Improved frequency modeling and solution for parallel liquid-filled pipes considering both fluid-structure interaction and structural coupling

The dynamic characteristics of a single liquid-filled pipe have been broadly studied in the previous literature. The parallel liquid-filled pipe (PLFP) system is also widely used in engineering, and its structure is more complex than that of a single pipe. However, there are few reports about the dynamic characteristics of the PLFPs. Therefore, this paper proposes improved frequency modeling and solution for the PLFPs, involving the logical alignment principle and coupled matrix processing. The established model incorporates both the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and the structural coupling of the PLFPs. The validity of the established model is verified by modal experiments. The effects of some unique parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the PLFPs are discussed. This work provides a feasible method for solving the FSI of multiple pipes in parallel and potential theoretical guidance for the dynamic analysis of the PLFPs in engineering.     

Hybrid algorithm for modeling of fluid-structure interaction in incompressible, viscous flows

The objective of this paper is to present and to validate a new hybrid coupling (HC) algorithm for modeling of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) in incompressible, viscous flows. The HC algorithm is able to avoid numerical instability issues associated with artificial added mass effects, which are often encountered by standard loosely coupled (LC) and tightly coupled (TC) algorithms, when modeling the FSI response of flexible structures in incompressible flow. The artificial added mass effect is caused by the lag in exchange of interfacial displacements and forces between the fluid and solid solvers in partitioned algorithms. The artificial added mass effect is much more prominent for light/flexible structures moving in water, because the fluid forces are in the same order of magnitude as the solid forces, and because the speed at which numerical errors propagate in an incompressible fluid. The new HC algorithm avoids numerical instability issues associated with artificial added mass effects by embedding Theodorsen’s analytical approximation of the hydroelastic forces in the solution process to obtain better initial estimates of the displacements. Details of the new HC algorithm are presented. Numerical validation studies are shown for the forced pitching response of a steel and a plastic hydrofoil. The results show that the HC algorithm is able to converge faster, and is able to avoid numerical instability issues, compared to standard LC and TC algorithms, when modeling the transient FSI response of a plastic hydrofoil. Although the HC algorithm is only demonstrated for a NACA0009 hydrofoil subject to pure pitching motion, the method can be easily extended to model general 3-D FSI response and stability of complex, flexible structures in turbulent, incompressible, multiphase flows.     

树木在风中摇曳的流固耦合数值模拟方法探索

树木在风中摇曳是一个流固耦合问题,但树的结构复杂,无法直接用已有的流固耦合数值方法来模拟.本文提出一种基于虚拟耦合面的流固耦合方法,该方法用一个虚拟的连续曲面把树冠包裹起来,在这个曲面上建立流固耦合关系,并将虚拟曲面上计算得到的风荷载作为树木结构的外力进行加载.虚拟耦合面本身不妨碍树木枝条的运动,且能避免在每个枝条、树...     

长单索结构的多参数流固耦合分析

介绍了长索结构在风场中的流固耦合振动,总结已有的流固耦合基本理论,着重介绍弱耦合问题的具体分析过程.以100m长索在不同拉索倾角和风向角的多参数流固耦合风振为例,应用ANSYS-CFX软件分别在层流模型和湍流模型风场中进行数值分析,得出与力学概念分析基本一致的结果.     

航天器与运载火箭耦合分析相关技术研究进展

本文以载荷分析为主要内容, 概述航天飞行器结构动力学研究的一些进展. 首先介绍航箭(航天器/运载火箭简称为航箭) 耦合系统载荷分析基本思想. 然后介绍以下3 个方面的载荷分析方法: (1) 采用基础激励理论初始载荷分析的近似方法; (2) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统分支模态综合法. 导出采用约束模态质量界面加速度的航天器载荷计算方法; 当仅考虑静定约束特殊情况时, 退化的方程与Chen 采用有限元法导出的方程相同. 给出新航天器载荷瞬态分析技术, 即一个以前的航天器/运载耦合系统载荷结果可以用来获得相同运载火箭发射一个新航天器结构的必要的载荷信息. (3) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统模态综合法. 包括: 固定界面模态综合法, 以及航天器/运载耦合的界面综合动态响应计算新方法. 最后, 介绍验证载荷分析技术. 简要讨论验证技术的重要性, 提出了采用试验与理论相结合的结构动态试验仿真技术,该方法包括了一套修正数学模型的新技术, 称之为子结构试验建模综合技术. 该方法已应用于复杂的结构建模. 在进行CZ-2E 运载火箭实尺模态试验之前, 用建议的模态试验仿真技术给出CZ-2E 模态参数的预示结果, 并与随后获得的实际模态试验结果相比, 两个结果彼此之间高度一致. 这个结果证明了模态试验仿真技术已成功地预示了CZ-2E 运载火箭的模态参数, 验证了建议的模态试验仿真技术的可靠性. 讨论了振动台振动试验仿真技术. 介绍了振动台振动试验仿真的几个关键技术. 包括: 有限元模型修正技术, 40 t 振动台系统台面控制仿真方法和D 卫星振动台振动试验仿真.      

线性与非线性流固耦合动力学数值方法的进展及应用

本文综述了线性与非线性流固耦合问题数值方法的进展及工程应用。讨论了四种数值分析方法：(1)混合有限元–子结构–子区域数值模型,以求解有限域线性流固耦合问题,如流体晃动,声腔–结构耦合,流体中的压力波,化工容器的地震响应,坝水耦合等;(2)混合有限元–边界元数值模型,以求解涉及无限域的线性流固耦合问题,如大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击,船舰的炮击回应等;(3)混合有限元–有限差分(体积)数值模型,以求解不涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题;(4)混合有限元–光滑粒子数值模型,以求解涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题。文中推荐分区迭代求解过程,以便应用现有的固体及流体求解器,于毎一时间步长分别求解固体及流体的方程,通过耦合迭代收敛,向前推进以达问题求解。文中选用的工程应用例子包含气–液–壳三相耦合,液化天然气船水晃动,人体步行冲击引起的声腔–建筑结构耦合,大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击的瞬态动力回应,涉及破浪和两相分离的气–翼耦合及结构于水上降落的冲击。数值分析结果与可用的实验或计算结果作了比较,以说明所述方法的精度及工程应用价值。文中列出了基于流固耦合的波能采积装置模型,以应用线性系统的共振及非线性系统的周期解原理,有效地采积波能。本文列出了231篇参考文献,以便读者进一步研讨所感兴趣方法。     

Developments of numerical methods for linear and nonlinear fluid-solid interaction dynamics with applications

本文综述了线性与非线性流固耦合问题数值方法的进展及工程应用. 讨论了四种数值分析方法: (1) 混合有限元-子结构-子区域数值模型, 以求解有限域线性流固耦合问题, 如流体晃动, 声腔-结构耦合, 流体中的压力波, 化工容器的地震响应,坝水耦合等; (2) 混合有限元-边界元数值模型, 以求解涉及无限域的线性流固耦合问题, 如大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击, 船舰的炮击回应等; (3) 混合有限元-有限差分(体积) 数值模型, 以求解不涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题; (4) 混合有限元-光滑粒子数值模型, 以求解涉及破浪和两相分离的非线性流固耦合问题. 文中推荐分区迭代求解过程, 以便应用现有的固体及流体求解器, 于毎一时间步长分别求解固体及流体的方程, 通过耦合迭代收敛, 向前推进以达问题求解. 文中选用的工程应用例子包含气-液-壳三相耦合, 液化天然气船水晃动, 人体步行冲击引起的声腔-建筑结构耦合, 大型浮体承受飞机降落冲击的瞬态动力回应, 涉及破浪和两相分离的气-翼耦合及结构于水上降落的冲击. 数值分析结果与可用的实验或计算结果作了比较, 以说明所述方法的精度及工程应用价值. 文中列出了基于流固耦合的波能采积装置模型, 以应用线性系统的共振及非线性系统的周期解原理, 有效地采积波能. 本文列出了231 篇参考文献, 以便读者进一步研讨所感兴趣方法.     

管道流固耦合振动的行波方法研究

应用波动方法分析载流管道流固耦合振动问题。采用直梁模型，推导了管道流固耦合系统的轴向、横向波导方程及平面管系的坐标转换矩阵，通过节点位移连续和力平衡条件建立了耦合系统的散射模型。最终分析了两种耦合对载流管道振动的影响机理及流速变化对管道振动稳定性的影响。数值算例表明本文方法的正确性及有效性。     

Measurements of junction coupling during water hammer in piping systems

For the analysis of the effects of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) during water hammer in piping systems, a test facility has been designed and constructed. The research objective is to show on the basis of two specific examples that the necessity of considering FSI is strongly dependent on the boundary conditions of the system. Resonance experiments on movable bends in two piping system configurations focused on junction coupling were carried out. These configurations differ in the length of the hydraulic system and in the geometry of the oscillating bend. The displacement of the bend and the pressure inside the pipe were measured for various free oscillating lengths of the bend while the rest of the piping system was restrained. The results are displayed in resonance curves and frequency spectra for the different configurations. In both cases a correlation between the pressure and the displacement spectrum shows a transfer of momentum from the fluid to the structure, but only in the configuration with the long oscillating pipe section can a reaction of the fluid on the motion of the structure be identified. Frequency shifts of the pressure and a splitting of the pressure peak were observed. The time signals confirm that the effects of FSI are most significant in one system configuration which is strongly influenced by the bend geometry. Furthermore a parameter is presented which quantifies the effects of junction coupling based on the geometrical and hydraulic properties of the bend and the system.     

流固耦合破坏分析的多分辨率PD-SPH方法

流固耦合破坏是一类涉及结构变形与破坏以及复杂自由表面现象的强非线性力学问题.结合近场动力学(peridynamics, PD)与光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics, SPH)各自的优势并考虑其计算效率问题,提出一种适用于分析流-固耦合破坏问题的多分辨率PD-SPH混合方法.分别采用SPH和PD方法以不同的空间和时间分辨率对流体和结构进行离散与求解,利用具有与流体粒子相同光滑长度的虚粒子处理流-固界面,以高精度满足界面边界条件.通过两个经典算例:液柱静压力下弹性板的变形和溃坝流体冲击弹性闸门的变形问题,表明提出的多分辨率PD-SPH方法兼具较高的计算精度和计算效率;对含裂缝的Koyna重力坝水力劈裂问题进行模拟计算,所得裂缝扩展路径与文献结果吻合,说明该方法适用于涉及结构破坏的流固耦合问题仿真.最后尝试采用该方法进行流体冲击作用下含裂纹混凝土板崩塌过程数值仿真,准确描述混凝土板的断裂破坏和全过程中的流体运动.多分辨率PD-SPH混合方法或可为流-固耦合作用下的结构损伤破坏仿真提供一种新选择.     

A time-periodic approach for fluid-structure interaction in distensible vessels

The analysis of periodic unsteady incompressible flow inside compliant vessels is of considerable interest for the simulation of blood flow in arteries. Weakly coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) models seem to be most suitable for this purpose. For weakly coupled solution methods, however, often convergence may not be achieved for compliant vessels with an axial length scale that is large compared to the characteristic radius. In this study, a time-periodic method for weakly coupled FSI models is presented. Approximate solutions of subsequent time-periods are obtained using the solution of the previous time-period as an initial solution. For the first period, not only suitable boundary conditions are derived from a 1-D wave propagation model, but also the initial axial pressure distribution. The time-periodic method was successfully applied to straight, curved and bifurcating geometries. The new approach proves to have a far better computational stability than weakly coupled methods based on timestep-wise coupling, especially in vessels with a length that is an order of magnitude larger than the radius.     

Utilization of nonlinear vibrations of soft pipe conveying fluid for driving underwater bio-inspired robot

Creatures with longer bodies in nature like snakes and eels moving in water commonly generate a large swaying of their bodies or tails, with the purpose of producing significant frictions and collisions between body and fluid to provide the power of consecutive forward force. This swaying can be idealized by considering oscillations of a soft beam immersed in water when waves of vibration travel down at a constant speed. The present study employs a kind of large deformations induced by nonlinear vibrations of a soft pipe conveying fluid to design an underwater bio-inspired snake robot that consists of a rigid head and a soft tail. When the head is fixed, experiments show that a second mode vibration of the tail in water occurs as the internal flow velocity is beyond a critical value. Then the corresponding theoretical model based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is established to describe nonlinear vibrations of the tail. As the head is free, the theoretical modeling is combined with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to construct a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation model. The swimming speed and swaying shape of the snake robot are obtained through the FSI simulation model. They are in good agreement with experimental results. Most importantly, it is demonstrated that the propulsion speed can be improved by 21% for the robot with vibrations of the tail compared with that without oscillations in the pure jet mode. This research provides a new thought to design driving devices by using nonlinear flow-induced vibrations.

     

考虑动水压力和流固耦合的库水-坝体-地基系统建模与动力分析

结合动水压力模型和罚函数耦合算法,考虑地基和坝体结构的接触以及边界效应,构建动水压力和流固耦合作用下的库水-坝体-地基地震响应分析模型和方法。通过与试验结果及解析解和实测数据对比,验证了本文模型和方法能准确反映系统地震荷载和分析整体耦合系统的动力响应,引入罚函数处理流固耦合界面能提高计算收敛速度。进一步以某重力坝工程实际为背景,验证本文构建的模型和方法适用于库水-坝体-地基耦合系统动力分析的可行性,并分析了地震作用下地基变形对系统动力响应的影响。     

圆筒内旋转细长管与流体界面耦合的数值方法

圆筒内旋转细长管是石油钻采工程中特有结构,细长管不仅与圆筒发生碰撞接触,还与管内流体和管外环空流体耦合,是一个复杂的非线性流固耦合系统。细长管固体域离散成梁单元,采用非线性碰撞接触动力学方程描述;管内外流体离散成六面体单元,采用计算流体动力学方程描述,在耦合界面处用任意拉格朗日欧拉法动网格来处理运动界面。根据梁单元位移...     

含裂纹损伤充液圆柱壳的振动响应求解方法

薄壁圆柱壳流体冲击振动响应是一个复杂的流固耦合(FSI)动力学问题,对于薄壳状态监测与缺陷识别具有重要意义。基于Flügge壳体应力理论,得到壳体运动的高阶偏微分方程组(PDE),利用波传播方法获得圆柱壳系统振动响应。将壳体周围流体定义为理想声学介质,通过亥姆霍兹方程描述声压场,得到流固耦合条件下的薄壁圆柱壳受迫振动响应演变规律。针对薄壳裂纹损伤识别问题,基于断裂力学理论建立局部柔度矩阵,结合呼吸型线弹簧模型(LSM),构造裂纹附近应力及位移连续条件,获得含裂纹损伤充液圆柱壳的振动响应,进而给出一种基于振动能量流的裂纹损伤识别方法。研究结果表明：充液圆柱壳耦合系统在非线性激励下,位移响应在沿轴向、周向和径向的传播特性差异明显;裂纹的存在会导致结构局部柔度的降低和耦合系统固有频率下降;归一化输入功率流能够有效地对充液圆柱壳耦合系统进行结构裂纹损伤识别。研究结果可为充液薄壳振动响应方面的研究提供有益参考,也可为流固耦合条件下的结构裂纹损伤识别方面提供技术支持。     

自由液面大晃动的流固耦合数值分析方法研究进展

本文较为全面地评述了国内外对具有自由液面大晃动的流固耦合问题的研究。在第2节,以两种典型的工程问题（石油化工储液罐抗震性和提高机理问题和液态金属快中子增殖堆主容器流固耦合问题）为背景全面评述了这类流固耦合问题的有关研究进展;文章的第3节较为深入讨论了这类流固耦合问题中所采用的分析方法（包括解析方法、半解析方法和数值方法以及问题描述的ALE格式等）和分析模型（包括位移－位移模型和多种的位移－势模型等）;第4节首先从问题求解方面,说明了具有自由液面大晃动的流固耦合问题的性质和特点,然后讨论了交替求解方法及其对求解此类问题的特别适应性;最后,本文给出了这方面今后应进一步研究的问题。     

Modelling techniques for fluid–solid coupling dynamics of bundle tubes vibrating and colliding in fluids

Nonlinear vibrations that occur in such bundle structures caused collisions between tubes and cross flows of the surrounding fluid. This paper presents modeling techniques for simulating the FSI dynamics of bundle tubes vibrating and colliding in fluids. A typical configuration of a three-dimensional tube bundles submerged in fluid of a cylindrical container is studied. Coupling conditions of displacement, velocity and forces are considered on the fluid-structure coupling interfaces. Contacts boundary between tubes and topological domain changes of the fluid are also considered on the fluid-structure coupling interface. Modeling techniques and algorithm are then established for flow-induced vibrations of the tubes, and collisions between tubes in fluids. The examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques. It has confirmed that our code produces the correct physics of the FSI problem, and capable of revealing the complex nonlinear mechanism with solid-solid contacts together with fluid-solid interactions.     

Dynamic analysis of an offshore pipe laying operation using the reel method

A system designed for a rigid and flexible pipe laying purposes is presented in the paper.Mathematical and numerical models are developed by using the rigid finite element method(RFEM).The RFEM is an efficient solution in the time domain.Static and dynamic problems related to pipe installation are solved by taking the advantage of simple interpretation and implementation of the method.Large deformations of the pipe during spooling and when it is reeled out at sea are considered.A material model implemented is used to take into consideration nonlinear material properties.In particular,the full elasto-plastic material characteristics with hardening and Bauschinger effect are included.Dynamic analyses are performed and the results attached in this work demonstrates how the sea conditions influence the machinery and pipeline,assuming a passive reel drive system. The influence of several other operational parameters on dynamic loads is verified.An active system,implemented as a part of the mathematical model,improves the system performance.Some results are presented as well.     

NUMERICAL MODELING FOR FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION UNDER BLAST AND IMPACT LOADING RESPONSE

建立了基于位移相等条件的流固耦合数值模拟程序框架,通过串联弱耦合方式对爆炸冲击波作用下流固耦合效应进行数值模拟. 其中非线性固体位移场采用基于Lagrange方法描述的时域间断伽辽金有限元方法进行处理. 基于修正弹簧近似的非结构动网格新技术,非定常流场采用格心格式的有限体积方法进行求解. 数值模拟结果表明: 该文所发展的弱耦合分析程序在流固耦合数值模拟过程中具有可靠的计算精度. 同时,程序对于爆炸强间断气动冲击载荷冲击作用下固体变形引起流场的反射和叠加效应, 以及流场变化引起复杂的固体响应具有良好的耦合求解能力.     

基于双向流固耦合的超空泡射弹入水研究

超空泡射弹通过超空泡减阻技术在水下高速长距离航行, 是对抗水下近距离威胁的有效手段. 为了扩大防御范围、增加杀伤力, 超空泡射弹具有很高的发射速度. 高速超空泡射弹在入水时中受到极大的冲击载荷, 发生显著的结构变形, 结构变形与流场之间存在相互影响和作用, 常规的基于刚体假设的仿真研究方法不再适用. 为了研究高速超空泡射弹入水过程中的结构变形及其对流体动力特性的影响, 通过耦合流体力学求解器和结构动力学求解器, 建立了射弹高速入水双向流固耦合仿真模型, 并通过与文献中的试验结果进行对比验证了该模型空泡形态计算方法和耦合方法的准确性. 使用双向流固耦合的方法对高速射弹在不同初始攻角入水过程中的超空泡流动特性及结构变形特性进行了数值模拟研究, 通过对比流固耦合模型与刚体模型的计算结果, 得到了超空泡射弹的结构弯曲变形对流体动力载荷的影响. 研究结果表明: 高速射弹入水过程中流固耦合效应对超空泡流型及流体动力载荷的计算结果有显著影响; 本文所研究的射弹在考虑流固耦合效应, 带攻角垂直入水两倍弹长的范围内, 超空泡射弹的流体动力载荷与弯曲变形之间形成正反馈; 高速超空泡射弹在入水过程中受到的流体动力载荷及弹体应力应变随入水初始攻角的增加显著增大, 研究对象在初速1400m/s的条件下入水时, 当初始攻角不超过2°时不存在结构安全性问题.