变形牛顿环装置干涉结果的仿真模拟

在分析各种变形牛顿环干涉装置的基础上,阐述了它们在测量、检测、表面科学等方面的应用,并借助MATLAB程序语言对各种变形装置的干涉结果进行仿真模拟,有助于物理教学的直观化以及推动牛顿环干涉技术在光学技术方面的广泛应用。     

激光干涉技术在磨边定心中的应用

本文提出一种利用激光干涉技术测定磨边透镜中心偏差的方法。根据等厚干涉的基本原理，用平行的激光束投射到磨边工件表面，可以得到两个干涉同心圆，这两个像分别反映了工件前后表面的球心点位置。适度调节这两个像即可达到透镜允许的中心偏差精度     

基于点光源的迈克耳孙干涉实验条纹的机理分析

一般国内的大学物理和大学物理实验教材都只介绍干涉圆条纹和直线干涉条纹,用迈克耳孙干涉仪可以调制出椭圆和双曲线干涉条纹;但对条纹形成的理论推导很少涉及．本文根据点光源双光束干涉理论,分析基于点光源照明的迈克耳孙干涉实验中所产生的各种可能的干涉条纹：双曲线形干涉条纹、圆形干涉纹、椭圆形干涉纹及直线形干涉纹的形成条件．本文也对等倾干涉条纹、等厚干涉条纹与既非等倾也非等厚干涉条纹的机理进行分析和比较．通过对每一种干涉图样的解析分析和比较,旨在对迈克耳孙干涉实验有更全面和更深刻的了解．     

牛顿等厚干涉平行直纹实验的设计及研究

根据薄膜干涉原理设计了等厚干涉平行直纹实验装置,以等厚干涉为基础,通过读数显微镜装置,拓展了等厚干涉在实验教学中的应用.通过测量左右对称分布且明暗相间的平行直纹到中央零级直纹的距离,可以得到平凸柱面镜的曲率半径以及液体折射率.在平凸柱面镜上平面覆盖一层待测液体,可以增大入射光进入透镜的透射率,增强透射光的光强度,提高干...     

应用菲涅耳三面镜形成云纹干涉空间高频栅进行离面位移及振动的测量技术

本文提出应用菲涅耳三面镜在空间形成云纹干涉高频栅及贴片云纹干涉技术进行离面位移与振动的测量技术,文中就测量原理、定量公式推导、条纹解释、测量精度及灵敏度等方面都作了详细论述,为工程中的位移与振动模态分析提供了一种现场测试新途径。     

应用菲涅耳三面镜形成云纹干涉空间高频栅进行离面位移及振动的测量技术

本文提出应用菲涅耳三面镜在空间形成云纹干涉高频栅及贴片云纹干涉技术进行离面位移与振动的测量技术，文中就测量原理、定量公式推导、条纹解释、测量精度及灵敏度等方面都作了详细论述，为工程中的位移与振动模态分析提供了一种现场测试新途径。     

一种正三角形结构的双光束干涉装置

依据波动光学的原理,介绍了一种能产生双光束干涉现象的正三角形干涉装置,解析推导并分析了该干涉结构发生等倾干涉的条件及干涉斑纹的分布规律;同时讨论了这一光学干涉结构的可能应用,及其对光学干涉的教学研究的补充与辅助作用.     

数字散斑干涉三维变形测量技术研究进展

三维变形可以转换为应力/应变分布,是材料性能测试和结构可靠性分析的关键参数。在众多三维变形测量技术中,数字散斑干涉技术可以高精度地测量三维变形信息,在航空航天、汽车、先进制造、土木工程和生物医学等行业发挥着十分重要的作用。从散斑干涉基本原理出发,详细介绍了几类三维变形散斑干涉测量技术,并分析比较各类方法的优缺点;同时介绍了散斑干涉三维变形测量技术的国内外研究进展和最新应用;最后展望了散斑干涉三维变形测量技术在动态同步测量、测量系统简化以及应用范围扩宽等方面的发展趋势。     

基于白光干涉的ICF靶丸表面缺陷测量方法

针对激光惯性约束聚变实验中的靶丸等微球表面缺陷的真实高度测量问题,为解决现有测量方法存在的缺陷跃变处2π整数倍相位缺失问题,提出一种基于垂直扫描白光干涉技术的零位显微干涉测量方法。该方法采用白光球面零位干涉思想,通过垂直扫描球面干涉获取全视场白光干涉图,然后运用七步移相算法及蝙蝠翼校正算法实现靶丸表面缺陷的形貌计算,最后将白光干涉测量法与激光干涉测量法进行对比实验。结果表明,白光干涉法能够有效解决激光干涉法在缺陷跃变处的2π整数倍相位缺失问题,实现靶丸表面缺陷的真实高度测量,从而扩展靶丸类微球表面缺陷的测量范围。     

透明薄膜的干涉相干峰分离算法

白光干涉技术具有高度唯一性,广泛地被使用在三维表面形貌和台阶高度的测量。但是测量透明薄膜时,薄膜表面和基面都有光线反射与参考光线交汇,在被测表面的同一个位置不同高度两次产生干涉条纹,其干涉相干图中出现两个峰值。通过分析透明薄膜产生的干涉相干图的特点,提出了两种算法用来分离不同表面产生的干涉条纹。理论分析和试验结果表明,利用垂直扫描白光干涉法测量透明薄膜,由峰值分离算法和定位算法分别提取薄膜的上下表面,能够得到透明薄膜的高精度三维形貌和厚度信息。     

Theoretical study of the satellites and hypersatellites in the K-LL Auger spectrum of magnesium

This paper reports calculations of the energies of the satellite and hypersatellite lines in the K-LL Auger spectrum of magnesium. The results show that it may be possible to observe many more satellite and hypersatellite lines in the Auger spectrum which have not been hitherto reported experimentally.     

Image guide couplers with dielectric coupling elements and radiation reduction

Directional couplers in image guide technique for millimeter-wave circuits are discussed, and steps to improve their properties are demonstrated. The simple two-line-9 dB coupler with periodical coupling is compared to a design with an intermediate dielectric coupling element to reduce the frequency dependence. Radiation from the waveguide bends can be reduced significantly by inserting absorber materials at critical points. Experimental results for a-3 dB coupler are also given.     

输电线路等效电阻的计算

本文通过对趋肤效应的分析 ,讨论了输电线路中的焦耳热 ,并给出其等效电阻的计算结果     

基于传输线的特异材料

特异材料（metamaterials）是指自然界中不存在的具有奇异电磁特性的人工结构，通常指的是介电常数和磁导率同时为负值的左手材料（left-handed materials）。自从2002年利用传输线制备左手材料的思想被提出后，人们对基于传输线的特异材料进行了大量的研究。文章着重概述了近年来人们所提出的几种典型的传输线特异材料的结构、制备方法、实现左手性的原理以及各自的特点。     

晶体中离子质量差异与激活离子光谱线热加宽和热位移

证明了基质晶体离子的质量差异对其中的激活离子光谱线的热加宽和热位移有贡献，对于单声子吸收或发射机制产生的热加宽和热位移而言，其贡献可以用一个乘积因子D^2表示，对于喇曼散射机制引起的热加宽，其贡献可以用乘积因子D^4表示，文中分别给出两种离子组成的晶体和三种离子组成的晶体的D的表示式。     

用计算机模拟点电荷在二维平面上的静电场

二维平面上的点电荷的静电场是静电场问题的基础，作者独立开发了软件用以模拟，此程序由用户决定点电荷的所有参数，快速地生成视阈内的等势线与电场线，使用户方便的获得电场直观印象，并可以得到任意点的电势与场强，该程序操作简单，对于学生、教师的学与教都能起到很好的辅助作用。     

Theoretical calculations of the energies of the ∝ satellite and hypersatellite lines of magnesium

The satellite and hypersatellite x-ray lines which lie on the high energy side of the dipole ∝_1,2 lines are generally attributed to multiple ionization. In this paper, an attempt is made to calculate the energies of these lines in the x-ray spectrum of the magnesium atom using screened hydrogenic wavefunctions. Besides the good agreement found between our calculated values and the experimental results, our calculations give some additional lines not reported earlier.     

Image guide couplers with isotropic and anisotropic coupling elements

Among other waveguide elements directional couplers are required in integrated millimeterwave circuits in image guide technique. Hereby an I-guide is used which consists of a dielectric slab between two conducting plates on which the electric field is perpendicularily. Flat coupling behaviour and better isolation can be reached by use of a dielectric coupling element and absorber materials. Thereby the frequency dependence is reduced significantly. Further the coupling can be steered by an additional premagnetized ferrite slab. In this way switched couplers can be realized.     

Influence of limited defects in crystals on the Kikuchi lines

The electron-diffraction patterns from silicon with curved Kikuchi lines were obtained. It is revealed that curving of Kikuchi lines takes place simultaneously with the shift of point reflections from their normal positions. It is found that curving of Kikuchi lines is caused by limited defects in silicon crystals.     

Chemical enrichment at high redshifts

We have tried to understand the recent observations related to metallicity in Ly-α forest clouds in the framework of the two component model. The model consists of mini-halos having circular velocities smaller than ∼ 55 km s⁻¹, with no star formation and galactic halos with higher circular velocities ≤ 250 km s⁻¹, having clouds, star formation and consequent metal enrichment. We find that even if the mini-halos were chemically enriched by an earlier generation of stars, to have [C/H] ≃ −2.5, the number of C IV lines with column density >10¹² cm⁻², contributed by the mini-halos, at the redshift of 3, would be only about 10% of the total number of lines, for a chemical enrichment rate of (1 + z)⁻³ in the galaxies. Recently reported absence of heavy element lines associated with most of the Ly-α lines with HI column density between 10^13.5 cm⁻² and 10¹⁴ cm⁻² by Lu et al [13], if correct, gives an upper limit on [C/H]= −3.7, not only in the mini-halos, but also in the outer parts of galactic halos. However, the mean value of 7×10⁻³ for the column density ratio of C IV and HI, determined by Cowie and Songaila (1998) for low Ly-α optical depths, implies an abundance of [C/H]= −2.5 in mini-halos as well as most of the region in galactic halos. The redshift and column density distribution of C IV has been shown to be in reasonable agreement with the observations.