋烯腙残留量。通过实验,对样品前处理及仪器检测条件进行了优化。样品经提取和固相萃取净化后,采用HPLC-ESI-MS/MS进行检测,在多反应监测模式(MRM)下,外标法定量。方法的检出限为2.0μg/kg,在1.0～100.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好(相关系数r>0.99),平均添加回收率为66%～82%。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定饲料中喹烯酮含量

建立了液相色谱串联质谱法(HPLC/MS/MS)测定饲料中喹烯酮的含量的方法。饲料样品经匀浆、超声提取后经固相萃取柱[中性氧化铝Alumia N(1 g,3 mL)]净化,采用HPLC/MS/MS电喷雾电离,正离子模式,多反应监测(MRM)。喹烯酮浓度在0.01～0.2μg/g范围内标准曲线的相关系数大于0.998。在不同添加水平下的回收率为81.9%～111.6%,检出限(LOD)为5μg/kg。     

离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物组织中的8类非甾体抗炎药残留

采用离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定了动物组织中的8类14种非甾体抗炎药(Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)残留。动物组织样品经乙腈-乙酸乙酯(1∶1,V/V)提取、乙腈饱和正己烷除脂、Oasis MCX阳离子交换固相萃取柱除杂后,用液相色谱-质谱联用仪电喷雾电离,多反应监测模式检测。本方法的检出限为3.0～10.0μg/kg;定量限为10.0～25.0μg/kg;添加浓度在10.0～1000.0μg/kg范围内,牛肉组织中的回收率为62.9%～108.4%,相对标准偏差小于10%;猪肉组织中的回收率为63.4%～117.0%,相对标准偏差小于9%。     

固相萃取-气相色谱法同时测定花生中18种有机氯农药残留

利用气相色谱(GC)建立了花生中18种有机氯农药同时测定的方法。花生中有机氯农药残留通过乙腈提取,减压浓缩后过弗罗里固相萃取柱净化,采用正己烷-丙酮(体积比为9∶1)溶液淋洗,淋洗液氮吹近干后以正己烷定容,应用微池电子捕获检测器(μECD)检测。氟氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯的检出限分别为50和100g/kg,其余16种有机氯农药检出限均为10μg/kg。在花生样品中添加检测限水平有机氯混标溶液,加标回收率为71.28%～116.58%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.08%～18.16%(n=4或5)。     

Validation of a multi-residue method for the determination of several antibiotic groups in honey by LC-MS/MS

The presented multi-method was developed for the confirmation of 37 antibiotic substances from the six antibiotic groups: macrolides, lincosamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, pleuromutilines and diamino-pyrimidine derivatives. All substances were analysed simultaneously in a single analytical run with the same procedure, including an extraction with buffer, a clean-up by solid-phase extraction, and the measurement by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in ESI+ mode. The method was validated on the basis of an in-house validation concept with factorial design by combination of seven factors to check the robustness in a concentration range of 5-50 μg kg(-1). The honeys used were of different types with regard to colour and origin. The values calculated for the validation parameters-decision limit CCα (range, 7.5-12.9 μg kg(-1)), detection capability CCβ (range, 9.4-19.9 μg kg(-1)), within-laboratory reproducibility RSD(wR) (<20% except for tulathromycin with 23.5% and tylvalosin with 21.4 %), repeatability RSD(r) (<20% except for tylvalosin with 21.1%), and recovery (range, 92-106%)-were acceptable and in agreement with the criteria of Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The validation results showed that the method was applicable for the residue analysis of antibiotics in honey to substances with and without recommended concentrations, although some changes had been tested during validation to determine the robustness of the method.     

固相萃取–高效液相色谱法测定蔬菜中8种磺胺类抗生素

建立固相萃取–高效液相色谱同时测定蔬菜中8种磺胺类抗生素(SAs)的分析方法。蔬菜样品经10 m L乙腈(添加2 g Na_2SO_4+0.1 g CH_3COONa+0.1 g Na_2EDTA)超声提取,提取液用正己烷液–液萃取去脂,经C18–OH固相萃取小柱净化后用高效液相色谱法紫外检测器测定。检测波长为270 nm,柱温为25℃,以乙腈–0.01 mol/L磷酸水溶液为流动相,采用梯度洗脱程序,8种SAs可以较好分离,质量浓度在0.10~100.00 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积均成良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 7~0.999 9,方法检出限为25~75μg/kg,定量限为54~140μg/kg。8种SAs的加标平均回收率为68.70%~122.7%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.8%~4.5%(n=5)。该法具有灵敏度高、样品处理简单等优点,可用于蔬菜中磺胺类抗生素的检测。     

Pesticides in seaweed: optimization of pressurized liquid extraction and in-cell clean-up and analysis by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

Chemical residues, such as insecticides and anthelmintics, are frequently redistributed from the aquatic environment to marine species. This work reports on a fast validated protocol for the analysis of azamethiphos, three avermectins, two carbamates and two benzoylurea pesticides and chemotherapeutic agents in seaweeds based on pressurized liquid extraction and separation of analytes by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The variables affecting the efficiency of pressurized liquid extraction, including temperature, number of extraction cycles, static extraction time and percent acetonitrile flush volume, were studied using a Doehlert design. The optimum parameters were 100 °C and one cycle of 3 min with 70 % acetonitrile. Adequate in-cell clean-up of the seaweeds was achieved using 0.8 g of Florisil over 0.1 g of graphitized carbon black on the bottom of the cell. The optimized method was validated using an analyte-free seaweed sample fortified at different concentrations. The limits of quantification ranged from 3.6 μg kg(-1) (azamethiphos) to 31.5 μg kg(-1) (abamectin). The recovery was from 87 to 120 % in most cases at different spiking levels. Finally, the reproducibility of the method expressed as the relative standard deviation and evaluated at concentrations of 10 and 50 μg kg(-1) was in the range 9-14.3 % and 6.1-12.3 %, respectively. The applicability of the method was evaluated with five commercial and 12 wild edible seaweeds, and four target compounds were detected in two wild seaweeds at a concentration below the quantification limit.