聚乙烯基吡啶共聚物与取代苯基偶氮苯酚复合物的制备及其液晶性质

通过分子间弱相互作用力组装形成的液晶高分子与一般侧链液晶高分子相比，其介晶基元与聚合物主链搭配选择范围宽，且易于组装制备．因此，将氢键［１，２］，离子键［３，４］等引入液晶高分子制备领域，越来越引起人们的兴趣．目前以吡啶 羧基氢键组装成的侧链液晶高分...     

单分子结的构筑及分子电导性质的测试

分子电子学已成为21世纪研究的热点. 通过将具有特定功能的分子连接在纳米尺度金属电极之间从而构筑包括分子导线、开关、整流器在内的各种分子尺度电子器件, 这引起了科学家们广泛的研究兴趣. 在分子电子学研究中, 构筑金属/分子/金属(MMM)分子结是研究分子器件中电子传输性质的关键. 尽管已经取得了很大的进展, 目前在纳米尺度下构筑稳定可靠的MMM分子结并测试单个分子的电学性质仍然面临很多挑战. 本文着重对单分子电学性质的测试技术和相关理论研究的最新进展以及存在的挑战做了概述.     

1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚分子印迹聚合物的制备及结合特性研究

以α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,在氯仿溶剂中,利用传统的分子印迹聚合物制备技术,成功合成了偶氮类分子1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚的印迹聚合物。用红外光谱、紫外光谱等技术对聚合物进行了表征测定,并用平衡结合实验研究了聚合物的吸附特性。     

4-氨基吡啶分子模板聚合物选择性识别及结合性质的研究

以4-氨基吡啶为模板分子制备了对4-氨基吡啶具有特异选择性的模板聚合物.制得的棒状聚合物经研磨、过筛后,采用平衡结合方法评价了该模板聚合物的结合特性.Scatchard分析表明,在所研究的浓度范围内,聚合物中形成了两类不同的结合位点,这两类结合位点的离解常数采用多点结合模型计算得到的值分别为6.0μmol/L和1.2mmol/L.底物选择性表明,与其它结构相似的分子相比,该聚合物对模板分子4-氨基吡啶显示了很强的结合能力.₁HNMR研究及4-氨基吡啶共振结构分析表明,模板分子与聚合物中的结合位点之间的作用为离子作用.     

微球形4-氨基吡啶分子模板聚合物的合成及结合性质研究

利用分子印迹技术,通过沉淀聚合方法合成了对4-氨基吡啶具有选择性结合能力的微球形分子模板聚合物.通过静态结合方法研究了该聚合物的选择性结合能力以及不同溶剂及引发剂的用量对聚合物形态及球状聚合物粒径大小的影响.底物选择性实验结果表明,与结构相似的化合物相比,4-氨基吡啶球形分子模板聚合物对4-氨基吡啶显示出强的选择性.     

季铵化聚4-乙烯吡啶衍生物与葫芦脲[6]的超分子自组装及性质研究

通过葫芦[6]脲(CB[6])与季铵化聚4-乙烯吡啶衍生物2在水溶液中于室温下进行超分子组装, 得到一种新型的超分子聚合物3, 并通过¹H NMR, IR, 元素分析, X射线粉末衍射分析(XRD)对其结构进行了表征, 证实CB[6]位于2的侧基脂肪链上, 通过非共价键与2结合; 通过热重分析(TGA)、紫外-可见吸收(UV-vis)对其性质进行了研究, 证实了超分子聚合物3比相应的聚合物2有更高的热稳定性, 以及更强的UV-vis吸收.     

聚(4-偶氮磺酸苯乙烯-co-4-乙烯基吡啶)与本征态聚苯胺的氢键自组装及其光电转换性能

合成了一种新的共聚体——聚(4-偶氮磺酸苯乙烯-co-4-乙烯基吡啶), 它含有吡啶环, 能作为氢受体与本征态聚苯胺进行氢键自组装. 在紫外光照下, 组装膜通过偶氮磺酸基的光解, 形成稳定的共价交联结构, 在电解质水溶液中也不被破坏, 可用作光电转换膜, 并能在盐水溶液中直接测定它的光电流. 结果表明含有本征态聚苯胺的自组装膜是一种良好的光电转换材料.     

一种含有偶氮磺酸基与吡啶基的高分子氢键自组装及自组装超薄膜

静电自组装是指将带相反电荷的聚电解质，于水溶液中交替沉积在片基上，制备多层超薄膜的技术．由于它在水溶液进行，技术简单，无需专用设备，再加上静电力比范德华力强，因此静电自组装膜比传统的LB(Langmuir—Blodget)膜稳定，在近年来得到很大发展．现在自组装成膜驱动力已从最初的静电力扩展到氢键、电荷转移相互作用、疏水相互作用等；用于组装的组分也从聚电解质扩展到多官能团小分子、胶体粒子、无机纳米     

聚苯乙烯-聚4-乙烯吡啶两亲性嵌段共聚物与新型荧光分子的自组装

合成了新型温敏荧光小分子,并利用活性/可控自由基聚合中的可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合反应(RAFT)合成了聚苯乙烯-聚4-乙烯吡啶两亲性嵌段共聚物(PS-b-P4VP);采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪和凝胶渗透色谱仪分别测定了其结构和相对分子质量.将荧光小分子和PS-b-P4VP一同在甲苯或CO2气体膨胀甲苯环境中进行自组装,采用透射电子显微镜观察了其胶束形态.结果表明,CO2气体膨胀甲苯的引入对胶束的形态无明显影响.     

锇-聚乙烯吡啶复合物与辣根过氧化物酶分子多层膜的制备及电化学性质研究

基于分子间静电相互作用力,将锇-聚乙烯吡啶复合物(PVP-Os)与辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)交替沉积于固体基质表面,制得了包含生物成分的分子多层膜.膜层间的聚合物分子起到了粘接与导电的双重作用.用紫外-可见光谱法跟踪了石英基片上的组装过程,研究了多层膜电极对过氧化氢的电催化还原性能,并描述了多层膜电化学行为.     

1,8-二巯基芘分子电学特性的理论研究

Based on the first principle,electrical properties of a molecular junction consisting of pyrene-1,8-dithiol molecule and gold surface have been investigated. The cluster of three gold atoms is used to simulate the gold surface. Density functional theory is employed to obtain the electronic structures of the molecule and the extended molecule. Then the frontier orbital theory and the perturbation theory are used to determine the interaction energy between the molecule and the gold surface quantitatively. The elastic Green function method is applied to study the current-voltage properties of the molecular junction. Numerical results show that the sulfur atoms can be chemically absorbed on the gold surface and the bonding between the molecule and gold is mainly covalent-typed. The fermienergy of the extended molecular system lies between the HOMO and the LUMO and closer to the HOMO of the system. When the external applied bias is lower than 1 V,there is a current gap for the molecular junction. With the increasing of the bias,the conductance of the junction exhibits plateaus. These electrical properties are closely related with the electronic structures of the molecular junction. The extended molecular orbits have great contribution to the charge transport. Localized molecular orbits give little contribution to the current while charge transport is taken place by tunneling.     

4,4'-二氨基二苯醚分子印迹聚合物/聚4,4'-二氨基二苯醚的电化学合成及其吸波性能研究

本文采用二次电聚合法,在石墨烯修饰铅笔芯电极(G-PEC)表面制备出4,4'-二氨基二苯醚分子印迹聚合物复合聚4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(4,4'-ODL-MIP/P-4,4'-ODL)新型电磁材料,考察了电极有效导电长度、石墨烯浓度、缓冲液pH、4,4'-二氨基二苯醚与功能单体丙烯酰胺的浓度及其浓度比、扫描电位范围、扫描圈数、扫描速率、洗脱时间等各种条件对复合材料荷电量的影响。矢量网络分析仪测试结果显示,所合成的复合材料在12.56GHz处出现-10.57dB的反射损耗,有效电磁波吸收率达到90%;而单一的4,4'-ODL-MIP和石墨烯反射损耗均高于-10dB,有效电磁波吸收率分别仅约为68%和60%,因而复合材料具备良好的吸波性。     

基于金纳米棒的核壳纳米结构及其光学性质研究

以金纳米棒为核的核壳结构纳米粒子由于它独特的光学性质、结构特点以及在催化、表面增强拉曼散射方面的应用前景,成为目前纳米材料研究的热点之一。本文重点介绍以金纳米棒为核,包覆其他无机材料的核/壳结构之合成方法,同时阐述其结构特征、光学性质以及外界条件对结构和性质的影响。其中,由于金银纳米核壳结构的研究开始最早,研究最为深入,故对其进行重点阐述。最后对以金纳米棒为核的核壳结构未来研究进行了展望。     

Preparation and Characterization of Copper Nanowire/Polyamide 6 Nanocomposites and Its Properties

Copper nanowire/polyamide 6 (denoted as nano-Cu/PA6) nanocomposites were readily prepared via in situ polymerization in reducing atmosphere. The microstructure, phase composition, and chemical state of typical elements of as-prepared nano-Cu/PA6 nanocomposites were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, while their thermal stability and crystallization behaviors were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Moreover, the mechanical strength of as-prepared nano-Cu/PA6 nanocomposites was determined with a universal testing machine, and their friction and wear behaviors were evaluated with an MRH-3 high speed block-on-ring test rig. Findings indicate that copper nanowire is coated by surrounding molecular chains of PA6 and well disperses in the polymeric matrix. Besides, copper nanowire consists of metallic copper, which indicates that copper nanowire coated by PA6 matrix has good chemical stability and is not oxidized during the preparation of the title nanocomposites under high-temperature reactions. Furthermore, copper nanowire filler is able to remarkably improve the mechanical strength and wear resistance of polyamide 6. Particularly, nano-Cu/PA6 composite containing 0.5% (mass fraction) copper nanowire possesses the maximum tensile strength (its tensile strength is higher than that of pure PA6 by 77.41%); and its friction coefficient and wear scar diameter are also much smaller than those of PA6.     

Co、Ni及其合金纳米线阵列的制备及磁性研究

采用交流电化学沉积法,在多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO）模板孔洞中成功组装了铁磁性金属Co、Ni、CoNi合金纳米线阵列并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM）、X射线衍射(XRD）等对样品进行表征。结果表明,Co、Ni及CoNi合金阵列体系中纳米线均匀有序,形状各向异性较大(长径比达30以上）,有显著的结晶择优取向。对Co、Ni、CoNi合金纳米线阵列体系进行磁性分析,振动样品磁强计(VSM）测试结果显示,纳米线有明显的磁各向异性,适合用作垂直磁记录介质。纳米线阵列退火后沿纳米线方向矫顽力和矩形比减小,样品的垂直磁各向异     

Characterization and Properties of a New Amorphous Small-molecule Material Containing Both Donor and Acceptor Moieties for Photovoltaic Application

A new amorphous small-molecule material, in which the electron-donating carbazole units are connected to the backbone by flexible side chains, has been synthesized and utilised in the photovoltaic（PV） field. This material exhibits the amorphous feature, higher thermal stability and good film forming ability. The influence of the heat-treatment on the morphology and the performance of PV devices were studied. Eventually, a relatively high photovoltaic conversion efficiency was achieved. At the same time, the PV device displayed an ideal open-circuit voltage（over 1 V） which is very close to the upper limit of its theoretical value.     

4种含羧基酰腙化合物的合成、表征和抑菌活性

4种含羧基酰腙化合物的合成、表征和抑菌活性;酰腙;合成;表征;抑菌活性     

4,4'-联吡啶桥联的三个铜有机膦酸配合物的合成、结构及磁性

在水热条件下,以N-氧化-2-吡啶膦酸（H2L）为主配体,4,4＇-联吡啶（bpy）为桥联配体,合成了3个铜有机膦酸配合物： {[CuL（bpy）0.5（H₂O）]·2H₂O}_n（1）, {[Cu（HL）₂（bpy）]·4H₂O}_n（2）和{[Cu₂（L）₂（bpy）]·3H₂O}_n（3）。配合物1中,相邻的铜离子由2个膦酸根连成二聚体,二聚体之间通过bpy桥联成一维链。配合物2中,单核[Cu（HL）₂]被bpy连接成一维链。配合物3中,四聚体[Cu₂（L）₂]₂被bpy连接成“砖块状”结构的二维层。磁性研究表明,配合物1和3中铜离子之间存在反铁磁性耦合。     

4,4'-联吡啶桥联的三个铜有机膦酸配合物的合成、结构及磁性

在水热条件下,以N-氧化-2-吡啶膦酸(H₂L)为主配体,4,4’-联吡啶(bpy)为桥联配体,合成了3个铜有机膦酸配合物：{[Cu(L)(bpy)_0.5(H₂O)]·2H₂O}_n(1),{[Cu(HL)₂(bpy)]·4H₂O}_n(2)和{[Cu₂(L)₂(bpy)]·3H₂O}_n(3)。配合物1中,相邻的铜离子由2个膦酸根连成二聚体,二聚体之间通过bpy桥联成一维链。配合物2中,单核[Cu(HL)₂]被bpy连接成一维链。配合物3中,四聚体[Cu₂(L)₂]₂被bpy连接成“砖块状”结构的二维层。磁性研究表明,配合物1和3中铜离子之间存在反铁磁性耦合。     

Synthesis, Characterization and Two-Photon Absorption Properties of a Novel Pyridinium Salt

A novel pyridinium salt, 2,4-bis[p-(N,N-dimethylamino)styryll-N-metlayl pyridinium iodide (BMSPI) was synthesized and characterized by TG, ^1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, and the reaction process was studied by using ES-MS. When BMSPI was pumped by a pulsed 1064 nm, 50 ps laser beam, it manifests highly efficient TPA (Two-Photon Absorption) and up-conversion superradiance. The up-conversion efficiency was 6.0% at the pump energy of 4-6 mJ and the lifetime of two-photon fluorescence was measured as 59 ps.