sym-triazines. 7. Hydrolysis and cyclization of 1,3,5-triazine series mononitriles

The routes of base and acid hydrolysis of sym-triazine mononitriles has been studied for aqueous or aqueous-alcohol media. Depending on the pH of the medium, the concentration of reagents, and the temperature it was found that the hydrolysis led to the formation of amides, oxo or alkoxy 1,3,5-triazines, or to an unstable sym-triazine carboxylic acid, the latter leading to formation of substituted sym-triazines. A novel series of tetrazolyltriazines has been prepared by the reaction of the mononitriles with sodium azide and their alkylation has been studied. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 731–737, May, 2006.     

Synthesis of 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

Conclusions A study was made of the cyclotrimerization of benzonitrile in chlorosulfonic acid and the optimum conditions were ascertained for the formation of 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 2105, September, 1972.     

2-氯-4,6-二苯氨基-1,3,5-三嗪改性纤维素的制备、结晶结构与水解性能

目前, 纤维素水解产生可发酵糖的效率很低, 是纤维素-乙醇转化的瓶颈问题. 拟以化学改性的方法改变纤维素结晶结构从而提高其水解效率. 首先以三聚氰氯(TCT)、苯胺为原料, 合成2-氯-4,6-二苯氨基-1,3,5-三嗪(DACT), 通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱图表征其结构. 将DACT用于微晶纤维素羟基的修饰, 并将修饰后的纤维素于50 ℃、固液比为1∶20 (W/V)比为条件下用70 wt%硫酸水解60 min, 研究DACT用量对纤维素结晶结构和水解性能的影响. 水解实验结果表明DACT的相对物质的量的百分含量(以葡萄糖环计)为30%左右时, 改性纤维素经酸催化水解后还原糖得率最高, 广角X射线衍射证实该水解结果可归因于化学改性令纤维素的结晶结构发生变化, 利于纤维素水解产生可发酵糖.     

Synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives on the basis of carboxylic acid imino esters (review)

Data on methods for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives by cyclotrimerization and cyclocondensation reactions with the participation of carboxylic acid imino esters are systematized in the review.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No.12, pp. 1587–1605, December 1992.     

Study on the 1,3,5-triazine gamma-radiolysis

Triazines are a class of molecules which have been found in meteorites such as Orgueil meteorite. Despite their poor resistance to UV radiation, these molecules survived millions of years inside a meteorite. The present work is dedicated to the examination of the radiation resistance of the simplest sym-triazine: 1,3,5-triazine. The crystals of this molecule have been irradiated with γ-radiation at 50 and 350 kGy and were studied by electronic absorption spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, FT-IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All the data suggest the relatively low stability of this molecule to high energy radiation. The resulting products from radiolysis are formamidine together with triazine dimers and oligomers. Other radiolysis products are H₂, CH₄, HCN and other gases.     

Michael Reaction of 2,4-Dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine

With the extensive investigation of the Michael reaction, not the methylene compounds activated by electron withdrawing group[1,2] but other activated unsaturated compounds containing such as activate N-H or O-H have been used as Michael acceptor.[3,4] However, the research on the Michael reaction of 2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DHT) has not been reported. After the systematic researches on the substitution reactions of DHT, we first report the Michael reaction of DHT with acrylic esters in this paper.     

Demulsification Efficiency of Some New Demulsifiers Based on 1,3,5-Triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine

This study mainly concentrates on the synthesis of three novel demulsifiers and the investigation of their demulsification efficiency. The demulsifiers were derived from 1,3,5-triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, which was prepared by the reaction of monoethanol amine with formaldehyde. The 1,3,5-triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine was ethoxylated by introducing 20 units of ethylene oxide and then esterified at different molar ratios with oleic acid (1, 2, and 3) to give three demulsifiers, namely, E₂₀TO, E₂₀TO₂, and E₂₀TO₃. The chemical structures of the prepared demulsifiers were confirmed by ¹H NMR and FTIR spectrum. The demulsification efficiency of these demulsifiers was tested on the natural water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions (50% water content). From the obtained results, it has been found that the investigated demulsifiers have a great potential to break the w/o emulsions. The trioleat ester (E₂₀TO₃) exhibited the maximum demulsification efficiency (96%) after 120 minutes at 55°C.     

High-pressure vibrational spectroscopy of energetic materials: hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine

Vibrational spectroscopy has been used to investigate the room-temperature high-pressure phases of the energetic material hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). The pressure-induced alterations in the spectral profiles were studied in a compression sequence to 30.2 GPa using Raman spectroscopy and to 26.6 GPa using far-infrared spectroscopy. At pressures near 4.0 GPa, several changes become immediately apparent in the Raman spectrum, such as large frequency shifts, mode splittings, and intensity changes, which are associated with a phase transition from alpha-RDX to gamma-RDX. Our study extends the kinetic stability of gamma-RDX to pressures near 18.0 GPa. Evidence for a new phase was found at pressures between 17.8 and 18.8 GPa and is based on the appearance of new vibrational bands and associated changes in intensity patterns. The new phase has vibrational characteristics that are similar to those of beta-RDX, suggesting the two polymorphs share a related crystal structure.     

Synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

Conclusions Methods have been developed for the preparation of the simplest fluorine-containing phenyltriazine, viz., 2-trifluororaethyl-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, in virtually quantitative yield.Translated from Izvestiva Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimieheskaya, No. 4, pp. 919–920, April, 1986.     

Synthesis of new 1,3,5-thiadiazine and 1,3,5-triazine derivatives and their antimicrobial activity

Interaction of ethyl chloroformate with γ-N-substituted trithioallophanic acids has been found to yield the corresponding 6-oxo-5-aryl-2,4-dithio-hexahydro-l,3,5-thiadiazines. These on reaction with amines yield 1,3,5-triazines. γ-N-substituted β-oxo-dithio-allophanic acid with ethyl chloroformate similarly yields 4,6-dioxo-5-aryl-2-thio-1,3,5-thiadiazine. Antimicrobial activity of thiadiazines has been reported.