石墨烯/纳米铜复合材料的制备及红外性能研究

采用原位还原法制备了还原石墨烯/纳米铜复合材料,对其进行表征分析.测量该材料的中远红外波段的复折射率,计算其吸收系数和大气窗口内的法向光谱发射率并进行实验验证,进而分析其在中远红外波段的吸收和辐射性能.结果表明,纳米铜吸附在还原石墨烯表面,粒径集中在15~25nm;不同尺寸的纳米铜、还原石墨烯及其表面缺陷和官能团等的吸收特性,使该复合材料在8~9.2μm、6~6.5μm、2~3μm波段内的吸收较强,且在远红外波段吸收最强;其在3~5μm的法向发射率在0.65~0.68范围内,法向发射率在8~9.5μm内有最小值0.53,而后稳定在0.58左右,其总法向发射率分别为0.66和0.59,且与测量值相符.该复合材料可用于红外吸收、消光材料和隐身涂料等方面.     

海面油膜热红外发射率光谱特征研究（英文）

利用热红外遥感技术探测海面溢油存在能够全天时探测、更好地探测海表及油膜辐射特征和对油膜厚度的识别潜力较大等优势。而热红外发射率是物体在指定温度时的辐射能与同温度黑体辐射能的比值,在常温范围内,物体的发射率光谱与温度无关,仅与材质属性及波长相关。基于这一假设,以山东省东营市胜利油田孤岛采油厂获取的原油样品与渤海湾海水为材料,利用102F傅里叶变换热红外光谱辐射仪设计海面油膜发射率光谱实验,系统的测量分析了海面油膜随厚度连续变化过程中海面油膜发射率的变化特征与产生机理。结果表明,海表油膜的热红外发射率在甚薄阶段(20~120μm)变化较大,利用热红外发射率光谱能够较好的探测海表甚薄油膜;在8~10μm和在13.2~14μm波段范围内,海水与厚度为20μm的甚薄油膜存在较为稳定的发射率差异,利用该光谱范围内的油膜发射率可以用来探测20μm的甚薄油膜;在11.7~14μm波段范围内,油膜发射率与其厚度相关性小,油膜的发射率明显低于本底海水的发射率,利用该光谱范围内的油膜发射率可以用来探测较薄油膜的有无;在11.72,12.2,12.55,13.48和13.8μm这几个波长附近,油膜发射率随着油膜厚度的增加呈现出递增或递减,且变化幅度较大,利用这几个波长附近谱段的发射率可以用来探测较薄油膜的发射率光谱响应。     

激光辐照PC型HgCdTe探测器的实验研究

 分别用连续波1.319μm激光和10.6μm激光辐照PC型HgCdTe红外探测器时，得到了不同辐照光功率密度下，探测器输出的一系列实验结果。给出了在波长为1.319μm的波段内激光辐照下PC型HgCdTe探测器的饱和阈值；用波长为10.6μm的波段外CO₂激光辐照探测器时，发现了一些与波段内激光辐照探测器时大不相同的实验现象；对实验结果进行了分析。简要总结了PC型HgCdTe探测器对于波段内和波段外激光辐照的响应机制。     

空间目标地基观测红外辐射特性研究

构建空间目标辐射特性对于发展空间态势感知技术具有重要意义。本文针对空间目标红外辐射特性,基于有限元方法,采用非结构四面体网格研制了仿真程序,通过矢量坐标变换,计算得到了目标各表面受到的轨道外热流,并结合表面材料和双向反射分布函数（BRDF）对目标各表面温度和红外辐射特性进行了仿真,并与文献结果进行了对比。进而考虑大气衰减和背景辐射的影响,对地基探测条件下升轨和降轨弧段的目标光谱辐射强度进行了分析。结果显示：对于三轴稳定太阳同步轨道沿飞行方向固定式帆板卫星,各表面在阳照区和地影区内温度变化范围较小;使用8～14μm长波波段对目标进行观测的效果比3～5μm中波波段好;辐射强度最大值在770 W/sr左右;地基红外光谱探测受大气影响较大,需要对探测波段进行优选。     

太阳能集热和辐射制冷复合表面的研究

提出了一种太阳能集热和辐射制冷的光谱选择性复合表面,其在太阳辐射波段(0.2~3μm)和辐射制冷"大气窗口"波段(8~13μm)具有高吸收(发射)率,而在除此之外的其余波段(3~8μm、13~25μm)具有低吸收(发射)率。初步制备了该复合表面并对其进行光谱测试;建立了数学模型并进行了复合表面平衡温度的模拟计算;搭建了太阳能集热和辐射制冷复合装置并实验测试了复合表面在白天与夜间的平衡温度;搭建了太阳能集热和辐射制冷复合系统并进行了白天集热性能测试。     

1.06 μm连续激光辐照TiO2/SiO2/K9薄膜元件温升规律研究

利用1．06μm连续激光在不同强度下辐照TiO2／SiO2／K9薄膜元件,实验中用红外热像仪测量激光辐照在TiO2／SiO2／K9元件表面引起的温升随时间的变化,通过数据处理,获得激光辐照区域最高温度随辐照时间的增加而增加。同时,给出材料温升随材料发射率的变化关系。并用程序模拟不同激光强度下薄膜温度场的分布,通过实验测量数据校正数值模拟计算结果,给出TiO2／SiO2／K9薄膜元件温度随激光辐照强度和辐照时间的变化规律。并且获得在薄膜厚度方向：薄膜表面温度最高,基底与薄膜接触处温度最低;沿径向：激光辐照中心温度最高,边沿温度最低。     

1.06μm连续激光辐照TiO_2/SiO_2/K_9薄膜元件温升规律研究

利用1.06μm连续激光在不同强度下辐照TiO2/SiO2/K9薄膜元件,实验中用红外热像仪测量激光辐照在TiO2/SiO2/K9元件表面引起的温升随时间的变化,通过数据处理,获得激光辐照区域最高温度随辐照时间的增加而增加。同时,给出材料温升随材料发射率的变化关系。并用程序模拟不同激光强度下薄膜温度场的分布,通过实验测量数据校正数值模拟计算结果,给出TiO2/SiO2/K9薄膜元件温度随激光辐照强度和辐照时间的变化规律。并且获得在薄膜厚度方向:薄膜表面温度最高,基底与薄膜接触处温度最低;沿径向:激光辐照中心温度最高,边沿温度最低。     

地球临边大气红外辐射中太阳散射数值研究

为分析太阳散射辐射在地球临边大气红外辐射中的作用,基于地球与临边大气辐射传输与太阳散射模型,利用MODTRAN计算了中纬度冬夏两季在3~14μm红外波段的大气各组成辐射。针对3~5μm和8~14μm波段,计算了在不同的太阳角度下各大气模式下太阳散射辐射值及其所占总辐射的比例。结果表明在20°左右太阳角度下太阳散射辐射最强,且纬度越高、温度越低太阳散射辐射越强。在短红外波段太阳散射辐射为中长波段的30倍,短红外波段太阳散射辐射所占总辐射比例较高,最高可达80%,在中长波段比例低于0.1%,可忽略不计。     

水下航行器热尾流目标海平面探测红外成像仿真

红外成像是探测水下航行器海平面热尾流目标的重要方法。采用建模仿真的方法，基于尾流区海平面温度分布特征，结合三维坐标变换和投影映射方法实现热尾流目标的红外成像仿真过程，得到在相同探测条件下热尾流的辐射能量随波段的分布，以及不同探测方位角与高度下热尾流在像平面内的形态及红外辐射亮度的变化规律。论证了噪声对典型工况条件的热尾流与背景海面的对比度和清晰度，以及热尾流目标的探测和识别难度的影响。仿真结果表明:相同探测条件下，热尾流在8 μm~12 μm波段的辐射能量远远大于3 μm~5 μm波段；随着探测高度的增加，热尾流区域的红外辐射观测亮度逐渐减小；探测路径长度一定时，探测天顶角增大，热尾流红外辐射观测亮度减小，并且热尾流在像平面内所占区域逐渐减小。     

光电子技术与器件 红外技术与器件

P225.2 2007054677基于对比度的双波段被动红外测距=Passive IR ranging based on contrast in dual-band radiation[刊,中]/付小宁(西安电子科技大学机电工程学院测控系.陕西,西安(710071)) ,赵赓…//激光与红外.? 2007 ,37(6) .? 517-519建立了基于双波段对比度观测的被动测距算法。应用瞬时视场概念结合美国海军红外辐射传输模型描述大气透过率造成的衰减,在3 .4 ~5μm,8 ~12μm波段上得到了目标对比度与探测距离的关系式。分析表明,在相邻两个探测距离上可得到四个形如lnx bx c=0的超越方程。通过求解该超越方程组,即可获得相应的目标…     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.