Al89La6Ni5非晶合金的第一性原理分子动力学模拟

采用第一性原理分子动力学（AIMD）方法模拟 Al89La6Ni5 合金的退火过程，结合双体相关函数和配位多面体（团簇）分布分析了体系短程有序结构随温度的演化. 结构分析表明，非晶态 Al89La6Ni5 原子短程有序结构近似密堆排列；在非晶形成过程中，Al 原子周围短程有序结构几乎没有发生变化，而 La 和 Ni 原子周围环境发生明显改变，由此推测，La 原子的加入改变了 Ni 原子周围的短程有序结构，因而增加了 Al-La-Ni 体系的非晶形成能力；Al 原子和 Ni 原子间存在 Al-Ni 共价键作用，电子态密度的计算说明，费米面附近 Al-p 和 Ni-d 之间电子的相互作用是 Al-Ni 原子间形成局域共价键的原因.     

La、Al在Fe晶界上协同作用的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理,研究了稀土La和Al在bcc-Fe中Fe晶界处的协同作用影响.计算了La和Al在晶界、表面、晶内的形成能,建立La、Al共存于晶界模型,通过电荷密度、布居分布手段分析了La、Al原子对晶界的影响.结果表明:La、Al原子易偏聚在晶界处,且La-Al的原子间距与体系结合能成正比关系. La的掺杂改善了晶界处的电荷分布情况,促进了Al原子与周围Fe原子间的相互作用,态密度曲线的计算结果显示,La原子的加入能够使La、Fe及Al原子间的键的结合力更强,从而提高了界面结合强度.     

Zr基大块非晶中添加元素对非晶形成能力及耐蚀性的影响

运用实空间递归方法研究了添加元素Nb,Ta,Y,La对Zr基非晶合金的非晶形成能力和耐腐蚀性能的影响.用计算机编程构造了Zr基非晶中初始晶化相Zr₂Ni的原子结构模型,用Zr₂Ni中的二十面体原子团簇模拟非晶中的二十面体团簇.计算了替代二十面体中心或顶角位置原子前后Ni,Zr及合金元素的局域态密度、团簇中心Ni与近邻Zr原子及Ni与替代元素Nb,Ta,Y,La间的键级积分,还计算了合金元素替代前后团簇的费米能级.局域态密度计算结果表明：合金元素Cu占据二十面体团 关键词： 电子结构 Zr基大块非晶 非晶形成能力 耐蚀性     

铝基非晶合金微观结构的特点与演变

选择Al90Fe5Ce5和Al83Zn7Ce10非晶合金来研究铝基非晶合金的微观结构的特点和微观结构的演变.在Al90Fe5Ce5非晶合金中,发现亚稳Al6Fe相与被铝相包裹的二十面体准晶相共存.在Al83Zn7Ce10非晶合金中,金属间化合物Al2ZnCe2为凝固过程中的初生相.金属间化合物Al2ZnCe2可以伴随纳米晶粒铝的晶化而析出.抑制在冷却过程中所形成的各种晶核的成长是铝基合金具有很强的非晶形成能力的主要原因.多种相的竞争形核和有限生长导致了铝基合金具有复杂的结构特点 关键词： 铝基非晶合金 二十面体准晶 预峰 化学短程序     

Al-Ni-RE非晶合金的晶化行为和热稳定性

本文制备了一系列Al-Ni-RE (RE=La, Ce, Y) 非晶合金薄带, 利用差示量热扫描仪和X射线衍射仪考察了非晶合金的晶化行为和初生相, 并分析了其与合金成分和原子特性间的关系. 结果表明: 在拓扑不稳定参数λ以有效原子半径修正为λ'后, 每一Al-Ni-RE非晶合金体系可由其两个临界值划分为纳米晶、纳米玻璃和玻璃三类; Al-Ni-RE非晶合金的晶化开始温度和混合焓与λ'成良好的线性关系, 即λ'能很好的表征Al基非晶合金的热稳定性. 关键词： Al基非晶 玻璃转变 初生相 热稳定性     

基于成分连续变化计算黏度的合金系临界冷速模型

在大块非晶临界冷却速率的非等温转变计算模型基础上提出了基于成分连续变化计算黏度的合金系临界冷速模型. 依据此模型对Zr-Ni-Al-Cu四元合金的临界冷却速率进行了计算并预测了Zr_66.67(Ni_{xAlyCuz)33.33合金系中容易形成非晶的成分范围. 计算值与实验值符合得较好. 计算结果表明，此合金系具有很强的非晶形成能力，特别是在靠近共晶点的中心区域，临界冷却速率小于100 K/s，为容易形成非晶的成分范围. 冷却过程中，在高于1000K温度区间，没有发生明显的结晶现象，而在980 K至870 K温度范围内，结晶分数快速增大，低于870 K时不再发生明显改变. 此外，分析了合金系中Al，Cu，Ni原子摩尔分数的变化对临界冷速的影响. 关键词： 大块非晶 黏度 临界冷却速率 非晶形成能力}     

Ni5Nd2B4的电子结构和磁性能研究

采用LSDA（Local spin-density approximation）近似及LSDA+U（在位库伦势）近似模拟金属间化合物Ni5Nd2B4的磁性能对于R-M-B合金特性的研究具有重要意义。研究结果显示,LSDA近似下,Ni5Nd2B4具备金属导体性质,晶体结构中最紧邻Ni、B原子间杂化成键,最紧邻Ni-Ni共价成键,Nd、B原子形成成键分子轨道作用,Ni原子间存在自旋消弱现象;LSDA+U近似下,Nd原子磁矩提供体系磁性来源,由于自旋排斥作用Ni原子电子与Nd原子电子自旋方向相反,体系在U值约为6.35eV的作用下能较理想的处理体系电子作用。     

Ni5Nd2B4的电子结构和磁性能研究

采用LSDA（Local spin-density approximation）近似及LSDA+U（在位库伦势）近似模拟金属间化合物Ni5Nd2B4的磁性能对于R-M-B合金特性的研究具有重要意义。研究结果显示,LSDA近似下,Ni5Nd2B4具备金属导体性质,晶体结构中最紧邻Ni、B原子间杂化成键,最紧邻Ni-Ni共价成键,Nd、B原子形成成键分子轨道作用,Ni原子间存在自旋消弱现象;LSDA+U近似下,Nd原子磁矩提供体系磁性来源,由于自旋排斥作用Ni原子电子与Nd原子电子自旋方向相反,体系在U值约为6.35eV的作用下能较理想的处理体系电子作用。     

B_2-AgMg金属间化合物点缺陷行为的理论研究

运用密度泛函理论研究了B_2-AgMg金属间化合物中Mg原子空位,反位和Al原子空位,反位缺陷对AgMg热力学性能的影响.结果表明:Mg和Ag反位缺陷由于与周围原子形成典型的共价键而更易于形成.这四种缺陷的出现,破坏了晶体的有序结构,导致了B_2-AgMg金属间化合物的硬度,脆性以及德拜温度出现了不同程度的降低.     

耐蚀合金Al3Ni和Ni3Al液态冷凝过程的比较研究

采用F S多体势对液态合金Al3Ni和Ni3Al在不同冷却速度下的微观结构及其转变机制进行了分子动力学模拟 ,得到了不同冷速下各温度的双体分布函数 ;采用HA键型指数法对其结构进行了分析 ,结果表明 :Al3Ni在两种冷速下均以非晶的形式出现 ,只是慢冷时体系的有序度略有升高 ;而Ni3Al的结构及能量转变受冷速影响较大 ,快冷时形成非晶 ,而慢冷时出现明显结晶 ;同样冷速下Al含量较少的Ni3Al体系的有序度高 ,更易形成晶体 ,晶体的形成过程中有能量突变 .     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.