Clinical evaluation of serum neuron-specific enolase levels in patients with lung cancer

Serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels were studied in 105 patients with malignant neoplasms (lung cancer 38, others 67), 13 patients with various benign diseases and 7 healthy adults. The mean serum NSE level in adult control subjects was 7.4 +/- 0.8 ng/ml, and cut off level was decided 10 ng/ml. Serum NSE levels were elevated in 14/38 (37%) of patients with lung cancer and in 14/67 (21%) of patients with the other malignant neoplasms. In patients with benign diseases, serum NSE level was elevated only in one patient with pituitary adenoma. In 7 patients with small cell lung cancer, the positive rate was higher (86%) than in those with non-small cell lung cancer (26%), and serum NSE levels were higher than 25 ng/ml except one case. There was no correlation between serum NSE and CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) levels in patients with small cell lung cancer, also in patients with lung cancer. The measurement of serum NSE level seemed to be useful for diagnosis in patients with small cell lung cancer.     

A fundamental and clinical study of ferritin 'Eiken' radioimmunoassay kit

We have measured serum ferritin level using double antibody radioimmunoassay kit (Eiken ICL) and evaluated the characteristics of the kit and clinical usefulness. Satisfactory results were observed in standard curve, reproducibility, dilution and recovery test. In clinical evaluation, we have measured in normal subjects and patients with various diseases. The range in normal males and females were 13.0-158.7 ng/ml and 7.3-73.0 ng/ml, respectively. Serum ferritin level was elevated in patients with hepatoma, biliary cancer, lung cancer and other malignant diseases. Measurement of serum ferritin value would be useful in the monitoring of cancer patients.     

Development of radioimmunoassay of intact laminin and its clinical evaluation as a tumor marker.

The concentration of laminin including laminin variants in serum samples was measured by a double-antibody radioimmunoassay using intact laminin. The mean level in 92 normal subjects (47 men and 45 women) was defined as 1 unit (U)/ml, and the cut-off value (2 S.D. above the mean) was 1.37 U/ml. Mean laminin level in 391 patients with various malignancies was 1.50 +/- 0.86 U/ml. Laminin levels were elevated in various cancer patients, and in 45.0% (176/391) the values exceeded the cut-off level; in patients with cancer of the stomach or pancreas, positivity rate exceeded 60%. Mean laminin concentration for 130 pregnant women (2.06 +/- 0.65 U/ml) was also significantly higher than that of normal controls, but concentrations for patients with various benign diseases were within a low range (0.55 +/- 0.29-1.10 +/- 0.29 U/ml). In the stomach or pancreas cancer patients, a positive correlation between laminin level and tumor progression or course of the disease was observed. These findings indicate that serum laminin level is potentially useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of certain cancers.     

CEUS联合常规超声诊断乳腺非肿块型疾病的研究

本文探讨超声造影(CEUS)联合常规超声在乳腺非肿块型疾病良恶性鉴别中的应用价值。回顾性分析68例乳腺非肿块型病变患者的影像资料,以病理结果为金标准,对比分析常规超声、CEUS及两者联合的诊断价值。68例乳腺非肿块型病变中良性28例,恶性40例;常规超声特征中,良恶性病灶在微钙化、病灶周围血流分布方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CEUS中良恶性病灶在增强强度、均匀度、显影时间及穿支血管方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),TIC定量参数中,良恶性病灶在TTP、PI、AUC方面差异有统计学意义。常规超声联合CEUS诊断乳腺非肿块型疾病良恶性敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为:90.00%、96.43%、92.65%、97.30%、87.10%,高于单独使用常规超声或CEUS(P<0.05)。CEUS联合常规超声可显著提高乳腺非肿块型疾病良恶性的诊断效能,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

双源CT双能量参数联合血清miR-126、miR-204检测对肺癌诊断价值及与临床病理特征关联性

回顾性选取肺癌患者86例为肺癌组,同期肺良性结节患者86例为对照组,患者均行双源CT双能量、血清miR-126、miR-204水平检测,发现静脉期标准化碘浓度(NIC)、动脉期NIC、miR-204、miR-126水平在肺癌组中呈异常表达,并与肺癌组病理类型、临床分期、淋巴结转移存在一定相关性,三者联合对肺癌具有一定诊...     

Clinical evaluation of thyroid imaging with 201T1-chloride.

Clinical value and limitation of thyroid imaging with 201T1Cl were studied. The positive rate of 201T1 was 82% in 22 malignant thyroid lesions and 46% in 37 benign lesions. A 201T1 positive image was obtained when a lesion was parenchymatous and a 201T1 negative one when it was cystic, filled with colloid or hyaline and had massive necrosis or bleeding. Thus 201T1Cl localized in a parenchymatous lesion and did not in a nonparenchymatous one regardless of a malignant or benign disease. An increasing positive lesion in contrast with the surrounding thyroid tissue implies that it may be malignant and a decreasing one benign as a results of review of serial scintiphotos. Scintigraphic methods with 131I and 201T1 are complementary each other and a 201T1 negative image itself has a high diagnostic value but it seems to be better to attach much value to the finding of imaging with 131I when a 201T1 positive image is obtained.     

高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺良/恶性结节的诊断价值

本文探讨了高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节良/恶性的诊断价值.选择疑似甲状腺结节患者82例作为研究对象,本研究比较了高频超声和彩色多普勒超声与术后病理结果的差异;绘制了ROC曲线,分析了高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节良/恶性的诊断效能.结果发现,病理学检查与高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声检查相比较,差异不具有...     

Serum thymidine kinase activity of various cancer and HBV positive liver diseases

Clinical utility of determination of serum deoxythymidine kinase (TK) activity is described. It is well known that elevated TK level is observed in leukemia and other malignant diseases, or some viral infectious diseases. The TK activity was assayed on normal subjects, hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive liver diseases and various cancer by a newly developed high sensitive method, radio enzyme assay (REA) utilizing 125I-iododeoxyuridine as the substrate. Measurement of TK activity by the REA is revealed to be useful for "the marker of DNA metabolism anomaly" in leukemia, etc.     

广西地区273例恶性肿瘤患者血清微量元素检测结果分析

为探讨血清微量元素与恶性肿瘤之间的关系,用化学比色法对273例恶性肿瘤患者和30例正常人血清中的铜、锌、铁、钙进行了检测。结果表明,恶性肿瘤患者血清钢和铜/锌比值明显高于正常人,而锌、铁、钙含量明显低于正常人,均有显著性差异,分别为P<0.001～P<0.05。提示:微量元素与恶性肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关,对恶性肿瘤的诊断、疗效及预后观察有重要价值。     

Importance of Bile Composition for Diagnosis of Biliary Obstructions

Determination of the cause of a biliary obstruction is often inconclusive from serum analysis alone without further clinical tests. To this end, serum markers as well as the composition of bile of 74 patients with biliary obstructions were determined to improve the diagnoses. The samples were collected from the patients during an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The concentration of eight bile salts, specifically sodium cholate, sodium glycocholate, sodium taurocholate, sodium glycodeoxycholate, sodium chenodeoxycholate, sodium glycochenodeoxycholate, sodium taurodeoxycholate, and sodium taurochenodeoxycholate as well as bile cholesterol were determined by HPLC-MS. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and bilirubin were measured before the ERCP. The aim was to determine a diagnostic factor and gain insights into the influence of serum bilirubin as well as bile salts on diseases. Ratios of conjugated/unconjugated, primary/secondary, and taurine/glycine conjugated bile salts were determined to facilitate the comparison to literature data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were determined, and the cut-off values were calculated by determining the point closest to (0,1). It was found that serum bilirubin was a good indicator of the type of biliary obstruction; it was able to differentiate between benign obstructions such as choledocholithiasis (at the concentration of >11 µmol/L) and malignant changes such as pancreatic neoplasms or cholangiocarcinoma (at the concentration of >59 µmol/L). In addition, it was shown that conjugated/unconjugated bile salts confirm the presence of an obstruction. With lower levels of conjugated/unconjugated bile salts the possibility for inflammation and, thus, neoplasms increase.     

二维超声联合超声造影TIC参数在乳腺导管内病变良/恶性诊断中的应用价值

本研究分析了二维超声(2DUS)联合超声造影(CEUS)时间-强度曲线(TIC)参数在乳腺导管内病变良/恶性鉴别诊断中的应用价值.选取乳腺导管内病变患者81例(共93个病变),均行2DUS及CEUS检查.结果显示,2DUS检出恶性病变17个,良性病变48个,诊断准确度69.89％(65/93)、敏感度53.13％(17...     

CT、MRI对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值

本文探讨了计算机断层扫描（CT）、磁共振成像（MRI）对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值。方法：选取2015年3月至2018年3月本院收治的甲状腺结节患者150例，依据病理结果分为恶性48例、良性102例，所有患者均给予CT、MRI检查，分析CT、MRI对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值。结果发现，MRI总病灶、形态不规则、边界不清/毛糙、信号/密度不均检出率明显高于CT，MRI钙化灶检出率明显低于CT，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），CT、MRI淋巴结转移检出率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；在鉴别良恶性甲状腺结节的敏感度、特异度、准确度中，CT为79.17%、74.51%、76.00%，MRI为83.33%、80.39%、81.33%，CT联合MRI为95.83%、96.08%、96.00%，CT联合MRI明显高于CT、MRI，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。说明CT、MRI可作为鉴别良恶性甲状腺结节的重要方法，CT对钙化灶有较高的分辨能力，MRI对软组织及小病灶有较高的分辨能力，CT联合MRI可有效提高其鉴别价值。     

SMI技术测定血流分布模式、消融灶体积与甲状腺结节良恶性诊断及患者疗效预测的关系研究

分析SMI（微血管成像技术）测定血流分布模式、消融灶体积与甲状腺结节良恶性诊断及患者疗效预测的关系。将我院2017年1月～2019年2月期间收治的60例甲状腺结节患者依照患者术后病理检测结果分为良性组及恶性组;采用微波消融术对患者进行治疗,并在治疗前后采用SMI及CEUS（超声造影）对患者病情进行评估。结果显示,采用SMI对患者进行评估的敏感度、特异度、准确度及AUC,均明显高于CEUS,且差异存统计学意义（P<0.05）;采用SMI扫描检查的病灶未完全消融率、参与微血管率均明显高于CEUS检查,且差异存统计学意义（P<0.05）,采用SMI扫描检查的消融灶体积、消融灶长及消融灶宽均明显高于CEUS扫描检查,且差异存统计学意义（P<0.05）。证明采用SMI技术对甲状腺结节良恶性进行诊断具有较高的应用价值,并可有效用于评估临床疗效。     

Development of an immunosensor for human ferritin, a nonspecific tumor marker, based on a quartz crystal microbalance

A new human ferritin immunosensor was developed using anti-human ferritin antibodies (Abs) immobilized on the gold disc of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Two kinds of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) prepared by cystamine-glutaraldehyde and cystamine method were applied to immobilize anti-ferritin monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and polyclonal antibodies (PoAbs) on the quartz, respectively. The reusabilities of quartz crystal adopting the SAMs were found to be better than those of the other immobilization methods used. The 10 cycles of measurements could be performed on the gold surface of the same crystal regenerated with a solution of glycine·HC1. This sensor system could be continuously performed for 15 days, the relative frequency shifts (the frequency shifts measured are relative to the response at the first day) were all found to be above 95%. A linear relationship existed between the frequency shifts (Hz) and the log values of human ferritin concentrations in the range from 0.1 to 100 ng/ml in buffer and mouse serum. This human ferritin immunosensor had some advantages: high sensitivity, high specificity, low sample requirement, high reusability, no label and no pretreatment etc.     

超声BI-RADS联合CT对≤2 cm乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值

本文研究超声乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)联合计算机断层扫描(CT)对≤2 cm乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值.以≤2 cm乳腺病变患者184例为研究对象,所有患者均给予超声、CT检查,以病理学结果为对照,分析超声BI-RADS、CT及二者联合对≤2 cm乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值.病理学结果显示,乳腺癌有58例(3...     

CDFI鉴别男性乳腺良恶性肿瘤价值及与CXCL1、Gab2、MVD的相关性探究

本研究选取18例男性乳腺恶性肿瘤患者作为研究组,纳入同期41例男性良性乳腺肿瘤及50例健康体检男性分别作为良性对照组和健康对照组,通过对比分析发现,研究组CDFI参数[搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、血流速度(PSV)]高于良性对照组和健康对照组(P＜O.05);PI、RI、PSV联合诊断男性乳腺恶性肿瘤的AUC高...     

Metabolic profiling of serum in patients with cartilage tumours using 1H-NMR spectroscopy: A pilot study

Cartilage-forming lesions include tumours that can vary in severity from benign enchondromas to high-grade malignant chondrosarcomas. Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequent malignant bone tumour, accounting for 20–30% of all malignant bone neoplasms. Surgery is the standard treatment for cartilage tumours (CTs); however, their incidental diagnosis and the difficult differentiation of low-grade lesions like chondrosarcoma grade I from benign entities like enchondroma are challenges for clinical management. In this sense, the search for circulating biomarkers for early detection and prognosis is an ongoing interest. Targeted metabolomics is a powerful tool that can propose potential biomarkers in biological fluids as well as help to discover disturbed metabolic pathways to reveal tumour pathogenesis. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic serum profile of patients with CTs contrasted with healthy controls. Forty-one metabolites were identified and quantified; the multivariate statistical methods principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis reveal a clear separation of the CT group, that is, the differential metabolites that were involved in two main metabolic pathways: the taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Our results represent preliminary work for emergent serum-based diagnostics or prognostic methods for patients with chondrogenic tumours.     

彩色多普勒超声结合弹性成像技术在鉴别乳腺良恶性肿瘤中的应用价值

本文对彩色多普勒超声(CDUs)结合弹性成像技术(UE)在鉴别乳腺良恶性肿瘤中的应用价值进行了分析。选取2018年1月~2019年2月本院乳腺肿瘤患者103例为研究对象,所有患者均给予CDUs、UE检查,以病理检查为对照,分析CDUs、UE及二者结合对乳腺良恶性肿瘤的鉴别价值。病理检查显示,103例乳腺肿瘤患者中,恶性48例(46.60%)、良性55例(53.40%);乳腺肿瘤恶性者CDUs、UE得分明显高于良性者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在鉴别乳腺良恶性肿瘤的敏感度、特异度、准确度中,CDUs为79.17%、72.73%、75.73%,UE为75.00%、65.45%、69.90%,CDUs与UE结合为95.83%、90.91%、93.20%,CDUs结合UE明显高于CDUs、UE,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本文证实CDUs、UE对乳腺良恶性肿瘤具有良好的鉴别价值,且CDUs结合UE的鉴别价值更高。     

超声弹性成像联合BI-RADS对微小(≤2cm)乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值

本文对超声弹性成像（UE）联合乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）对微小（≤2 cm）乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值进行了分析。研究对象选取2018年3月~2019年3月期间本院80例乳腺病变患者共112个病灶,所有患者均给予UE和BI-RADS检查,以病理检查为参照,分析UE、BI-RADS及二者联合对微小（≤2 cm）乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值。病理检查结果显示,112个病灶中,良性60个（53.57%）、恶性52个（46.43%）;恶性乳腺病变患者UE和BI-RADS评分明显高于良性患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。UE鉴别微小乳腺良恶性病变（≤2 cm）的敏感度为76.92%、特异度为76.67%、准确度为76.79%,BI-RADS的敏感度为80.77%、特异度为80.00%、准确度为80.36%,UE联合BI-RADS的敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为96.15%、95.00%、95.54%,可见UE联合BI-RADS的鉴别效果明显优异,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。本文证实了UE、BI-RADS对微小（≤2 cm）乳腺良恶性病变具有良好的鉴别价值,且二者联合的鉴别价值更高。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像联合肿瘤标志物检查对女性不明原因腹腔积液的诊断价值

本文探讨了18 F-脱氧葡萄糖(18 F-FDG)正电子发射计算机断层显像(PET/CT)联合肿瘤标志物检查对女性不明原因腹腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。选取95例不明原因腹腔积液女性患者的18 F-FDG PET/CT影像资料及肿瘤标志物资料进行回顾性分析,并与病理诊断结果进行对照。结果显示:95例患者中,经病理证实恶性腹腔积液74例,良性腹腔积液21例。PET/CT对良恶性腹腔积液的诊断灵敏度为98.65%,特异度为19.05%,准确度为81.05%。恶性腹腔积液的SUV max与良性腹腔积液比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。将患者按病因进一步细分后发现,卵巢癌组的SUV max明显高于其他良性原因组(P<0.05),但与结核组和其他恶性肿瘤组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肿瘤标志物中以CA125检测效率最高,其对卵巢癌及结核所致腹腔积液的诊断灵敏度为98.2%,特异度为7.7%,准确度为81.4%。PET/CT和CA125联合诊断对卵巢癌及结核所致腹腔积液的灵敏度、特异度及准确度与单一PET/CT或CA125诊断比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本实验表明18 F-FDG PET/CT诊断女性不明原因腹腔积液的良恶性有较高的灵敏度和准确度,但特异性较差,联合肿瘤标志物检查并不能提高对卵巢癌及结核所致腹腔积液的诊断效能。