基于主元分析的干涉仪相移器校准方法

利用主元分析从一组干涉图中提取相位和相移量,得到相移量与驱动电压之间的对应关系,从而实现压电陶瓷相移器的非线性校准.模拟结果表明:主元分析法计算相移量的误差随着干涉图中条纹根数的增多而减小;当干涉图中条纹根数多于0.25时,相移量计算误差小于0.1664rad.实验结果表明:相移量计算误差是周期分布,对相移器校准准确度影响小.该方法无需迭代计算,且对干涉图中条纹根数没有严格要求,因此是一种高效且实用的校准方法.     

倾斜相移闭合干涉图的非迭代相位提取方法

针对带倾斜相移误差的闭合干涉图,提出一种非迭代的高精度相位提取方法.该方法用傅里叶变换估计闭合条纹的相位,并用图像分割校正相位的符号,然后利用Zernike多项式拟合确定倾斜相移量,最后用最小二乘拟舍得到高精度相位.数值模拟结果表明:该方法的相位提取误差随着干涉图中条纹根数的增多而减小;当干涉图中条纹根数为4.5时,倾斜相移的估计误差为0.37％.实验结果表明该方法的残余误差均方根值为0.121 7rad.该方法精度高,且无需迭代计算,可应用于相移干涉测量.     

一种变频相移干涉测量的相位提取算法

相位提取的精度直接影响相移干涉测量的精度。在变频相移干涉测量中,相移量由干涉腔长和波长变化量决定,必须对测试系统进行相位标定,但常因相位标定不精确而引入相移误差,影响相位提取的精度。运用一种基于迭代的相位求解算法,该算法无需对测试系统进行相位标定,可以在被测相位和相移量均未知的情况下,通过交替迭代法求解出被测相位。通过仿真比较了传统四步相移和基于迭代的相位求解算法的相位提取精度,结果表明,基于迭代的相位求解算法的相位提取精度优于传统四步相移算法的精度。     

相移干涉计量中相移器的同光路自动标定

基于相移干涉计量的基本原理，提出用相移ＥＳＰＩ光场的空间平均方法计算相位，不仅可实现相移干涉计量中相移器的同光路自动标定，而且还可以得到测量光场及所用相移器的计量特性．最后，将该标定方法所得相位值与等间距条纹相位标定值进行了比较，得到两者相对误差在可用电压区域内小于３％．     

任意相移阴影叠栅相位解调技术的研究

结合时域和频域干涉图分析方法,提出一种任意相移阴影叠栅条纹图相位解调技术,降低了干涉图在采样过程中对相移量的严格标定要求,补偿了相移阴影叠栅技术固有的相移不匀误差。使用空域技术确定采样干涉图的正交信号,进而得到了采样干涉图的相移量,然后运用任意相移相位提取算法搜索测量相位信息。实验证明此方法简单方便、求解迅速,且优于典型的相移算法,其测量误差的标准差不超过3×10-3 mm,该方法为提高相移阴影叠栅技术的测量精度提供了有效手段。     

单周期条纹双四步相移投影仪的标定方法

针对投影仪标定方法中存在畸变及倾斜投影引起条纹周期、条纹级数变化的问题,提出一种单周期条纹双四步相移投影仪的标定方法.设计生成横向和纵向各两组单周期条纹图像,经投影仪投影到带有圆形标识的标定板上,相机同步采集标定板图像,叠加由双四步相移获得的两幅相位主值图,对叠加相位主值图相位展开,利用展开的绝对相位值计算投影仪像素坐标值,最终将投影仪标定转换为成熟的相机标定.实验结果表明:仿真投影仪标定实验准确度的最大重投影误差约为0.4pixel,均方根误差为0.132 96pixel;实际投影仪标定实验准确度的最大反投影误差约为0.46pixel,均方根误差为0.143 12pixel;实验结果与仿真结果的最大反投影误差相差15%,均方根误差相差7.6%.与现有的采用三频相位展开进行投影仪标定的方法相比,投影光栅图像数可减少8幅.该方法改善了现有投影仪标定方法的不足,标定准确度和标定效率均得到提高.     

基于傅里叶变换模式的啁啾脉冲频域—时域相移转换的研究

基于频谱干涉原理和傅里叶变换的模式对啁啾脉冲频域相移转换为脉冲瞬态时域相移的基本原理进行了理论研究;推导出频域—时域相移转换过程中的相移误差传递公式;给出啁啾脉冲时域相移的最小时间分辨受制于参考脉冲的频谱宽度.对相移转换过程进行了数值模拟和分析,结果显示：通过该方法可以得到具有瞬态特性的时域相移,且频域相移误差是以被缩小的形式转换到时域的,与相移误差传递公式计算的结果具有较好的一致性. 关键词： 频谱干涉 频域相移 啁啾脉冲 时域相移     

基于最小二乘迭代的多光束相移算法

高阶谐波和随机相移误差是影响干涉测量精度的主要因素.为了同时解决这两问题,提出了基于最小二乘迭代的多光束干涉条纹分析方法.该方法利用傅里叶级数将多光束干涉条纹展开为基波和各阶谐波之和.它只需要5帧随机相移的多光束干涉条纹,即可通过最小二乘迭代准确地求得相移值和相位分布.模拟计算结果表明,当测试面反射系数小于0.6、随机相移误差的均方根小于1时,只需10次迭代运算即可将误差控制在0.005 (PV)和0.003(RMS)rad之下,精度比传统的五步算法精度高.实验结果进一步验证了该算法的有效性,并表明该算法比双光束相移算法优越.     

基于π/4相移平均的多光束干涉相位提取算法

菲佐干涉仪中如存在多光束干涉现象,干涉光强将不再是严格的余弦分布形式.在导出菲佐干涉仪中多光束干涉光强公式的基础上,给出了将其近似为理想多光束干涉光强公式的条件.推导了对多光束相移干涉图用四幅算法求解的相位计算误差,并据此提出了基于π/4相移平均的多光束干涉相位提取算法:通过采集相移间隔π/4的两组干涉图序列,将两次计...     

基于白光干涉测试技术的改进Carré相移算法

为了减小白光相移干涉法测量物体微观形貌时产生的误差,对极值法的搜索路径进行优化后与Carré相移算法相结合,提出一种基于白光干涉测试技术的改进Carré相移算法.该算法减小了光源扰动及电荷耦合元件散粒噪声带来的影响,且对相移器的线性误差不敏感,免去了相位解包裹过程,提高了运算效率.采用单刻线样块对扫描步距进行校准实现了光源中心波长的在线修正,减小了由于光源特性及环境扰动误差带来的影响.采用不同算法对标准粗糙度样块进行三维形貌恢复以及表面粗糙度的重复性测量实验,结果表明:该算法对表面粗糙度的测量结果较传统白光干涉算法准确度提高,测量重复性优于1%.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.