基于多芯光纤级联布喇格光纤光栅的横向压力与温度同时测量

提出并制作了一种基于多芯光纤与单模光纤错位构成的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪,将其与光纤布喇格光栅级联,形成的全光纤传感系统可实现横向压力和温度双参量同时测量.马赫-曾德尔干涉仪是利用多芯光纤和单模光纤的模场不匹配而发生模间干涉,当外界横向压力直接作用在多芯光纤内部光场,干涉仪具有较高的灵敏度.实验结果表明:马赫-曾德尔干涉仪压力灵敏度为28.57nm/(N·mm~(-1)),线性度为0.997,而光纤布喇格光栅在一定范围内对压力变化不敏感;马赫-曾德干涉仪和光纤布喇格光栅对温度变化都具有较高的线性度,温度灵敏度分别为56.1pm/℃和11.3pm/℃.对于分辨率为0.02nm的光谱仪,传感器可实现的压力和温度测量分辨率分别为7.0×10~(-4)N/mm和0.03℃.马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的透射谱和光纤布拉光栅的谐振峰对横向压力和温度的变化有不同的光谱响应,利用光谱仪对传感器的透射谱实时监测,方便地实现了压力与温度双参量的测量.该传感器结构简单,灵敏度高,可用于不同领域的压力传感.     

光纤光栅法布里-珀罗传感器频分复用技术

理论分析了光纤光栅法布里-珀罗(F-P)传感器频分复用技术的原理,并给出了信号处理对腔长选取的要求。数值模拟结果表明,不同腔长的传感器具有不同的谐振条纹频率,为保证频域中的信号不发生重叠,要求不同光纤光栅法布里-珀罗传感器间的腔长之差必须大于光纤光栅的长度。进一步的实验及模拟分析结果发现,温度等待测量的变化仅仅使光纤光栅法布里-珀罗传感器的反射光谱整体平移,相应的频域信号只产生相移而形状不发生变化,因而不能采用普通光纤法布里-珀罗(FFP)传感器的腔长傅里叶变换解调法解调频分复用光纤光栅法布里-珀罗传感器的信号。根据这一特点,提出了利用自相关分析实现频分复用传感器系统信号解调的方案。     

基于量子增强型光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的低频信号测量

利用低频光通信波段真空压缩态光场可实现基于光纤的量子精密测量.本文利用简并光学参量振荡器实验制备出1550 nm低频真空压缩态光场.在分析频段10—500 kHz范围内压缩态光场的压缩度均达3 dB.用实验制备的1550 nm真空压缩态光场填补光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的真空通道,实现了量子增强型光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪,完成了突破标准量子极限的相位调制频率为500 kHz的低频信号测量.与光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪相比,测量信噪比提高了2 dB.     

同时测量温度和曲率的光纤传感器

提出了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅和马赫-曾德干涉仪相结合的同时测量曲率和温度的光纤传感器.该光纤传感器在马赫-曾德干涉仪中熔接一段布拉格光纤光栅,其中马赫-曾德干涉仪由两个花生形结构单模光纤熔接而成.实验结果表明,马赫-曾德干涉仪的透射谱中干涉峰和光纤布拉格光栅透射谱中谐振峰对曲率和温度有不同的响应灵敏度,因此可以利用矩阵实现对曲率和温度的同时测量.实验中测得马赫-曾德干涉仪曲率灵敏度为-27.58nm/m-1,光纤布拉格光栅在一定的测量范围内对曲率的变化不敏感,马赫-曾德干涉仪和光纤布拉格光栅的温度灵敏度分别为0.038 69nm/℃和0.012 17nm/℃.该系统采用全光纤结构,光纤布拉格光栅嵌入到马赫-曾德干涉仪中,因而结构紧凑和简单,且易于实现.     

分布式光纤布里渊散射温度传感实验系统

提出一种基于布里渊光时域反射计法的分布式光纤布里渊散射温度传感系统.光源采用窄谱半导体激光器.声光调制器将光源调制成窄脉冲,并由高增益光纤放大器放大,产生高功率光脉冲信号,提高了自发布里渊散射信号的强度.采用双通马赫-曾德干涉仪将布里渊散射从瑞利散射中分离出来,在一段4.25 km长的光纤上进行分布式温度传感的实验研究.双通马赫-曾德干涉仪对瑞利散射进行了很好的抑制,得到了比较纯净的随温度变化的布里渊散射信号.     

用3×3耦合器的干涉仪直接解调光纤光栅传感器的信号

为了简单直接地解调出光纤光栅的波长移动 ,提出了另外一种非平衡马赫曾德尔干涉仪的直接解调技术。用一只 2× 2耦合器和一只 3× 3耦合器组成非平衡的马赫曾德尔光纤干涉仪 ,作为光纤光栅的波长移动解调器。解调器输出的 3路信号 ,互成 12 0°相位差。通过对 3路输出信号计算的方法 ,就可以直接解调出光纤光栅的波长移动。将 3路信号采集送入计算机 ,用软件实现了信号的解调。测量结果表明 ,在干涉仪两臂长度相关 5mm时 ,测量动态应变的分辨率达到了 0 5 1nε/Hz1/2 。还得到了输出信号的频谱和输入输出信号的关系。     

功能型液体折射率与温度双参量光纤传感教学实验

设计了光电专业光纤传感单参量测量向双参量升级的简易实验方案,采用宽带掺铒光纤放大器作为光源,光纤双锥马赫-曾德尔干涉仪结合光纤布拉格光栅作为液体折射率与温度双参量传感器,光谱仪测量特征波长变化用于待测量解调.经测试,功能型液体折射率与温度双参量光纤传感系统的折射率传感灵敏度为-34.663nm/RIU,温度传感灵敏度为10pm/℃.     

基于萨格奈克/双马赫-曾德干涉原理的长途管道破坏预警技术研究

针对现有技术在灵敏度和监测距离上的限制,提出了一种基于萨格奈克/双马赫-曾德干涉原理的分布式光纤传感方案,并对其探测和定位原理进行了分析.结果表明,利用从萨格奈克干涉仪解调出的信号可以判断有无破坏行为的发生,利用两个马赫-曾德干涉仪的输出信号可以实现对破坏行为的定位,从而为长途管道的破坏预警提供了一种较为理想的方法.     

基于线阵InGaAs光电二极管阵列的光纤光栅传感解调

采用线阵InGaAs光电二极管阵列和体相位光栅并结合空分复用和波分复用技术,对光纤光栅传感进行解调.设计了基于线阵InGaAs光电二极管阵列和体相位光栅的光纤光栅传感解调系统,通过系统测试和性能分析,该解调系统解调带宽42 nm,信噪比30 dB,波长偏移测量精确度±15 pm,功率测量精确度为±0.3 dB.基于线阵InGaAs光电二极管阵列和体相位光栅的光纤光栅解调系统不但尺寸小,功耗低,而且具有较高的解调速度.     

马赫曾德尔干涉仪型波长交错器研究

提出薄膜器件与光纤器件构成组合器件的概念，详细研究了薄膜Gires-Tournois干涉仪型光学全通滤波器与光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪组合成的波长交错器的传输特性。并讨论了反射系数、损耗、色散、耦合比等参量对器件性能的影响。最后，提出一个双向马赫-曾德尔干涉仪组合器件的方案及其在双向波分复用系统中的应用。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.