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在有无5 mmol·L-1 CuSO4存在的两种情况下,运用荧光光谱研究了烟草多酚氧化酶在盐酸胍诱导下的变性和复性平衡。烟草多酚氧化酶在6.0 mol·L-1盐酸胍变性30 min(25 ℃)即完全失活。荧光光谱结果表明:铜离子能够提高烟草多酚氧化酶的结构稳定性和抗盐酸胍变性的能力,进而影响烟草多酚氧化酶在盐酸胍诱导下的变性和复性过程。没有外源铜存在的情况下,盐酸胍诱导的烟草多酚氧化酶变性和复性是一个可逆的二态过程;在5 mmol·L-1 CuSO4存在的条件下,由于结合了Cu2+的酶的中间态稳定性增加,显示特征荧光,结果显示,外源铜存在时,盐酸胍诱导的烟草多酚氧化酶变性和复性是一个可逆的三态过程。根据相应模型,进行了热力学计算。上述实验结果得到酶活性测定的进一步证实,在6 mol·L-1盐酸胍中放置5,10,15,20,25,30 min,烟草多酚氧化酶的剩余活性分别为18.7%,11.7%,8.9%,6.6%,3.6%,0.06%,但在5 mmol·L-1 CuSO4存在的条件下,剩余活性则分别为60.3%,44.6%,42.5%,40.2%,25.6%,25.3%。 相似文献
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烟草中总挥发酸含量与烟草质量密切相关,它对烟草的口味、刺激性和香气都有重要影响,烟草中挥发有机酸测定具有重要意义。总挥发酸的测定一般先在磷酸介质中水蒸气蒸馏分离,然后采用酚酞作指示剂氢氧化钠滴定。传统的水蒸气蒸馏装置蒸馏总挥发酸耗时长,精密度较差;挥发酸多数 相似文献
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会议交流论文共33篇, 现分述如下: (1) 墨西哥T Martinez, Teothuacan城太阳金字塔下洞穴中渗入的水的物质应用全反射X射线荧光谱与其他技术测定; (2) 墨西哥T Martinez, 应用全反射X射线荧光谱技术于烟草试样中痕量元素的测定; 相似文献
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王良贵 《广东微量元素科学》2005,12(9):51-53
为探讨烟草和香烟中微量元素锌的存在形态,采用不同极性溶剂做萃取剂,分别萃取了白肋烟叶和两种品牌香烟中的锌,并用火焰原子吸收分光光度法(FAAS)测定了萃取液中的锌含量。结果表明,烟草和香烟丝中锌主要是以水溶态的无机Zn^2+或水溶态的低相对分子质量有机态结合锌形式存在;烟草对锌的利用率高。 相似文献
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A simple and efficient HPLC method using a diode array detector (DAD) was developed for simultaneous determination of six polyphenols in tobaccos. Ultrasonic extraction was employed at 25 degrees C to extract the polyphenols present in tobaccos into anhydrous methanol. A novel filtration device linked to a clean-up cartridge was designed for simultaneous extract filtration and clean-up. Optimized HPLC-DAD analysis, with multi-wavelength detection, was used for determination of the polyphenols. Because the content of some of the polyphenols is too low to be quantified directly, a concentration step was necessary. Anhydrous methanol was employed for extraction of the polyphenols because of its high extraction efficiency and its low boiling point in the concentration step. Using the proposed method, six polyphenols were quantified in tobaccos (Nicotina tobaccum L.). 相似文献
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Comparison of methods for extraction of tobacco alkaloids 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Ultrasound and microwave techniques were used to extract tobacco alkaloids, and response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction conditions. Ultrasonic technique factors were temperature, 30-85 degrees C; time, 3-45 min; solvent volume, 8-80 mL. Microwave extraction factors were pressure, 15-75 psi; time, 3-40 min; power, 30-90% of the maximum magnetron power of 650 W. Soxhlet and solvent AOAC-modified extraction methods were also applied after some improvements. Nicotine, nornicotine, anabasine, and anatabine were quantified by gas chromatography. A steam distillation International Standards Organization method for total alkaloid evaluation was used as reference. The results obtained by the different methods were compared using a least squares deviation test. The ultrasonic and the proposed modified-AOAC extraction method were the more convenient with regard to practicability and precision. The relative deviations (n = 5) were as follows: For the ultrasonic method in low-level alkaloid tobaccos, 0.7% nicotine and 1.4-14% minor alkaloids; in high-level alkaloid tobaccos, 2.4% nicotine and 4.5-5.1% minor alkaloids. For the modified AOAC method in low-level alkaloid tobaccos, 0.9% nicotine and 2.4-11.6% minor alkaloids; and in high-level alkaloid tobaccos, 1.7% nicotine and 2.0-2.4% minor alkaloids. 相似文献
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Sugars, alditols, and alcohols in tobacco products were quantified utilizing a method of high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). The optimized analytical method can be used to classify different tobaccos and control the quality of tobaccos. To substantiate the applicability of the method, the analysis of 27 tobacco samples with satisfactory linearity, repeatability, and accuracy had been demonstrated. Compared with some other analytical methods for tobacco, the HPAEC-PAD method provided a simple and powerful tool for the analysis of not only sugars but also alcohols in tobacco extracts. 相似文献
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Analysis of free and bound volatiles by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in uncased and cased tobaccos 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
The free and bound volatiles of tobaccos were analyzed by capillary GC and GC-MS. Bound volatiles were isolated by dichloromethane extraction followed by stream distillation continuous extraction (SDE) at pH 2.5 acid hydrolysis. The bound aromatic compounds were hydrolyzed by acid at pH 2.5, and the bound volatiles were liberated and extracted into dichloromethane by SDE simultaneously. In total, 23 volatiles were identified, with neophytadiene, 2-ethyl hexanol, damascenone, benzene ethanol, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, farnesyl acetone, 3-oxo-ionol, and megastigmatrienone being the major components. They consisted mainly of compounds exhibiting aromatic characteristics. The quality and quantity of free and bound volatiles exhibited different distributions in uncased or cased tobaccos. The volatiles existed in higher amounts in bound form than in free form. Compared with uncased tobaccos, free form volatiles showed a decrease after the casing process, while bound volatiles showed an increase. 相似文献
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Zhang Y Gao X Hardcastle K Wang B 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2006,12(5):1377-1384
Four new naphthalene-based boronic acid compounds (1-4) were synthesized. The effect of various carbohydrates on their fluorescence properties has been studied in aqueous phosphate buffer at pH 7.4. Different substitutions on the aniline group of the naphthalene ring resulted in significant differences in fluorescence properties for these four compounds. Compound 1 shows ratiometric fluorescence changes upon addition of a sugar. Compounds 2 and 3 do not show ratiometric fluorescence changes but show very large fluorescence intensity changes (about 70-fold fluorescence intensity increase). In addition to the quantifiable fluorescence property changes upon sugar addition, the fluorescence color changes of 1-3 are also visible to the naked eye. However, amidation of the aniline nitrogen atom significantly diminishes the fluorescence intensity of compound 4. The crystal structure of one boronic acid provided some insight into the structural features that are important for the fluorescence properties of these compounds. 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(15):2727-2741
Abstract The solution fluorescence properties of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) were compared with the solid-matrix luminescence properties of PhIP. The fluorescence properties were obtained in ethanol and several binary solutions of ethanol:water. An ethanol solution of PhIP gave a very strong fluorescence signal and the ethanol:water solutions only showed a small increase in the fluorescence signal. Acidic solutions of PhIP in ethanol:water (7:3) showed a major decrease in fluorescence intensity with at HCl of 10?4 M and greater, but NaOH solutions of PhIP did not affect the fluorescence intensity to any great extent. Both acidic and basic solutions gave fluorescence emission spectra that were shifted to longer wavelengths. Solid-matrix room-temperature fluorescence (SMRTF) and solid-matrix room-temperature phosphorescence (SMRTP) were readily obtained on filter paper. SMRTP showed some distinct advantages over SMRTF and gave a limit of detection of 0.2 ng on filter paper. Several aspects of both solution luminescence and solid-matrix luminescence of PhIP are discussed. 相似文献
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Trace elements present in Indian cigarette tobacco and cigarette smoke have been reported earlier. This paper presents trace element concentrations in chewing and snuff tobaccos determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. The levels of Br, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, etc., present in different brands of chewing and snuff tobaccos are compared in two types of tobacco as well as with similar data from other countries. 相似文献
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Polymers and plastics are receiving increased attention as materials for microfluidics and microTAS applications. Given the ubiquity of fluorescence detection techniques in micro-analytical systems, the fluorescence properties of polymers and plastics should not be overlooked. We survey some commonly available polymer thin-films for their fluorescence behaviour under standardized conditions to determine which materials are most suitable for high-sensitivity fluorescence detection lab chips. The initial fluorescence intensities of some of the materials surveyed were significantly higher than glass and fused silica controls, and decreased over the three hour period with complex kinetics. We then discuss how this has confounded fluorescence detection in our analytical context, and possible mechanisms for the decrease. 相似文献
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Liposome is well known as not only a drug-delivery system but also a simple model for biological membranes. It was reported
that fluorescence properties of hypocrellins were changeable over some extreme pH values. In the current work, the effects
of the microenvironments on the fluorescence properties of HB in liposome, including approximately physiological range of
pH values pH = 6.0-8.0, concentration of cholesterols and ionic strength of the solution, were studied. It was found that
the fluorescence intensity of HB was sensitive to and also regulated by the microenvironments. When concentration of cholesterols
and ionic strength keep invariable in PBS solution, there exists the maximum for the fluorescence of HB-liposome at pH 7.4
while the minimum for that of HB at pH 7.0. In addition, when pH value keeps constant (7.2), there exists the maximum at the
ionic strength of 0.12 mol/kg while that at the concentration of 6×10−4 mol/L for cholesterols. On the other hand, in PBS solution, the lower the ionic strength is, the higher the fluorescence
intensity is. The environment-sensitive fluorescence may be potentially applicable to probe some specific environmental features
in cells or tissues. 相似文献
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Study of fluorescence quenching and dialysis process of CdTe quantum dots, using ensemble techniques and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Luminescence properties of quantum dots (QDs) are closely related to their surface structure and chemical properties. In this work some ensemble techniques and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) were used to study the fluorescence quenching and dialysis process of CdTe QDs. It is found that when some heavy metal ions, such as silver ions (Ag+), quench QDs, the free Ag+ ions bind with bare Te atoms and form the AgTe structure on the surface. The FCS experimental results show that the quenching process is not the gradual reduction of fluorescence intensity of single QDs, but the decrease in the number of bright QDs with the addition of Ag+ ions. In other words, the bright QDs turn into dark directly in the quenching process. It is observed that some dark QDs converse into the bright QDs in the dialysis experiments and the dialysis process can improve the brightness per QDs. Furthermore, the results of FCS and fluorescence spectroscopy illustrate that the increase of the fluorescence quantum yield (QY) is mainly attributed to the removal of excess unreacted Cd-MPA complex and the possible chemical change of the QDs surface in the dialysis process. These new results can help us to further understand the complex surface structure of water-soluble QDs, improve their surface chemical features, and expand their applications in some fields. 相似文献