The sets of monomorphisms and of almost open operators between locally convex spaces

If the set of monomorphisms between locally convex spaces is not empty, then it is an open subset of the space of all continuous and linear operators endowed with the topology of the uniform convergence on the bounded sets if and only if the domain space is normable. The corresponding characterization for the set of almost open operators is also obtained; it is related to the lifting of bounded sets and to the quasinormability of the domain space. Other properties and examples are analyzed.

     

Growth theorem of convex mappings on bounded convex circular domains

The growth theorem and the 1/2-covering theorem are obtained for the class of normalized biholomorphic convex mappings on bounded convex circular domains, which extend the corresponding results of Sufridge, Thomas, Liu, Gong, Yu, and Wang. The approach is new, which does not appeal to the automorphisms of the domains; and the domains discussed are rather general on which convex mappings can be studied, since the domain may not have a convex mapping if it is not convex. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the State Education Commission Doctoral Foundation.     

Nonlinear complementarity problem and systems of convex inequalities

LetH be a nonempty closed convex subset of a topological vector spaceE andF be a real-valued function onH × H Then, we prove that, under some conditions, there existsx ₀H such thatF(x ₀,y)0 for ally H. Furthermore, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition that a finite system of convex inequalities is irreducibly inconsistent.This work was supported in part by the Matsunaga Research Grant. The author wishes to express his sincere thanks to Professor H. Umegaki for his invaluable suggestions and advice.     

A general theory of almost convex functions

Let be the standard -dimensional simplex and let . Then a function with domain a convex set in a real vector space is -almost convex iff for all and the inequality

holds. A detailed study of the properties of -almost convex functions is made. If contains at least one point that is not a vertex, then an extremal -almost convex function is constructed with the properties that it vanishes on the vertices of and if is any bounded -almost convex function with on the vertices of , then for all . In the special case , the barycenter of , very explicit formulas are given for and . These are of interest, as and are extremal in various geometric and analytic inequalities and theorems.

     

Reduction of almost Poisson brackets for nonholonomic systems on Lie groups

We present a systematic geometric construction of reduced almost Poisson brackets for nonholonomic systems on Lie groups with invariant kinetic energy metric and constraints. Our construction is of geometric interest in itself and is useful in the hamiltonization of some classical examples of nonholonomic mechanical systems.      

Almost periodic homogeneous linear difference systems without almost periodic solutions

Almost periodic homogeneous linear difference systems are considered. It is supposed that the coefficient matrices belong to a group. The aim was to find such groups that the systems having no non-trivial almost periodic solution form a dense subset of the set of all considered systems. A closer examination of the used methods reveals that the problem can be treated in such a generality that the entries of coefficient matrices are allowed to belong to any complete metric field. The concepts of transformable and strongly transformable groups of matrices are introduced, and these concepts enable us to derive efficient conditions for determining what matrix groups have the required property.     

On groups with the almost orthogonality condition

The concept of the orthogonality is important in the study of lattice-ordered groups. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a generalization of this concept to directed groups. The idea of an AO-group is introduced here. Some results are obtained concerning convex directed subgroups and Archimedean extensions of AO-groups. Interpolation AO-groups are also described.     

The perimeter of rounded convex planar sets

A convex set is inscribed into a rectangle with sides a and 1/a so that the convex set has points on all four sides of the rectangle. By “rounding” we mean the composition of two orthogonal linear transformations parallel to the edges of the rectangle, which makes a unit square out of the rectangle. The transformation is also applied to the convex set, which now has the same area, and is inscribed into a square. One would expect this transformation to decrease the perimeter of the convex set as well. Interestingly, this is not always the case. For each a we determine the largest and smallest possible increase of the perimeter.      

Duality for almost convex optimization problems via the perturbation approach

We deal with duality for almost convex finite dimensional optimization problems by means of the classical perturbation approach. To this aim some standard results from the convex analysis are extended to the case of almost convex sets and functions. The duality for some classes of primal-dual problems is derived as a special case of the general approach. The sufficient regularity conditions we need for guaranteeing strong duality are proved to be similar to the ones in the convex case. The research of the first and third authors was partially supported by DFG (German Research Foundation), project WA 922/1. The research of the second author was supported by the grant PN II, ID 523/2007.     

Carter subgroups of finite almost simple groups

In the paper we work to complete the classification of Carter subgroups in finite almost simple groups. In particular, it is proved that Carter subgroups of every finite almost simple group are conjugate. Based on our previous results, together with those obtained by F. Dalla Volta, A. Lucchini, and M. C. Tamburini, as a consequence we derive that Carter subgroups of every finite group are conjugate. Supported by RFBR grant No. 05-01-00797; by the Council for Grants (under RF President) for Support of Young Russian Scientists via projects MK-1455.2005.1 and MK-3036.2007.1; by SB RAS Young Researchers Support grant No. 29; via Integration Project No. 2006.1.2. __________ Translated from Algebra i Logika, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 157–216, March–April, 2007.     

Functionals on the spaces of convex bodies

In geometry, there are several challenging problems studying numbers associated to convex bodies. For example, the packing density problem, the kissing number problem, the covering density problem, the packing-covering constant problem, Hadwiger's covering conjecture and Borsuk's partition conjecture. They are fundamental and fascinating problems about the same objects. However, up to now, both the methodology and the technique applied to them are essentially different. Therefore, a common foundation for them has been much expected. By treating problems of these types as functionals defined on the spaces of n-dimensional convex bodies, this paper tries to create such a foundation. In particular, supderivatives for these functionals will be studied.     

On the shape of a convex body with respect to its second projection body

We prove results relative to the problem of finding sharp bounds for the affine invariant $P(K)=V(\mathrm{\Pi }K)/V^{d-1}(K)$. Namely, we prove that if K is a 3-dimensional zonoid of volume 1, then its second projection body ${\mathrm{\Pi }}^{2}K$ is contained in 8K, while if K is any symmetric 3-dimensional convex body of volume 1, then ${\mathrm{\Pi }}^{2}K$ contains 6K. Both inclusions are sharp. Consequences of these results include a stronger version of a reverse isoperimetric inequality for 3-dimensional zonoids established by the author in a previous work, a reduction for the 3-dimensional Petty conjecture to another isoperimetric problem and the best known lower bound up to date for $P(K)$ in 3 dimensions. As byproduct of our methods, we establish an almost optimal lower bound for high-dimensional bodies of revolution.     

A note on the tameness of hyperbolic 3-manifolds

Among other related results we prove that a hyperbolic 3-manifold which admits an exhaustion by nested cores is tame.     

指数凸函数的积分不等式及其在Gamma函数中的应用

仿对数凸函数的概念,给出指数凸函数的定义,并证明有关指数凸函数的几个积分不等式,作为应用,得到一个新的Kershaw型双向不等式.     

A note on the fundamental groups of manifolds with almost nonnegative curvature

We show that given and , there exists a positive number such that if a closed -manifold satisfies and , then is almost abelian.

     

剩余有限minimax 可解群的几乎正则自同构

设G 是一个剩余有限的minimax 可解群, α 是G 的几乎正则自同构, 则G/[G, α] 是有限群, 并且(1) 当α^p = 1 时, G 有一个指数有限的幂零群其幂零类不超过h(p), 其中h(p) 是只与素数p 有关的函数.(2) 当α² = 1 时, G 有一个指数有限的Abel 特征子群且[G, α]′ 是有限群.关键词剩余有限minimax 可解群几乎正则自同构