共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Kentaro Noda Nguyen Binh-Khiem Yusuke Takei Tomoyuki Takahata Kiyoshi Matsumoto Isao Shimoyama 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2014,115(1):69-76
This paper reports on a detailed deformation model of varifocal liquid lenses fabricated by Parylene-on-liquid-deposition (POLD), which can be applied to measure and adjust the focal length of such lenses without using extra sensors or sensing mechanisms. The lens was fabricated by encapsulating a liquid between a transparent electrode and a polymer film that was covered with a metal electrode. When voltage is applied to the two electrodes, the lens deforms due to the electrostatic force, and its focal length and the capacitance between the two electrodes change simultaneously. This characteristic enables the focal length of the lens to be adjusted and detected by measuring the capacitance change. The focal length of the fabricated varifocal liquid lens changed from 153.6 to 82.6 mm by applying 150-V. The focal length change of the liquid lens was calculated from the change in its capacitance. Finally, to confirm the efficiency of this varifocal liquid lens, we fabricated a confocal distance sensor using the lens for laser scanning and demonstrated that this system can be used to measure distances of 94–140 mm with an average error of 0.83 mm and a standard deviation of 0.77 mm. 相似文献
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自加热式铜蒸气激光器的热气体透镜研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文分析了自加热式铜蒸气激光器放电管内的热气体透镜效应,并指出不同的铜蒸气激光器在稳定工作时可能等效为正透镜,也可能等效为负透镜。在实验部分,本文给出了热气体透镜焦距与输入功率、缓冲气体压强的关系,描绘了热气体透镜从负透镜变化到正透镜的动态过程。 相似文献
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The thermal lens effects in Tm:YAP laser are analyzed by solving the Poisson equation with finite difference method. The thermal focal lengths measured are in the range of 40-90 mm at the pump power of 16-34 W, consistent with the simulation results. The temperature contribution coefficient (the linear coefficient between the maximum temperature in the laser crystal and the pump power) of 1.19 K/W is also obtained. The convex lens and plano-concave mirror thermal lens compensation methods are proposed and applied to a high power pumped Tm:YAP laser. 相似文献
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燃烧流场线CARS测温技术研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
常规CARS采用凸透镜聚焦多束激光于空间一点,在满足相位匹配条件下产生携带该点温度信息的CARS信号。常规CARS一次只能测量一个空间点的温度,难以满足燃烧流场深入研究需要。为了提高CARS测量能力,使得CARS在一次测量中获得更多信息,提出了线CARS测量方法。线CARS测量方法在常规CARS基础上采用柱面凸透镜替换普通凸透镜,使得聚焦位置由焦点变为焦线。由于焦线上的点大部分满足相位匹配关系,因此可以同时获得多点CARS信号。后续光路同样采用柱面凸透镜替换普通凸透镜,通过光谱仪和ICCD相机将CARS信号传输至计算机,解析出聚焦线上CARS信号对应的温度信息,实现CARS测量能力由“点”到“线”的提升。基于平面火焰炉的燃烧实验结果表明:线CARS可以一次有效测量200个空间点的温度信息,空间测量长度约3.6 mm,空间分辨率约18 μm,测量结果相对不确定度优于7%,在保持测量精度的同时有效丰富了单次测量信息。 相似文献
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Y. Matsuoka Y. Kizuka T. Inoue 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2006,84(4):423-430
A Bessel beam is suitable for laser micro-fabrication because it possesses both a micron-sized focal spot and a deep focal depth. As the influence of focusing aberrations is much smaller than that of a convex lens, the generation of a Bessel beam using an axicon is very practical. In the case of laser micro drilling of austenitic stainless steel with a Bessel beam, suitable processing conditions were investigated. The threshold fluence to make a through hole increased with an increase in the sample thickness. For samples with the same thickness, the threshold fluence increased with an increase in the crossing angle. A small crossing angle Bessel beam can drill a deep hole with a small threshold fluence. A through hole with a diameter smaller than 10 μm can be made on a stainless steel sheet 20 μm thick by using a Bessel beam with a large crossing angle. The taper of the hole drilled with the Bessel beam is smaller than that with the focused beam from the convex lens. PACS 52.38.Mf; 42.62.Cf; 42.79.Bh 相似文献
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This paper presents an experimental investigation into a high-bandwidth optical range sensor for laser materials processing stand-off control. Radiation from a low-power laser beam is focused onto a workpiece surface and light reflected from the surface is collected through a main lens and directed into an imaging lens which focuses the signal to two positions after being split by a beam splitter. The irradiances of the two beams are detected by photodiodes placed behind pinhole apertures positioned fore and aft of the two focal positions. A differential amplifier is used to generate an output signal that determines the magnitude and direction of any workpiece displacement. The system facilitates a measuring range of ±6 mm. A set of of experiments are performed and results are analysed for different setup configurations. The approximate range of instrument linearity is ±1 mm for the 75-mm focal length main less and ±2 mm for the 120-mm lens; in this linear range the optimal accuracy resolution is 1 μm. The system's effectiveness is controlling the stand-off distance of a laser cutting machine, and hence cut quality, is assessed. 相似文献
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The application of a closed thick film flowing filtered water to immerse the ablation etching mechanism of an excimer laser poses interesting possibilities concerning debris control, modification of machined feature topography and modification of the ablation rate. Furthermore, these parameters have been shown to be dependent on flow velocity; hence, offering further user control of machining characteristics. However, the impact of this technique requires investigation. This contribution offers comparison of the calculated ablation pressure and the effect on feature surface characteristics given for laser ablation of bisphenol A polycarbonate using KrF excimer laser radiation in ambient air against laser ablation of the same substrate under closed thick film flowing filtered water immersion. Also, an impact of such immersion equipment on the optical performance of the micromachining centre used is quantified and reviewed. The pressure is calculated to have risen by a magnitude of 48, when using the liquid immersed ablation technique. This increase in pressure is proposed to have an increased surface roughness, promoting the number of asperities with a surface area lower than 16 μm2; resulting in a diffuse reflection of light and an apparent darkening of features. The focal length of the optical system was accurately predicted to increase by 2.958 mm, when using the closed flowing liquid immersion equipment. This equipment is predicted to have increased the optical depth of focus via reduction in the angle of convergence of the two defining image rays; yet the perceived focus, measured discretely by mean feature wall angle, was found to be 25% smaller when using the closed thick film flowing filtered water immersion technique instead of similar laser ablation in ambient air. A compressed plume interaction is proposed as a contributing factor in this change. 相似文献
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薄凸透镜是光学仪器中最重要、最基本的元件,在天文、军事、医学等众多领域发挥着重要作用。焦距是薄透镜、反射镜等光学系统最重要的特性参量,因而准确测量薄透镜的焦距则显得尤为重要。实验室测量薄凸透镜焦距的方法有物距像距法、自准直法、光电法、平行光管法等。由于采用前3种方法测量透镜焦距的精度偏低,针对该问题,提出利用平行光管法测量薄凸透镜的焦距,并对实验误差作简单分析。实验结果表明,该方法可以高精度地测量薄凸透镜焦距,相对误差仅为0.138%。因此,采用平行光管法的薄凸透镜焦距测量方法是有效可行的。 相似文献
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For the dual-galvanometric laser scanning manufacturing, the traditional geometry algorithm-fθ only considered the distance between the two swaying mirrors, the distance between the swaying mirror and the convex lens, the mirror swaying angle, and the lens focal length. And it could not correctly express the manufacturing track which was made geometry distorted. Based on analysis, a creative geometry control algorithm - optical entire factors (OEF) was brought forward. From the creative algorithm it can be known that OEF geometry control algorithm was concerned with not only the distance of the two swaying mirrors, distance between the swaying mirror and the convex lens, mirror swaying angle, and lens focal length, but also the lens central height, lens convex radius, and medium refractive index. The manufacturing system can manufacture satisfied geometry with the creative double ends approach (DEA) control model based on OEF in the experiments. 相似文献
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提出了一种基于介电润湿效应的三液体透镜与传统固定透镜组合的三组元结构变焦光学系统.在一、三组元固定不变的情况下,通过移动中间三液体透镜组改变系统焦距,并通过三液体透镜的自变焦特性,确保系统在变焦的同时保持像面位置不变.采用光焦度高斯括号法求解系统的初始结构参量,利用Zemax光学软件进行系统设计与优化,最后对系统的成像质量进行分析.结果表明:该系统总长22mm,可实现2.7~20.3mm范围内的连续变焦,系统变倍比接近8,在空间频率180lp/mm处调制传递函数值均大于0.4. 相似文献
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纯转动拉曼激光雷达是探测大气温度廓线的重要手段之一,其正常工作需要配置其他并行校正设备,制约其在气象及环境监测领域中的实用化进程.基于大气氮气分子的纯转动拉曼谱型对温度的依赖性,提出并设计了绝对探测大气温度廓线的纯转动拉曼激光雷达系统.系统采用波长532 nm且脉冲能量300 m J的激光激励源和口径250 mm卡塞格林望远镜的接收器,设计了衍射光栅和光纤Bragg光栅结合的多通道并行纯转动拉曼光谱分光系统;仿真分析氮气和氧气分子的纯转动拉曼散射谱线间关系,优化选择了6条氮气分子的纯转动拉曼谱线以直接反演大气温度,设计了两级滤光器间转接光纤阵列的结构;基于最小二乘原理推导了绝对探测大气温度的反演算法,并结合标准大气模型,分析了纯转动拉曼激光雷达绝对探测大气温度的探测性能.结果表明,所设计纯转动拉曼激光雷达系统可直接反演大气温度廓线,在测量时间17 min内,温度偏差小于0.5 K的探测高度达2.0 km. 相似文献
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Welter JT Sathish S Christensen DE Brodrick PG Heebl JD Cherry MR 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2011,130(5):2789-2796
Modeling and experimental results of an ultrasonic aperiodic flat lens for use in air are presented. Predictive modeling of the lens is performed using a hybrid genetic-greedy algorithm constrained to a linear structure. The optimized design parameters are used to fabricate a lens. A method combining a fiber-disk arrangement and scanning laser vibrometer measurements is developed to characterize the acoustic field distribution generated by the lens. The focal spot size is determined to be 0.88 of the incident wavelength of 80-90 kHz at a distance of 2.5 mm from the lens. Theoretically computed field distributions, optimized frequency of operation, and spatial resolution focal length are compared with experimental measurements. The differences between experimental measurements and the theoretical computations are analyzed. The theoretical calculation of the focal spot diameter is 1.7 mm which is 48% of the experimental measurement at a frequency of 80-90 kHz. This work illustrates the capabilities of a hybrid algorithm approach to design of flat acoustic lenses to operate in air with a resolution of greater than the incident wavelength and the challenges of characterizing acoustic field distribution in air. 相似文献
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折/衍混合远心消色差f-θ物镜系统设计 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0
设计了一个折/衍混合远心消色差f-θ物镜系统.该系统由一片折射/衍射透镜和三片折射透镜组成.入瞳位于系统前焦面,整个系统满足像方远心.与美国专利(专利号:4,925,279)相比较,垂轴色差由2.40 mm降到0.23 mm,降低了一个数量级;对于0°、14°和20°视场,最大垂轴像差分别由260μm、1350μm、2090μm降低到5μm、250μm、318μm,最大场曲分别由8mm、10mm、13 mm降低到0.5 mm、1 mm、6 mm.该物镜不仅可用于彩色激光打印机、激光数码彩扩等多波长的扫描系统,也可用于能量要求较高的扫描系统.在高能量扫描系统中,通过引用折/衍混合远心消色差f-θ物镜,可用小体积工作于多纵模状态的激光器代替大体积单波长的激光器,使整个扫描系统小型化,并且提高了扫描准确度. 相似文献