NaBH_4/I_2介导的醇的碘化反应（英文）

有机碘化合物在有机合成中具有重要作用,可用于碳-碳键和碳-杂原子键的形成反应中,发展有机碘化物的高效制备尤为重要.报道了一种利用廉价、安全和易得的硼氢化钠和碘单质在1,4-二氧六环中将醇类化合物转化为对应碘化物的反应.该方法对于苄醇类化合物和烷基醇类化合物十分有效,而烯丙基类醇和二级三级醇则不反应.     

定向合成带电荷多孔芳香骨架材料用于碘单质的捕获和释放

采用四(4-碘苯基)硼化锂作为四面体基块, 以1,4-苯二硼酸和4,4'-联苯二硼酸作为桥联基团, 通过Suzuki偶联反应成功制备了两种带电荷多孔芳香骨架材料PAF-21和PAF-22. 实验结果证明PAFs具有优异的热稳定性和化学稳定性, 同时材料特有的带电荷芳香骨架导致它们对碘单质具有非常高的亲和力以及吸附能力. 1 g的PAF-21和PAF-22可以分别吸附大约1.52和1.96 g的碘单质. 此外, PAF-21和PAF-22在富集碘单质的过程中可以循环使用. 这类材料非常适合作为新型固体吸附剂用于捕获放射性碘单质.     

碘作为催化剂在有机合成中的应用

综述了单质碘作为催化剂在有机合成中的应用研究. 碘催化的反应主要涉及醚的去保护基, 酯化和酯交换反应、缩醛(酮)的形成、亲电取代反应、烯烃的氮杂环丙烷化、烯糖的糖苷化反应等.     

碘催化芳基磺酰氯与富电子化合物的硫醚化反应

报道了在单质碘的催化下,以三苯基膦作为还原剂,通过芳基磺酰氯与各类富电子化合物的硫醚化反应,合成多种含硫化合物的方法.该方法具有较广的底物普适性,原料来源广泛、易得,操作简便以及反应高效等优点.     

无金属条件下I2/TBHP体系促进磺酰肼与烯醇硅醚自由基偶联反应合成α-磺酰基酮

在以单质碘(I₂)为催化剂, 叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)为氧化剂条件下, 使烯醇硅醚与各种取代的磺酰肼发生自由基磺酰化反应, 经自由基加成和氧化反应, 再水解脱去三甲基碘硅烷(Me₃SiI), 在最优条件下, 以22%~72%的收率合成了22种具有不同取代基的α-磺酰基酮衍生物, 采用核磁共振波谱表征了终产物的结构. 实验结果表明, 该方法具有良好的底物普适性, 氟、 氯、 硝基、 三氟甲基、 呋喃和萘等取代基团均能顺利发生转化, 得到相应的目标产物.     

碘催化的2-炔基苯胺与二硒醚的亲电环化反应

研究了碘催化的2-炔基苯胺与二硒醚的亲电环化反应. 结果表明, 在碘单质(0.2 mmol)、 2-炔基苯胺(0.2 mmol)、 二硒醚(0.1 mmol)和甲苯(2 mL)共存体系中, 反应温度为110℃时, 2-炔基苯胺与二硒醚能发生亲电环化反应, 生成相应的3-硒取代吲哚化合物, 产率为中等到良好. 该反应在无金属催化的条件下进行, 为合成官能团吲哚提供了一种新途径.     

卤素单质水溶液的颜色研究

在卤素单质间置换反应实验环境下,将氯水、溴水、碘水从有色饱和溶液逐步稀释到无色“溶液”,观察到一系列不同浓度下氯水、溴水、碘水的颜色。指出了卤素单质颜色的变化趋势、主要显色、相互共色等问题。     

FeCl3作用下的碘代醚化反应: 一种合成碘代环烯醚的方便方法

对FeCl₃作用下各种炔醇与碘的反应进行了详细研究, 结果表明在FeCl₃和碘的作用下, 炔醇发生分子内碘代环化反应生成碘代环烯醚, 产率为63%～90%. 在相同的反应条件下, 炔丙醇类则生成邻二碘化物, 产率为15%～88%. 该反应具有操作简单、底物适应广、反应快(3 h)和碘用量(0.5 equiv.)少等特点, 是制备碘代环烯醚和2,3-二碘代烯醇的好方法.     

碘催化乙烯基叠氮与芳基亚磺酸钠反应合成β-磺酰基烯胺

发展了一种使用廉价碘单质作为催化剂,乙烯基叠氮作为自由基受体,芳基亚磺酸钠作为自由基源,合成Z型结构的N..未保护的-磺酰基烯胺类化合物的方法.该反应中乙醇作为溶剂,双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺(Tf2NH)作为添加剂,在40℃下反应4～6 h,可以以优良的产率得到β-磺酰基烯胺类化合物.该方法无需使用金属催化剂,具有条件简单、...     

单质碘促进的β-酮酸酯、查尔酮以及醋酸铵的三组分反应合成多取代吡啶

发展了一种单质碘促进的三组分反应,以β-酮酸酯、查尔酮以及醋酸铵为底物,构筑多取代吡啶.本方法具有原料廉价易得,底物范围广,反应操作简便等特点.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.