Study of readout and cross-talks for multi-strip RPC with PSpice simulation

An electrical model for multi-strip resistive plate chamber (RPC) is presented, and a comparison between simulation results and test data is carried on. Based on the model, the influences of the RPC's design parameters on the readout are studied with PSpice simulation. Cross-talk (CT) phenomenon is observed and the relative amplitudes of the CT are studied for different design parameters.     

RPC读出条的阻抗匹配

文章对高阻板探测器读出条的阻抗匹配问题进行了研究;引入了一个用于计算带状线特性阻抗的经验公式.测量的特性阻抗与经验公式很好地符合,说明这个经验公式可以用于RPC读出条特性阻抗的计算,以改善RPC读出信号的质量,利于RPC探测器性能的测量.     

PIN限幅器PSpice模拟与实验研究

 从PIN二极管基区双极载流子扩散方程出发,通过拉普拉斯变换求解得到PIN二极管子电路模型,从而通过PSpice软件瞬态数值模拟得到了PIN限幅器的尖峰泄漏、平顶泄漏与脉冲功率、上升时间关系。对于I层厚度一定的限幅器,模拟与实验表明脉冲前沿越大,尖峰泄漏功率插入损耗越大,脉冲前沿过缓则可能没有尖峰泄漏现象;尖峰泄漏功率随着输入功率的增加而变大,但尖峰泄漏功率插损也随之增大;尖峰脉冲宽度与I层厚度、输入功率及脉冲前沿均有关系。限幅器尖峰泄漏与平顶泄漏模拟结果与实验数据基本一致。     

基于PSpice的电爆丝断路开关数值仿真

电爆丝断路开关是在电感储能系统中广泛应用的断路开关,其具有结构简单、成本低、截断能力强的特点。介绍了电爆丝工作的基本原理,其本质为一个快速增长的电阻,利用高阻抗来实现断流。通过PSpice软件建立了电流通过电爆丝断路开关工作时,其电阻变化的模型,从而可以仿真电爆丝断路开关的工作过程。设计了一组电爆丝断路开关的实验,PSpice模型仿真结果同实验结果进行了比较。结果发现,该模型起爆时刻,产生电压幅值等方面和实验结果比较接近,说明该模型比较科学合理,对以后的电爆丝断路开关的设计具有较大的参考价值。分析了产生误差的原因及该种仿真方法的局限性。     

基于PSpice的电爆丝断路开关数值仿真

电爆丝断路开关是在电感储能系统中广泛应用的断路开关, 其具有结构简单、成本低、截断能力强的特点。介绍了电爆丝工作的基本原理, 其本质为一个快速增长的电阻, 利用高阻抗来实现断流。通过PSpice软件建立了电流通过电爆丝断路开关工作时, 其电阻变化的模型, 从而可以仿真电爆丝断路开关的工作过程。设计了一组电爆丝断路开关的实验, PSpice模型仿真结果同实验结果进行了比较。结果发现, 该模型起爆时刻, 产生电压幅值等方面和实验结果比较接近, 说明该模型比较科学合理, 对以后的电爆丝断路开关的设计具有较大的参考价值。分析了产生误差的原因及该种仿真方法的局限性。     

非线性含磁芯线圈的PSpice模拟

 将感应加速腔的磁芯回路视为一段单匝的非线性电感线圈,利用PSpice的一些通用元器件组成的子电路对含有磁芯的非线性线圈进行模拟，使其具有饱和、磁滞及频率损耗等非线性特征。通过一些直观的参数设置，可使线圈模型适用于不同的频率范围。介绍了利用线圈模型对直线感应加速器加速组元系统的模拟，得到了与实验相符合的结果。     

Study of a multi-wire proportional chamber with a cathode strip and delay-line readout

The design principle for a multi-wire proportional chamber with a cathode strip and delay-line readout is described. A prototype chamber of a size of 10 cm ～ l0 cm was made together with the readout electronics circuit. A very clean signal with very low background noise was obtained by applying a transformer between the delay-line and the pre-amplifier in order to match the resistance. Along the anode wire direction a position resolution of less than 0.5 mm was achieved with a 55Fe-5.9 keV X ray source. The simple structure, large effective area and high position resolution allow the application of a gas chamber of this kind to many purposes.     

羊八井50m~2RPC地毯性能研究YBJ-ARGO合作组(英文)

利用羊八井５０ｍ２ＲＰＣ地毯（ＹＢＪ－ＡＲＧＯ实验原型）的测试数据对其性能进行了分析研究,包括原初粒子方位角分布、天顶角分布、地毯的角分辨、探测时间系统误差对方位角分布的正弦调制、探测时间系统误差的离线修正、几何不对称的小型地毯探测器上原初粒子到达方向重建误差造成的方位角分布的不均匀性等．     

Study of a multi-wire proportional chamber with a cathode strip and delay-line readout

The design principle for a multi-wire proportional chamber with a cathode strip and delay-line readout is described. A prototype chamber of a size of 10 cm×10 cm was made together with the readout electronics circuit. A very clean signal with very low background noise was obtained by applying a transformer between the delay-line and the pre-amplifier in order to match the resistance. Along the anode wire direction a position resolution of less than 0.5 mm was achieved with a ^55Fe-5.9 keV X ray source. The simple structure, large effective area and high position resolution allow the application of a gas chamber of this kind to many purposes.     

羊八井ARGO实验RPC模拟读出

羊八井ARGO实验正处于探测器安装及试运行阶段,整个阵列由1848个工作于流光模式的单层RPC探测器构成.依靠RPC读出条的数字读出只能测量小簇射事例的次级粒子数目,为了实现逐事例区分“膝区”原初宇宙线的成分及其能谱研究,对探测器增加了模拟读出,以实现对EAS芯区高达10⁴/m2的次级粒子数密度的精确测量.本文对RPC探测器性能及大动态范围模拟读出板的信号和性能做了初步的分析和研究     

羊八井ARGO实验RPC性能

羊八井ARGO实验采用全覆盖式RPC阵列探测小型空气簇射事例,本文报告了在羊八井高海拔条件下RPC的工作性能,包括电流、效率、读出条重数和时间分辨随高压的变化.通过在气体中添加SF6组分和调节接收系统下拉阈值可以有效遏制由于探测器地浮动引起的伴随多重数.     

Design and preliminary test results of Daya Bay RPC modules

Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) modules will be used as one part of the cosmic muon veto system in the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment. A total of 189 RPC modules will cover the three water pools in the experiment. To achieve track reconstruction and high efficiency, each module consists of 4 layers, each of which contains two sizes of bare chambers. The placement of bare chambers is reversed in different layers to reduce the overlapping dead areas. The module efficiency and patch efficiency were studied both in simulation and test of the data analysis. 143 modules have been constructed and tested. The preliminary study shows that the module and patch 3 out of 4 layers efficiency reaches about 98%.     

Study of RPC gas composition using Daya Bay RPCs

This study uses Daya Bay RPCs operating in streamer mode to investigate gas mixtures of at least 50% argon,at most 6% isobutane,and with small amounts of SF6.Isobutane is reduced to 2% without degradation of performance,and SF6 reduces the noise rate and current,as well as the signal size.This study provides quantitative relationships between basic RPC operating parameters and various gas compositions.     

Study of RPC gas composition using Daya Bay RPCs

This study uses Daya Bay RPCs operating in streamer mode to investigate gas mixtures of at least 50% argon, at most 6% isobutane, and with small amounts of SF6. Isobutane is reduced to 2% without degradation of performance, and SF6 reduces the noise rate and current, as well as the signal size. This study provides quantitative relationships between basic RPC operating parameters and various gas compositions.     

Status on the development of front-end and readout electronics for large silicon trackers

Final results on a CMOS 0.18 μm front-end chip for silicon strips readout are summarized and preliminary results on time measurement are discussed. The status of the next version in 0.13 μm is briefly presented.      

Hardware for multi-superconducting qubit control and readout

We have developed an electronic hardware system for the control and readout of multi-superconducting qubit devices. The hardware system is based on the design ideas of good scalability, high synchronization and low latency. The system, housed inside a VPX-6U chassis, includes multiple arbitrary-waveform generator (AWG) channels, analog-digital-converter (ADC) channels as well as direct current source channels. The system can be used for the control and readout of up to twelve superconducting transmon qubits in one chassis, and control and readout of more and more qubit can be carried out by interconnecting the chassis. By using field programmable gate array (FPGA) processors, the system incorporates three features that are specifically useful for superconducting qubit research. Firstly, qubit signals can be processed using the on-board FPGA after being acquired by ADCs, significantly reducing data processing time and data amount for storage and transmission. Secondly, different output modes, such as direct output and sequential output modes, of AWG can be implemented with pre-encoded FPGA. Thirdly, with data acquisition ADCs and control AWGs jointly controlled by the same FPGA, the feedback latency can be reduced, and in our test a 178.4 ns latency time is realized. This is very useful for future quantum feedback experiments. Finally, we demonstrate the functionality of the system by applying the system to the control and readout of a 10 qubit superconducting quantum processor.     

大面积玻璃RPC模型与性能测试

介绍了可用于粒子探测的大面积玻璃高阻板探测器RPC(Resistive Plate Chamber).使用两块间隔2mm的普通浮法玻璃作为电极,其中充入流动的混合气体(氩气+异丁烷+F134A),工作高压约9600V;性能测试结果,其单室效率可达97%,时间分辨可达到1.8ns.     

Proposal of the readout electronics for the WCDA in the LHAASO experiment

The LHAASO （Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory） experiment is proposed for a very high energy gamma ray source survey, in which the WCDA （Water Cherellkov Detector Array） is one of the major coinponents. In the WCDA, a total of 3600 PMTs are placed under water in four ponds, each with a size of 150m×150 m. Precise time and cimrge measurement is required for the PMT signals, over a large signal amplitude range from a single P.E. （photo electron） to 4000 P.E. To fulfill the high requirement of a signal measurement in so many front end nodes scattered in a large area, special techniques are developed, such as multiple gain readout, hybrid transmission of clocks, commands and data, precise clock phase alignment and new trigger electronics. We present the readout electronics architecture for the WCDA and several prototype modules, which are now being testedin the laboratory.     

Proposal of the readout electronics for the WCDA in the LHAASO experiment

The LHAASO(Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory)experiment is proposed for a very high energy gamma ray source survey,in which the WCDA(Water Cherenkov Detector Array)is one of the major components.In the WCDA,a total of 3600 PMTs are placed under water in four ponds,each with a size of150 m×l50 m.Precise time and charge measurement is required for the PMT signals,over a large signal amplitude range from a single P.E.(photo electron)to 4000 P.E.To fulfill the high requirement of a signal measurement in so many front end nodes scattered in a large area,special techniques are developed,such as multiple gain readout,hybrid transmission of clocks,commands and data,precise clock phase alignment and new trigger electronics.We present the readout electronics architecture for the WCDA and several prototype modules,which are now being tested in the laboratory.     

非制冷红外探测器读出电路的非均匀性研究

对于长线列的非制冷红外探测器组件, 不同探测元之间的非均匀性是衡量电路设计的关键指标. 为了实现长线列非制冷红外探测器的高性能读出, 本文设计了一种基于电流镜方式的非制冷红外探测器160线列读出电路, 电路由电流镜输入模块、电容负反馈互导放大器模块及相关双采样输出模块组成. 电路采用0.5 μm工艺制作完成. 通过合理设置电路中MOS管的参数和布局电流镜版图, 电路的非均匀性有了明显地改善. 通过测试, 电路的非均匀性小于1%, 器件总功耗约为100 mW, 并具有良好的低噪声特性, 输出噪声小于1 mV, 输出摆幅大于2 V. 该电路与160线列非制冷红外探测器互连后, 能较好地完成红外信号的读出, 在积分时间为20 μups的情况下, 器件的响应为0.294 mV/Ω, 整体性能良好. 该电路的研制对超长线列的非制冷红外冷探测器读出电路研制奠定了重要的技术基础.