电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定黑豆和红小豆中15种元素

采用ICP-AES法同时测定黑豆和红小豆中Na,Sn,Ca,Zn,Cu,Mg,Al,Fe,P,K,Si,Se,Ba,Mn,Mo15种元素含量,并对各元素进行了加标回收实验,黑豆和红小豆中各元素的平均回收率在93.11%~102.15%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.83%~2.8%,检出限介于0.11~14.09μg/L。建立了简便、快速、准确和稳定的测定黑豆和红小豆中元素的测定方法。结果显示在黑豆和红小豆中K,Ca,P,Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn等常量元素和微量元素含量较高。红小豆中Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn等营养元素的含量较黑豆中的高。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定黑豆和红小豆中15种元素

采用ICP—AES法同时测定黑豆和红小豆中Na,Sn,Ca,Zn,Cu,Mg,Al,Fe,P,K,Si,Se,Ba,Mn,M015种元素含量,并对各元素进行了加标回收实验,黑豆和红小豆中各元素的平均回收率在93．11％～102．15％,相对标准偏（RSD）在0．83％0～2．8％,检出限介于0．11～14．09Fg／L。建立了简便、快速、准确和稳定的测定黑豆和红小豆中元素的测定方法。结果显示在黑豆和红小豆中K,Ca,P,Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn等常量元素和微量元素含量较高。红小豆中Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn等营养元素的含量较黑豆中的高。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定黄禾和谷子中15种元素

摘 要：提出了用等离子体发射光谱对通辽地区产黄禾和谷子中Na,Ca,Sn,Cu,Zn,Al,Mg,Fe,P,Si,K,Ba,Se,Mo,Mn 15种元素含量同时进行测定的方法,并对各元素作了加标回收实验,黄禾和谷子中各元素的平均回收率为96.67%～104.00%,RSD为0.78%～2.86%。方法简便、快速、准确地测定了黄禾和谷子中的元素。结果显示,在黄禾和谷子中K,P,Mg含量高,谷子中Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn和Mn的含量较黄禾中的高。黄禾和谷子中富含丰富的Na,Ca,Zn,Fe等元素,从微量元素角度看谷子中对身体有益的元素较黄禾高。     

ICP-AES法对花生仁和黄豆中元素含量的比较研究

采用ICP-AES法对通辽地区产的花生仁和黄豆中Na、K、Mg、Ca、P、Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn、Sn、AI和Si等元素的含量同时进行测定。回归方程的相关系数为0.9992-0.9998,相应各元素的检出限范围为0.25～97.03μg.L－1之间,回收率和相对标准偏差范围分别为97.04～108.60%之间,RSD为0.69～3.26%之间,该实验建立了简便、快速和稳定的测定花生仁和黄豆中元素含量的方法。结果显示在花生仁和黄豆中P含量非常高,黄豆中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn和Sn的含量较花生仁中的较高。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定黄禾和谷子中15种元素

提出了用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法对通辽地区产黄禾和谷子中Na,Ca,Sn,Cu,Zn,Al,Mg,Fe,P,Si,K,Ba,Se,Mo,Mn 15种元素含量同时进行测定的方法,并对各元素作了加标回收实验,黄禾和谷子中各元素的平均回收率为96.67%~104.00%,相对标准偏差RSD均小于5%。方法简便、快速、准确地测定了黄禾和谷子中的元素。结果显示,在黄禾和谷子中K,P,Mg含量高,谷子中Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn和Mn的含量较黄禾中的高。黄禾和谷子中富含丰富的Na,Ca,Zn,Fe等元素,从微量元素角度看谷子中对身体有益的元素较黄禾高。     

火焰原子吸收法测定藿香中的微量元素

采用火焰原子吸收法测定了广藿香与土藿香中Ca、Mn、Fe、K、Cu、Mg、Zn七种微量元素的含量.方法的回收率在95.6%～110.0%之间,RSD在0.9%～2.5%之间,具有良好的准确度和精密度.结果表明,广藿香中Mn、Fe、K、Cu、Zn等五种元素的含量较为丰富,特别是Mn、K两种元素的含量远高于土藿香.此测定结果可作为探讨藿香中微量元素的含量与药效相关性的科学依据.     

不同月份栽培藏木香微量元素的含量测定及动态分析

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对不同月份栽培藏木香中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、K、Mg和Na8种微量元素进行了分析测定。结果表明,在选定的测定条件下,栽培藏木香中各元素间相互干扰小,对测定无明显影响。方法的标准曲线线性关系良好(r=0.997 3~0.999 9),方法回收率(n=7)在97.5%~100.3%之间,RSD值(n=7)在1.16%~2.76%之间。栽培藏木香中K、Ca、Mg含量较高且不同月份微量元素含量有所不同,其中Zn、Cu、Mn含量基本稳定;K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe等元素含量呈现较大幅度的变化趋势。研究结果为合理利用藏木香资源提供了可靠依据。     

不同杏李品种果实中微量元素含量的测定

用HNO3-HClO4混合酸液消解样品,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了恐龙蛋、味王、味厚和风味皇后4个杏李品种果实中K,Mg,Ca,Na,Zn,Fe,Cu和Mn 8种元素的含量。结果表明,各元素在实验范围内,线性关系良好,回收率在98％～104％之间,结果较为满意。测定结果表明,4个杏李品种果实中均含有丰富的K,Mg,Ca,Zn等人体必需的生命元素,说明杏李果实具有较高的营养价值。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定花生仁和黄豆中多种元素

采用ICP-AES法对通辽地区产的花生仁和黄豆中Na,K,Mg,Ca,P,Fe,Cu,Mn,Zn,Sn,Al和Si等元素的含量同时进行测定。回归方程的相关系数为0.999 2~0.999 8,相应各元素的检出限范围为0.25~97.03μg/L,加标回收率和相对标准偏差范围分别为91.23%~108.60%和0.69%~3.3%,实验建立了简便、快速和稳定的测定花生仁和黄豆中元素含量的方法。结果显示在花生仁和黄豆中P含量非常高,黄豆中Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn和Sn的含量较花生仁中的较高。     

不同生长时期盐藻无机元素分析

测定了对数生长期和稳定期盐藻中10种无机元素K、Na、Ca、Mg、P、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Se的含量。结果表明，稳定期盐藻中K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Se的含量比对数生长期都有不同程度的增加，Na、P的含量反而降低。     

裂解气相色谱-质谱联用技术研究黑香豆酊的热裂解行为

采用裂解气相色谱-质谱联用法研究了香精黑香豆酊在不同温度下的裂解行为,分析了黑香豆酊在不同温度下的热裂解产物,并用归一化法进行了定量。结果发现黑香豆酊在不同温度下表现出不同的转移行为,其热解产物和机理也各不相同。检索到苯并呋喃、香豆素和肉桂醛等16种致香物质。随着温度的升高,裂解产物中逐渐产生出有害物质。初步探讨了香豆素可能的裂解机理,为香味物质在卷烟燃烧过程的转化行为提供了例证。     

Protein quality of irradiated Brazilian beans

Beans are a major source of dietary protein in Brazil. However, high losses due to insect infestation occur after each harvest. To combat these losses, radiation processing of beans offers promise as an alternative to chemical treatment, provided the nutritional quality of beans is not impaired by the radiation treatment. Conflicting results have been published about the effect of radiation on the biological value of legume proteins. Therefore, two varieties of Brazilian beans were studied: 1) Phaseolus vulgaris L., var. carioca and 2) Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, var. macaçar. The beans were irradiated with doses of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 kGy. Since irradiated beans will be consumed after appropriate storage, the beans under study were stored for 6 months at ambient temperature. Protein quality was measured by a biological assay employing the nitrogen balance approach in weanling rats. The animals were fed with optimally cooked beans, which were the only source of protein (10%). Nitrogen contents of legumes, diets, animal urine and faeces were determined by Kjeldahl analysis. The indices for apparent protein quality: net protein utilisation, digestibility and biological value were not influenced by irradiation. Thus, radiation treatment of Brazilian beans offers considerable promise as an effective insect disinfection process, without impairing the biological quality of the valuable bean protein.     

Identification and quantitation of phenolics from green beans by high-performance liquid chromatography

Summary High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection has been used for the separation and quantitation of phenolics from fresh and processed green beans. Whole beans, pods and seeds of green beans were studied separately. Chromatographic profiles from pods were more complex than those found in seeds. Flavonol glycosides were confined to quercetin and kaempferol classes and they were typical of external parts of the fruit. Flavan-3-ols monomers ((+) catechin and (−) epicatechin) as well as procyanidins structures were identified in pods and seeds. Chromatographic profiles from processed beans revealed a polyphenolic composition similar to those found in pod fresh green beans. The chromatographic method was carefully validated in regard to precision and accuracy. High reproducibility of peak area (RSD<3%) and calibration slopes (RSD<4%) was obtained. Recoveries between 94–104% revealed good accuracy for the overall method. Application to quantitative determination in a representative number of samples allowed good knowledge of the phenolic composition of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris v.vulgaris).     

Selective determination of caffeine and trigonelline in aqueous extract of green coffee beans by FT-MIR-ATR spectroscopy

A non-destructive, fast, simple and reliable Fourier transform mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (FT-MIR-ATR) method for the selective determination of caffeine and trigonelline in the aqueous extract of green coffee beans was developed and validated. The calibration curves were linear in the range 2000 − 7000 mg/L for caffeine and trigonelline with R² ≥ 0.9997. The limits of detection (LOD) were 140 and 100 mg/L and the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 470 and 330 mg/L for caffeine and trigonelline, respectively. The precision (% RSD) was 3.0% and 4.3% for caffeine and trigonelline, respectively. The developed method was applied to 20 samples of green coffee beans to determine the two alkaloids. The amount of caffeine and trigonelline in the green coffee beans were found in the range 0.84 − 1.15% (w/w) and 0.83 − 1.13% (w/w), respectively. The accuracy of the developed analytical method was evaluated by spiking standard caffeine and trigonelline to green coffee beans and the average recoveries were 93 ± 5% and 98 ± 4%, respectively. Therefore, the developed FT-MIR-ATR methods can be used for direct determination of the two alkaloids in the green coffee beans.     

A label free aptasensor for Ochratoxin A detection in cocoa beans: An application to chocolate industries

Contamination of food by mycotoxin occurs in minute/trace quantities. Nearly 92.5% of the cocoa samples present Ochratoxin A (OTA) levels at trace quantity. Hence, there is a necessity for a highly sensitive and selective device that can detect and quantify these organic toxins in various matrices such as cocoa beans. This work reports for the first time, a facile and label-free electrochemical impedimetric aptasensor for rapid detection and quantitation of OTA in cocoa beans. The developed aptasensor was constructed based on the diazonium-coupling reaction mechanism for the immobilization of anti-OTA-aptamer on screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). The aptasensor exhibited a very good limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.15 ng/mL, with added advantages of good selectivity and reproducibility. The increase in electron transfer resistance was linearly proportional to the OTA concentration in the range 0.15–2.5 ng/mL, with an acceptable recovery percentage (91–95%, RSD = 4.8%) obtained in cocoa samples. This work can facilitate a general model for the detection of OTA in cocoa beans based on the impedimetric aptasensor. The analysis can be performed onsite with pre-constructed and aptamer modified electrodes employing a portable EIS set up.     

A validated LC–MS/MS method for quantitative determination of L-dopa in Fagioli di Sarconi beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

An analytical method based on ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI/MS/MS) was validated and applied for determining L-dopa in four ecotypes of Fagioli di Sarconi beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), marked with the European label PGI (Protected Geographical Indication). The selectivity of the proposed method was ensured by the specific fragmentation of the analyte. Simple isocratic chromatographic conditions and mass spectrometric detection in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) acquisition mode were used for sensitive quantification. The LC–ESI/MS/MS method was validated within a linear range of 0.001–5.000 μg/mL. Values of 0.4 and 1.1 ng/mL were obtained for the limits of detection and quantification, respectively. The repeatability, inter-day precision, and recovery values ranges were 0.6%–4.5%, 5.4%–9.9%, and 83%–93%, respectively. Fresh and dried beans, as well as pods, cultivated exclusively with organic methods avoiding any synthetic fertilizers and pesticides were analyzed showing an L-dopa content ranging from 0.020 ± 0.005 to 2.34 ± 0.05 μg/g dry weight.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定芽苗类蔬菜及其来源豆类中4种非法添加物的残留量

建立了芽苗类蔬菜及其来源豆类中对氯苯氧乙酸、6-苄基腺嘌呤、恩诺沙星和诺氟沙星残留量的反相高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经含0.1%冰醋酸的乙腈提取、浓缩后,以C18为分析色谱柱,甲醇和0.1%甲酸水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离。质谱采用电喷雾方式电离,正、负离子分段扫描,测定上述4种非法添加物。选择确定对氯苯氧乙酸、6-苄基腺嘌呤、恩诺沙星和诺氟沙星的母离子依次为m/z 189.9、226.1、359.9和320.1,定量子离子依次为m/z 127.0、91.2、315.9和276.2。4种药物在5～200 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2＞ 0.995)。选取了绿豆芽和绿豆作为代表性基质进行添加回收试验,4种药物的检出限和定量限分别为1 μg/kg和5 μg/kg;在5.0、10.0、20.0 μg/kg 3个添加水平下,4种药物的回收率为70%～91%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于14%。方法准确、灵敏、简便,适用于芽苗类蔬菜及其来源豆类中4种非法添加物残留的同时测定。     

Magnetic amino‐functionalized hollow silica‐titania microsphere as an efficient sorbent for extraction of pesticides in green and roasted coffee beans

This study describes the synthesis and application of a magnetic amino‐functionalized hollow silica‐titania microsphere as a new sorbent for magnetic dispersive micro‐solid phase extraction of selected pesticides in coffee bean samples. The sorbent was fully characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transition electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry techniques. Significant extraction parameters affecting the proposed method, such as extraction time, sorbent amount, sample solution pH, salt amount, and desorption conditions (desorption solvent and time) were investigated and optimized. All the figures of merits were validated in coffee bean samples under the matrix‐matched calibration method. Linear dynamic ranges were 5–250 µg/kg with the determination coefficients (R²) > 0.9980. The limits of detection for the pesticides of chlorpyrifos, malathion, hexaconazole, and atrazine were 1.42, 1.43, 1.35, and 1.33 µg/kg, respectively. Finally, the method was successfully applied for the determination of the pesticides in green and roasted coffee bean samples, and the obtained recoveries were in the range of 74–113% for spiked samples. The prepared sorbent could be used for the magnetic dispersive micro‐solid phase extraction of pesticides in the plant‐derived food matrix.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定红小豆中残留的6种咪唑啉酮类除草剂

建立了同时测定红小豆中6种咪唑啉酮类除草剂残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品经0.1 mol/L NH4HCO3(pH 5)-甲醇(体积比为70∶30)溶液提取,二氯甲烷液-液萃取和凝胶渗透色谱净化后,采用Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm, 5 μm)分离,以甲醇-0.1%乙酸为流动相梯度洗脱,离子阱质谱在选择离子模式下测定。咪唑啉酮类除草剂在10～200 μg/L(灭草喹在5～100 μg/L)内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9987～0.9997;方法的检出限为0.2～0.5 μg/kg;在红小豆中3个加标水平的平均加标回收率为81.6%～99.4%,相对标准偏差为3.1%～7.8%。该方法简便、灵敏度高、精密度好,适用于红小豆中多种咪唑啉酮类除草剂残留的测定。     

气相色谱-负化学离子源质谱测定大豆和玉米中12种三唑类杀菌剂的残留量

建立了一种可用于大豆和玉米中12种三唑类杀菌剂残留量测定的分散固相萃取-气相色谱-负化学离子源质谱方法。样品经含1%冰醋酸的乙腈提取,分散固相萃取法净化,采用气相色谱-负化学离子源质谱分时段选择离子监测技术进行测定与确证,外标法定量。12种农药在50～1000 μg/L范围内线性关系均良好;所有农药的方法定量限(LOQ)均低于8 μg/kg;在10,20和40 μg/kg 3个添加水平下所有农药的回收率为70%～130%,相对标准偏差(RSD)≤13.9%。该方法在检测大豆和玉米基质时无干扰现象出现。