Numerical Complexiton Solutions of Complex KdV Equation

In this paper, we directly extend the applications of the Adomian decomposition method to investigate the complex KdV equation. By choosing different forms of wave functions as the initial values, three new types of realistic numerical solutions: numerical positon, negaton solution, and particularly the numerical analytical complexiton solution are obtained, which can rapidly converge to the exact ones obtained by Lou et al. Numerical simulation figures are used to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.     

大平板瞬态热传导问题的一种新的近似解法

１引言大平板瞬态热传导问题有着广泛的工程应用背景。对于复杂的初边值条件或含内热源问题,以及工程上常见的多层复合平壁对象,分析求解难度很大甚至无法求解。在此类情况下往往采用数值方法。但是单纯的数值解不便于理解影响该问题的各种参数的物理意义。因此,各种近似分析方法得到了发展［１,２］。但在近似精度上,往往难以对整个时间坐标范围都达到较高的精度,这就使得近似解更多地局限于定性分析。此外,对于不同的初边值条件或含内热源问题,近似解的形式相异,降低了解的通用性。增加了求解的工作量。本文提出一种基于矩阵理论…     

Application of He's homotopy perturbation method to boundary layer flow and convection heat transfer over a flat plate

In this Letter, the problem of forced convection over a horizontal flat plate is presented and the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is employed to compute an approximation to the solution of the system of nonlinear differential equations governing on the problem. It has been attempted to show the capabilities and wide-range applications of the homotopy perturbation method in comparison with the previous ones in solving heat transfer problems. The obtained solutions, in comparison with the exact solutions admit a remarkable accuracy. A clear conclusion can be drawn from the numerical results that the HPM provides highly accurate numerical solutions for nonlinear differential equations.     

强阻尼广义sine-Gordon方程特征问题的变分迭代法

研究了在数学、力学中广泛出现的一类非线性强阻尼广义sine-Gordon扰动微分方程问题. 首先, 引入行波变换, 求出退化方程的精确解. 再构造一个泛函, 创建了一个变分迭代算法, 最后, 求出原非线性强阻尼广义sine-Gordon扰动微分方程问题的近似行波解析解. 用变分迭代法可得到的各次近似解, 具有便于求解、精度高等特点. 求得的近似解析解弥补了单纯用数值方法的模拟解的不足.     

Analytical solution of transverse oscillation in cyclotron using LP method

We have carried out an approximate analytical solution to precisely consider the influence of magnetic field on the transverse oscillation of particles in a cyclotron.The differential equations of transverse oscillation are solved from the Lindstedt-Poincare method.After careful deduction,accurate first-order analytic solutions are obtained.The analytical solutions are applied to the magnetic field from an isochronous cyclotron with four spiral sectors.The accuracy of these analytical solutions is verified and confirmed from comparison with a numerical method.Finally,we discussed the transverse oscillation at v_0=N/2,using the same analytical solution.     

Adaptive multilayer method of fundamental solutions using a weighted greedy QR decomposition for the Laplace equation

The mixed boundary value problem of the Laplace equation is considered. The method of fundamental solutions (MFS) approximates the exact solution to the Laplace equation by a linear combination of independent fundamental solutions with different source points. The accuracy of the numerical solution depends on the distribution of source points. In this paper, a weighted greedy QR decomposition (GQRD) is proposed to choose significant source points by introducing a weighting parameter. An index called an average degree of approximation is defined to show the efficiency of the proposed method. From numerical experiments, it is concluded that the numerical solution tends to be more accurate when the average degree of approximation is larger, and that the proposed method can yield more accurate solutions with a less number of source points than the conventional GQRD.     

An exponential compact difference scheme for solving 2D steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) duct flow problems

In this article, an exponential high-order compact (EHOC) difference scheme on the nine-point stencil is developed for the solution of the coupled equations representing the steady incompressible, viscous magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow through a straight channel of rectangular section. A key property of the EHOC scheme is that it has excellent stability and higher accuracy so that the high gradients near the boundary layer areas can be effectively resolved without refining the mesh. Numerical experiments are carried out to validate the performance of the currently proposed scheme. Computation results of the MHD flow in the 2D square-channel problems with different wall conductivities are presented for Hartmann numbers ranging from 10 to 10⁶. The numerical solutions obtained with the newly developed EHOC scheme are also compared with analytic solutions and numerical results by other available methods in the literature.     

The method of fundamental solutions for 2D and 3D Stokes problems

A numerical scheme based on the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is proposed for the solution of 2D and 3D Stokes equations. The fundamental solutions of the Stokes equations, Stokeslets, are adopted as the sources to obtain flow field solutions. The present method is validated through other numerical schemes for lid-driven flows in a square cavity and a cubic cavity. Test results obtained for a rectangular cavity with wave-shaped bottom indicate that the MFS is computationally efficient than the finite element method (FEM) in dealing with irregular shaped domain. The paper also discusses the effects of number of source points and their locations on the numerical accuracy.     

A new approach with piecewise-constant arguments to approximate and numerical solutions of oscillatory problems

This paper is devoted to the development of a novel approximate and numerical method for the solutions of linear and non-linear oscillatory systems, which are common in engineering dynamics. The original physical information included in the governing equations of motion is mostly transferred into the approximate and numerical solutions. Therefore, the approximate and numerical solutions generated by the present method reflect more accurately the characteristics of the motion of the systems. Furthermore, the solutions derived are continuous everywhere with good accuracy and convergence in comparing with Runge-Kutta method. An approximate solution is developed for a linear oscillatory problem and compared with its corresponding exact solution. A non-linear oscillatory problem is also solved numerically and compared with the solutions of Runge-Kutta method. Both the graphical and numerical comparisons are provided in the paper. The accuracy of the approximate and numerical solutions can be controlled as desired by the number of terms in the Taylor series and the value of a single parameter used in the present work. Formulae for numerical computation in solving various linear and non-linear oscillatory problems by the new approach are provided in the paper.     

Large deflection of clamped circular plate and accuracy of its approximate analytical solutions

A different set of governing equations on the large deflection of plates are derived by the principle of virtual work(PVW), which also leads to a different set of boundary conditions. Boundary conditions play an important role in determining the computation accuracy of the large deflection of plates. Our boundary conditions are shown to be more appropriate by analyzing their difference with the previous ones. The accuracy of approximate analytical solutions is important to the bulge/blister tests and the application of various sensors with the plate structure. Different approximate analytical solutions are presented and their accuracies are evaluated by comparing them with the numerical results. The error sources are also analyzed. A new approximate analytical solution is proposed and shown to have a better approximation. The approximate analytical solution offers a much simpler and more direct framework to study the plate-membrane transition behavior of deflection as compared with the previous approaches of complex numerical integration.     

A new multi-layer discrete ordinate approach to radiative transfer in vertically inhomogeneous atmospheres

A recently developed matrix formulation of the discrete ordinate method is extended for application to an inhomogeneous atmosphere. The solution yields fluxes, as well as the complete azimuthal dependence of the intensity at any level in the atmosphere. The numerical aspects of the solution are discussed and numerical verification is provided by comparing computed results with those obtained by other methods. In particular, it is shown that a simple scaling scheme, which removes the positive exponentials in the coefficient matrix when solving for the constants of integration, provides unconditionally stable solutions for arbitrary optical thicknesses. An assessment of the accuracy to be expected is also provided, and it is shown that low-order discrete ordinate approximations yield very accurate flux values.     

Numerical soliton-like solutions of the potential Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation by the decomposition method

In this Letter we present an Adomian's decomposition method (shortly ADM) for obtaining the numerical soliton-like solutions of the potential Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (shortly PKP) equation. We will prove the convergence of the ADM. We obtain the exact and numerical solitary-wave solutions of the PKP equation for certain initial conditions. Then ADM yields the analytic approximate solution with fast convergence rate and high accuracy through previous works. The numerical solutions are compared with the known analytical solutions.     

解Hamilton-Jacobi方程的不连续有限元方法

将两类具有不同基函数的有限元应用于Hamilton Jacobi方程,得到了求解Hamilton Jacobi方程的不连续有限元数值格式,并证明了这两类格式数值解在一定条件下收敛于Hamilton Jacobi方程的弱解.数值实例比较了两类格式的精度和分辨间断的能力.     

An Approximate Approach for Systems of Singular Volterra Integral Equations Based on Taylor Expansion

In this article, an extended Taylor expansion method is proposed to estimate the solution of linear singular Volterra integral equations systems. The method is based on combining the m-th order Taylor polynomial of unknown functions at an arbitrary point and integration method, such that the given system of singular integral equations is converted into a system of linear equations with respect to unknown functions and their derivatives. The required solutions are obtained by solving the resulting linear system. The proposed method gives a very satisfactory solution, which can be performed by any symbolic mathematical packages such as Maple, Mathematica, etc. Our proposed approach provides a significant advantage that the m-th order approximate solutions are equal to exact solutions if the exact solutions are polynomial functions of degree less than or equal to m. We present an error analysis for the proposed method to emphasize its reliability. Six numerical examples are provided to show the accuracy and the efficiency of the suggested scheme for which the exact solutions are known in advance.     

Effect of the inertial term of the ion momentum equation on fluid transport simulation for capacitively coupled plasma sources

Fluid-based simulations are widely used to analyze or optimize capacitively coupled plasma sources. Although the inertial term of the ion momentum equation affects the accuracy of the solutions, the equation has not been considered in the drift-diffusion approximation model in the numerical solution. Therefore, we, herein, improved the accuracy of the model by applying an effective electric field, considering the inertial term. First, the effective electric field, including the ion inertial term of the ion momentum equation, was derived. Subsequently, one-dimensional fluid simulations were conducted. The numerical results were compared with those of one-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The results of the developed model were similar to those obtained in the case of solving the full-ion momentum equation, as well as more similar to the PIC simulation results than those obtained in the case of the drift-diffusion approximation.     

An Approximate Approach for Systems of Singular Volterra Integral Equations Based on Taylor Expansion

In this article, an extended Taylor expansion method is proposed to estimate the solution of linear singular Volterra integral equations systems. The method is based on combining the m-th order Taylor polynomial of unknown functions at an arbitrary point and integration method, such that the given system of singular integral equations is converted into a system of linear equations with respect to unknown functions and their derivatives. The required solutions are obtained by solving the resulting linear system. The proposed method gives a very satisfactory solution,which can be performed by any symbolic mathematical packages such as Maple, Mathematica, etc. Our proposed approach provides a significant advantage that the m-th order approximate solutions are equal to exact solutions if the exact solutions are polynomial functions of degree less than or equal to m. We present an error analysis for the proposed method to emphasize its reliability. Six numerical examples are provided to show the accuracy and the efficiency of the suggested scheme for which the exact solutions are known in advance.     

Sinc-collocation method for solving the Blasius equation

Sinc-collocation method is applied for solving Blasius equation which comes from boundary layer equations. It is well known that sinc procedure converges to the solution at an exponential rate. Comparison with Howarth and Asaithambi's numerical solutions reveals that the proposed method is of high accuracy and reduces the solution of Blasius' equation to the solution of a system of algebraic equations.     

单摆系统的振动研究

通过求解变张力弦振动微分方程的边值问题,给出摆线与摆球的质量比为任意值时单摆系统运动的一般解和本征频率满足的方程.利用该方程求得高精度的单摆系统周期数值解,特别是拟合出单摆系统作基频振动时一个范围大、精度高的周期近似公式.同时将理论与实验进行比较,结果二者相符.     

A comparison of the optical path and differential equation methods for optically thin phase gratings

It is shown that the optical path method may lead to an approximate solution of the wave equation valid under a wide range of conditions for slanted phase gratings of arbitrary profile. Analytic solutions are given for sinusoidal and sawtooth gratings, and the accuracy of the approximations is checked by comparison with numerical solutions. The conditions under which sawtooth gratings may yield 100% efficiency are clarified.     

Mathematical Models for the Propagation of Stress Waves in Elastic Rods: Exact Solutions and Numerical Simulation

In this work, the Bishop and Love models for longitudinal vibrations are adopted to study the dynamics of isotropic rods with conical and exponential cross-sections. Exact solutions of both models are derived, using appropriate transformations. The analytical solutions of these two models are obtained in terms of generalised hypergeometric functions and Legendre spherical functions respectively. The exact solution of Love model for a rod with exponential cross-section is expressed as a sum of Gauss hypergeometric functions. The models are solved numerically by using the method of lines to reduce the original PDE to a system of ODEs. The accuracy of the numerical approximations is studied in the case of special solutions.