中国近现代化工教育家——李仙舟

李仙舟,中国近现代著名化学工程家,化工教育家,曾在北平大学、西北联合大学、西北工学院等学校任教,他对我国近现代毛皮染色工艺、制革技术的发展具有一定贡献。李仙舟还曾任中国化工学会西安分会副理事长,是中国化工学会西安分会的创始人之一。对李仙舟生平、教育、科研成就进行了研究。     

闵恩泽先生小传

闵恩泽先生是在化学化工领域作出突出创新成就和贡献的科学家,他是我国炼油催化应用科学的奠基人、自主创新的先行者、绿色化学与化工的开创者、生物柴油新兴产业的倡导者.自1955年回国至今,他一直活跃在石油炼制与石油化工科学技术前沿第一线,兢兢业业,以科技创新贡献国民经济50多年.他对我国炼油事业的起步、发展和步入世界先进行列,对推     

中国著名无机化学家关实之

关实之是我国著名无机化学家和化学教育家,他一生从事高等教育工作,是大同大学化工系的创建者,吉林大学化学学院奠基人之一,并一手创建了无机化学学科。介绍了关实之的生平简历及其为中国化学和化工教育事业做出的突出贡献。     

评张泽垚译述“定量分析化学”一书

商务印书馆出版,大学从书——“定量分析化学”一书(以下简称译述本),是张泽垚先生根据“Talbot’sQuantitative Chemical Analysis”第九版(增订本)(以下简称原书)所译述的。译述本曾一度作为全国许多大学化学系及部分中等技术学校化验专业(或其它类似之系科)的教本或主要参考书。可是遗憾得很,据笔者的经验,译述本曾在教学上引起了很大的困难,显然在其间是存在着许多的问题。经过了一番     

我国化学工业的先驱者——范旭东

在我国化学工业发展史上,有一位功绩卓著的人物。他就是我国著名的爱国实业家、卓越的中国工业化学家范旭东先生。他不仅是开拓和振兴我国民族化学工业的先驱者之一,而且是我国近代和现代化工的奠基人。     

基于化工专业的化工安全与环保课程思政设计与实践

化学在人类的日常生产、生活中发挥着重要作用,人类的衣食住行都离不开化学,但是错误的利用化学会对人类造成巨大的危害,所以学校应致力于化工专业学生的思想政治教育。化工安全与环保课程是化工专业的核心课程,该课程主要介绍现代化工生产的特点、化工环境保护技术和化工安全技术,其蕴含丰富的思想政治元素。本文围绕化工安全与环保课程的教学内容及教学特点,深入挖掘课程蕴含的思想政治教育元素,运用唯物史观分析和构建相应的课程思政教学案例,实现思政教育与专业教育的水乳交融。     

师专有机化学实验教学方案改革初探

为适应我国教育体制改革,发展职业技术教育事业,我校于1986年开设职业技术师范化工专业(以下简称化工专业)。作为职业技术师范教育,它既不同于普通高等师范教育,也不同于普通高等工科教育,它是理工兼有的新的教育模式。从职业技术师范教育特点出发,在化工专业的有机化学实验教学中我们进行了大胆的改革试验,将传统的层次式实验教学方案     

柳大纲的广博与执著

柳大纲(1904-1991)是20世纪中国著名的化学家、卓越的科研组织者和领导者,是中国硅酸盐化学、盐湖化学和光谱学等方向的先驱,是中国近现代科技史上推动前科学向科学质变的代表人物。他的早期科研经历和成长过程显示,他不仅推动了传统手工业陶瓷、制盐等向现代工业的革新,还使用完善的科学范式与方法来研究陶瓷、玻璃和制盐过程。以上这些积累,使他于1958年以“赛马式”研发模式推动了盐湖钾肥和硼砂生产由手工业跃进到现代工业。他参与筹建并领导中科院化学所,规划和发展其研究领域,进而以中科院化学所为孵育基地,抽调该所力量,建设了中科院青海盐湖所等多个研究机构。他重视人才培养,重视发展中国化学会和期刊建设工作。     

中国化学会的创始人之一——叶峤

叶峤是20世纪上半叶中国化学界的一位著名化学家、教育家,在理论有机化学、天然有机化学、中草药化学等领域都有很深的造诣。他对中国化学会、武汉大学化学系的建设和发展做出了积极的贡献,促进了我国近代化学事业的发展、进步和延续。本文介绍了叶峤的生平简历、科学成就及其贡献,借此向大家展示一个较为全面、真实的叶峤。关于叶峤的系统研究对中国近现代化学史具有一定的意义。     

读《中国近代化学工业史:1860-1949》

近读2006年8月化学工业出版社出版,由大连化工研究设计院陈歆文编著的《中国近代化学工业史:1860-1949》.感到收获多多,这是近20年来化工史界的一部填补中国近代化工史空缺的力作,内容丰富,值得推荐.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.