Optimization of pick-up coils for weakly damped SQUID gradiometers

The performance of a superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) gradiometer is always determined by its pick-up coil geometry, such as baseline and radius. In this paper, based on the expressions for the coupled flux threading a magnetometer obtained by Wikswo, we studied how the gradiometer performance parameters, including the current dipole sensitivity, spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), are affected by its pick-up coil via Mat Lab simulation.Depending on the simulation results, the optimal pick-up coil design region for a certain gradiometer can be obtained.To verify the simulation results, we designed and fabricated several first-order gradiometers based on the weakly damped SQUID with different pick-up coils by applying superconducting connection. The experimental measurements were conducted on a simple current dipole in a magnetically shielding room. The measurement results are well in coincidence with the simulation ones, indicating that the simulation model is useful in specific pick-up coil design.     

Design and Optimization of the Electromagnetic Actuator in Active-Passive Hybrid Vibration Isolator

The design and optimization of actuators are difficult and critical for the active-passive hybrid vibration control system. In this paper, an electromagnetic actuator model is established based on Ohm’s Law for magnetic circuit considering the leakage flux. The 600N electromagnetic actuators are designed and optimized based on ANSYS simulation according to the engineering request. Its transient characteristics are studied. The effects of different structural parameters on its output force are analyzed. The experimental results show that the structure parameters and output force characteristics of the designed electromagnetic actuators satisfy the practical requirement.     

400 MeV/u碳离子打靶的屏蔽参数计算

为了给医用重离子加速器提供一种专用的快速计算屏蔽厚度或对蒙特卡罗模拟结果进行验证的方法.采用FLUKA程序完成了400 MeV/u碳离子打不同靶的屏蔽参数计算.首先研究了打厚靶(铁、水)产生的次级辐射场的角度分布及主要成分;接着给出了不同角度范围下周围剂量当量在屏蔽体中的衰减曲线,通过拟合数据进一步得到不同角度范围下的...     

混凝土HJC模型抗侵彻参数敏感性数值模拟研究

 混凝土是一种应用广泛的复合材料,其动态性能及抗侵彻毁伤效应的研究越来越依赖于数值模拟,其中混凝土HJC模型是应用最广泛的本构模型之一。在介绍HJC模型的基础上,应用LS-DYNA数值模拟方法进行HJC本构模型抗侵彻性能的参数敏感性研究,通过大量数值模拟得出HJC模型的抗侵彻敏感参数有：无侧限单轴抗压强度f_c、压实点压力p_lock、特征化粘性强度A、特征化压力硬化因子B和压力硬化指数N。在混凝土的抗侵彻数值模拟过程中,重点是确定敏感参数的取值,以提高数值模拟的精度和质量,做到合理地选择试验方法和安排试验量。     

A DC current–voltage model for organic thin film transistor for circuit design

Organic integrated circuits based on organic thin film transistors (OTFT) are gaining more and more attention nowadays, the availability of accurate spice-like device model for OTFTs suitable for Electronic design automation (EDA) applications is particularly attractive. In this paper, we demonstrate the applicability of the accurate direct-current (DC) model for OTFTs suitable for EDA, the parameters in the unified model all can be extracted in a simple and direct way from the experimental measurements. Two types of top source and drain contact (TC) pentacene TFTs with different gate dielectrics are researched on, simulation results based Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) are obtained with this model and parameters extracted, which show a very good agreement with measured curves in both transfer and output characteristics, so the DC model and the extracted parameters are verified.     

冷凝器动态性能仿真研究

本文应用移动边界法(MB)对冷凝器建立了动态仿真数学模型,模型体现了冷凝器内各个相区长度随时间的变化,模型最终可以化为常微分线性方程组的形式,在求解上更为方便且兼顾了仿真的效率和精度,模型可提供冷凝器详细的性能参数;研究了在系统不同的控制参数阶跃情况下冷凝器的动态响应,获得了冷凝器的动态特性,冷凝器的动态特性是冷凝器动态优化设计和编制系统控制规律的基础。本文中的冷凝器建模方法适合于系统级仿真研究。     

中国固态增殖剂试验包层系统的氦气冷却系统仿真计算

根据中国固态增殖剂试验包层氦气冷却系统的系统设计和布置情况,利用大型一维流体仿真软件 Flowmaster 建立了氦气冷却系统的仿真模型。利用该仿真模型,模拟了氦冷系统在产氚包层系统不同工况下氦气流动情况以及各种参数的分布情况,得到了热等待工况、热备用工况、正常运行工况和除氚工况下系统的主要工艺点的温度、压力和流速分布等相关参数,为系统的设计和设备选型提供参考。同时,该仿真模型和结果对中国聚变工程实验堆氦冷系统的仿真模拟具有一定的参考意义。     

深度学习的亚波长窄带陷波滤光片设计

亚波长光栅结构表现出优异的陷波滤光特性,其经典设计是设定亚波长的几何结构参数,求解麦克斯韦方程组,设定优化算法求解出最优解,需要消耗大量的时间和计算资源.提出一种基于深度学习的逆向设计方法,搭建了可以同时实现正向模拟与逆向设计的串联神经网络.基于python语言的Tensorflow库进行网络搭建;优化均匀波导层的高度...     

Numerical simulation and design of a thermionic electron gun

This paper reports the simulation of an electron gun. The effects on the beam quality of some parameters on the beam quality were studied and optimal choices were identified. It gives numerical beam qualities for a common electrostatic triode gun, and the dependencies on design parameters such as electrode geometries and bias voltages to these electrodes are shown. An electron beam of diameter 5 mm with energy of 5 ke V was assumed for the simulation process. Some design parameters were identified as variable parameters in the presence of space charge.These parameters are the inclination angle of emission electrode, the applied voltage to the focusing electrode, the gap width between the emission electrode and the focusing electrode and the diameter of the focusing electrode. The triode extraction system is designed and optimized by using CST software(for Particle Beam Simulations). The physical design of the extraction system is given in this paper. From the simulation results, it is concluded that the inclination angle of the emission electrode is optimized at 22.5?, the applied voltage to the focusing electrode was optimized and found to be Vfoc =-600 V, the optimal separation distance(gap between emission electrode and focusing electrode) is 4 mm, and the optimal diameter of the emission electrode is 14 mm. Initial results for these efforts aimed at emittance improvement are also given.     

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According to the system design and arrangement of helium cooling system of China helium cooled ceramic breeder (CHCCB), helium cooling system simulation model is built using large one-dimension fluid simulation software Flowmaster. For different operation conditions of tritium breeding blanket system, helium flow conditions and parameter distribution are simulated for helium cooling system, using such simulation model. Temperature, pressure and velocity distributions and other related parameters have been obtained on different scenarios for hot waiting state, hot standby state, normal operation state and tritium out-gassing state, which provide reference for the design of system and equipment selection. Meanwhile, the model and simulation results have some reference significances for the simulation of helium cooling system for CFETR.     

基于校准k-ε模型的复杂地形流动数值模拟

准确计算风电场的内部流动对风电场的微观选址至关重要.求解雷诺平均NS方程(RANS)的模拟是当前模拟风电场内部流动的主要手段.湍流模型对模拟结果的准确性有很大影响.选取在工程中广泛应用的标准k-ε湍流模型进行研究.首先以平板地形为计算模型,探究入口边界条件、壁面方程、模型可调参数和对模拟流向均匀大气边界层的影响,获得平...     

Investigation of HDD Ramp Unloading Processes with an Efficient Scheme

Ramp load/unload (L/UL) mechanisms are widely used to rest sliders in hard disk drives (HDDs). Loading/unloading a slider swiftly and smoothly is crucial in a HDD design. A novel, efficient simulation scheme is proposed to investigate the behaviors of a head disk interface (HDI) in ramp unloading processes. A dual scale model is enabled by decoupling the nano-meter scale change of an air bearing and the micro- or milli-meter scale deformation of a suspension. A modified Reynolds equation governing the air bearing was solved numerically. The slider design was characterized with performance functions. Three stages in an unloading process were analyzed with a lumped parameter suspension model. Key parameters for the model were estimated with a comprehensive finite element suspension model. Finally, simulation results are presented for a commercial HDI design.     

光通信用雪崩光电二极管(APD)频率响应特性研究

吸收层、电荷层和倍增层分离结构雪崩光电二极管(SACM-APD),包括InP/InGaAs、InAlAs/InGaAs和Si/Ge APD是光通信领域近年来研究的热点. 本文基于电路模型,系统比较了不同外延层厚度、不同材料以及不同结构APD的频率响应特性,重点探讨Si/Ge APD吸收层厚度、光敏面大小、寄生参数等各项参数对带宽的影响,仿真结果与实际器件实验数据相符合. 本文的研究成果对SACM-APD的优化设计具有指导意义. 关键词： SACM-APD 电路模型 频率响应     

Design of a 450 MHz β=0.2 single spoke cavity at PKU

The design of a 450 MHz β=0.2 superconducting single spoke cavity has been finished at Peking University. A theoretical model and a numerical simulation are used to study the relationship between the RF performance and the geometric parameters of the cavity. In this paper, the optimization of the spoke cavity is described in detail. The RF simulation gives the optimum parameters Epk/Eacc of 2.65 and Epk/Eacc of 5.22 mT/(MV/m). The mechanical properties of the cavity are also studied. Two stiff ribs are used to offer a credible mechanical stability.     

Load optimal design for a primary test stand facility based on a zero-dimensional load model

In order to couple the numerical simulation of a primary test stand driver with an optimal load design, a zero-dimensional wire array load model is designed based on the Saturn load model using PSPICE, which is an upgraded version of the Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) designed by the ORCAD Corporation to perform circuit simulations. This paper calculates different load parameters and discusses factors influencing the driving current curve. With appropriate driving current curves chosen, further magneto-hydrodynamic calculations are carried out and discussed to provide the best results for experiments. The suggested optimal load parameters play an important role in experimental load design.     

高密度差多层球壳双能CT图像重建方法

对含高密度差材料的大尺寸多层球壳构件采用双能CT方法进行无损检测,当采用高能射线扫描时,低Z材料区对射线基本无阻挡,而采用低能射线扫描时又会被高Z材料区截断,因此需要根据双能射线投影特征开展针对性的图像重建方法研究。首先,根据材料结构特征建立仿真模型,分别模拟得到高、低能射线的投影正弦图,然后采用滤波反投影和代数重建法等算法进行图像重建。通过仿真和比较分析,得出先融合投影再重建图像的方法要整体优于先分别重建再融合图像的方法。另外,为保证图像重建质量,在进行扫描射线能量选择时,要考虑提高局部投影质量,更要尽量减少被截断的总投影量。     

应变Si NMOSFET阈值电压集约物理模型

本文采用渐变沟道近似和准二维分析的方法, 通过求解泊松方程, 建立了应变Si NMOSFET阈值电压集约物理模型. 模型同时研究了短沟道, 窄沟道, 非均匀掺杂, 漏致势垒降低等物理效应对阈值电压的影响. 采用参数提取软件提取了阈值电压相关参数, 通过将模型的计算结果和实验结果进行对比分析, 验证了本文提出的模型的正确性. 该模型为应变Si超大规模集成电路的分析和设计提供了重要的参考. 关键词： 应变Si NMOSFET 阈值电压 集约物理模型     

微型光谱仪结构参量的可调节冗余量研究

为了探究Czerny-Turner(CT)光路结构在装配过程中各个光学元件偏离理论光学设计参量时对光谱仪光学性能的影响,建立数学物理模型还原Zemax设计的非对称CT结构光路,在不影响光谱仪分辨率的条件下,调节CT结构中的各元件,得到各元件的可调节冗余量.结果表明,准直镜和衍射光栅偏转角度可调节范围分别为±0.19°和±0.17°;聚光镜和CCD的位置可调节范围都为±0.12mm.以上四个变量的可调节冗余量最小,对光谱仪最终分辨率影响较大.该研究对CT结构中各光学元件机械调节机构的设计具有参考意义.     

Two-dimensional threshold voltage model of nanoscale silicon-on-insulator tunneling field-effect transistor

The tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET) is a potential candidate for the post-CMOS era. In this paper, a threshold voltage model is developed for this new kind of device. First, two-dimensional (2D) models are used to describe the distributions of potential and electric field in the channel and two depletion regions. Then based on the physical definition of threshold voltage for the nanoscale TFET, the threshold voltage model is developed. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified by comparing the calculated results with the 2D device simulation data. It has been demonstrated that the effects of varying the device parameters can easily be investigated using the model presented in this paper. This threshold voltage model provides a valuable reference to the TFET device design, simulation, and fabrication.     

室内直达与非直达环境无线传播综合信道建模

本文主要针对室内无线传播信道直达(line of sight, LOS)与非直达(no line of sight, NLOS)环境, 引入参考模型研究其建模设计及其相关统计特性. 文中提出了一种基于几何散射模型的综合改进室内参考信道模型, 假设将无限数量的散射体均匀分布在三维空间的一个二维(two dimensional, 2D)水平面上. 本文推导了电磁波达信号到达角(angle of arrival, AOA) 概率分布函数(probability density function, PDF)、多普勒功率谱密度(power spectral Density, PSD)、 时间自相关函数(autocorrelation function, ACF)的解析表达式, 并分析其重要参数对函数的影响. 此外, 本文还通过非现实参考模型提出了一种高效的SOC(Sum of Cisoids) 信道仿真模型, 同时提出了设计SOC信道仿真模型的两种有效参数计算方法, 并比较两者的计算性能. 仿真结果表明, 信道仿真模型的统计特性与参考模型相匹配, 即室内参考模型可以通过的SOC信道仿真模型来近似, 同时信道仿真模型可以很好的应用于评估室内无线通信系统的性能, 拓宽了室内无线信道建模的研究, 同时减少实现开支.