基于氮化钛薄膜表面等离子体共振特性的双芯光子晶体光纤温度传感器（英文）

提出一种基于表面等离子体共振的双芯光子晶体光纤温度传感器,其中双芯光子晶体光纤为折射率导光型,其中心圆孔表面镀氮化钛薄膜,内部填充具有较大热敏系数的乙醇和氯仿的混合液体,其纤芯模与表面等离子体激元耦合的共振波长偏移可反映液体混合物的温度或折射率.利用全矢量有限元法分析了不同因素对传输损耗谱及其共振波长的影响.仿真结果表明:外包层空气孔直径增大,以及最内层包层空气孔直径和空气孔间距减小可以提高耦合效率,从而增强共振峰.对比分析发现在一20℃~120℃温度范围内,氮化钛薄膜比传统金膜表现出更好的等离子传感特性,随着膜厚增加,其共振波长偏移量增加,温度灵敏度提高,灵敏度最高可以达到6.22 nm/K.     

基于表面等离子体共振和定向耦合的D形光子晶体光纤折射率和温度传感器

利用光子晶体光纤结构的灵活性和性能的优越性, 设计了一种基于D形光子晶体光纤的折射率和温度传感器. 在D形光子晶体光纤表面抛磨并镀上金纳米薄膜, 作为表面等离子体共振传感通道用来测量液体折射率; 在包层的一个空气孔中填充温敏液体甲苯, 作为定向耦合通道实现对温度的测量. 进一步的数值计算发现, 基于定向耦合效应的温度传感和基于表面等离子体共振的折射率传感相互独立, D形光子晶体光纤同时进行折射率和温度传感检测. 在各向异性的完美匹配层边界条件下利用全矢量有限元法对该传感器特性进行了数值研究, 发现D形光子晶体光纤的空气孔直径决定了定向耦合吸收峰的中心波长和温度传感的灵敏度, 金薄膜的厚度和D形结构的抛磨深度仅影响表面等离子体共振峰的相对强度. 结果表明: 该传感器在-10–80 ℃的温度范围内具有11.6 nm/℃的温度灵敏度, 在1.34–1.44折射率范围内折射率灵敏度最高可达26000 nm/RIU.     

基于超连续谱的光子晶体光纤表面等离子体效应

 提出了利用光子晶体光纤空气孔塌缩技术制作光子晶体光纤表面等离子体共振传感器,构建了空气孔完全塌缩的光子晶体光纤表面等离子体共振传感器模型,并模拟计算了其中的表面等离子体共振效应。制作了全光纤化的波长检测型的光子晶体光纤表面等离子体共振传感器,利用超连续谱光源进行了相关实验。实验结果表明:以空气为待测环境介质时,对应的共振波长为465 nm,与理论计算相符合。     

基于空气孔微结构光纤的表面等离子体共振折射率传感器北大核心CSCD

提出了一种基于表面等离子体共振(SPR)效应增强的光子晶体光纤折射率传感器。该传感器结构通过光纤熔接机拼接光子晶体光纤(PCF),在光子晶体光纤中间引入一个空气孔形成PCF-空气孔-PCF的光纤传感结构,随后使用磁控溅射镀膜工艺在其表面沉积一层薄金膜制备而成。实验探究了折射率及温度对传感器的响应。结果表明,在1.333~1.389的折射率范围内,所提出的传感器的平均折射率灵敏度为2 142.52 nm,且测量线性度为0.981,品质因子约13.10。实验结果表明该传感器对温度不敏感。相比于无空气孔的PCF传感结构,引入的空气孔增强了SPR效应,使得传感器拥有良好的共振峰深度。得益于上述优势,该类型传感器有望在生物医学、环境监测等领域得到应用。     

基于双芯光子晶体光纤的中红外表面等离子体共振低折射率传感器

为了在中红外区域实现气凝胶、七氟醚(麻醉剂重要成分)等物质的折射率检测,拓展折射率检测范围,提出了一种基于双芯光子晶体光纤的表面等离子体共振低折射率传感器.光子晶体光纤由两种大小不同的空气孔围绕中心气孔构成,通过对光纤抛磨,最外侧大空气孔直接与待测物质接触,实现基于金属外涂覆的折射率实时测量.采用全矢量有限元法对该传感器的理论模型进行分析,结果表明,在1.12～1.37折射率范围内,传感器的共振波长位于中红外区域2 505～3 181nm,最高灵敏度为12 000nm/RIU,分辨率为8.33×10-6.该传感器利用中红外波段实现了低折射率检测,并且获得了超宽的检测范围和较高的灵敏度,在化工检测、生物医学传感以及水环境监测等领域具有广泛的应用前景.     

基于表面等离子体共振和定向耦合的光子晶体光纤传感器

设计了一种具有较大动态检测范围的新型光子晶体光纤折射率传感器。光子晶体光纤中一个空气孔镀上金纳米薄膜作为表面等离子体共振传感通道用来检测低于石英基底材料的液体折射率,一个空气孔填充待测液体作为定向耦合器通道用于检测高于石英基底材料的折射率。该传感器可以实现折射率为1.32~1.52范围内的检测,且具有较高的传感灵敏度。在各向异性的完美匹配层(PML)下利用全矢量有限元法(FEM)对该传感器特性进行了数值研究,结果表明:在1.32~1.44和1.46~1.52的折射率范围该折射率传感器灵敏度最高分别可达13500 nm/RIU和28700 nm/RIU,RIU为折射率单位。     

基于表面等离子体共振的双芯光子晶体光纤横向应力传感器EI北大核心CSCD

基于表面等离子体共振(SPR)效应,设计了一种采用双芯结构光子晶体光纤(PCF)作为光波导的横向应力传感器。通过建立SPR耦合波模型和PCF结构的形变模型,利用全矢量有限元法进行数值模拟,获得了基模共振峰的偏移量与横向应力的关系。结果表明共振峰波长的偏移量与所施加应力具有很好的线性关系。对PCF的截面结构进行优化设计,通过选择适当的空气孔层数、直径和周期,可获得较高的测量灵敏度。该研究可为基于SPR的PCF横向应力传感器的设计提供理论依据。     

微孔光纤表面等离子体共振传感特性分析

设计了纤芯周围具有6个大空气孔的微孔光纤用于表面等离子体共振(SPR)传感器.利用有限元方法研究金属膜厚、微孔间距、微孔尺寸及外界环境折射率对表面等离子体共振峰所处波长的影响及传感器的灵敏度.结果显示,金属膜厚及外界环境折射率对共振峰的位置都比较敏感,而空气孔的直径和孔间距在小范围变化时谐振峰的位置基本保持不变.该传感...     

基于侧边抛磨光纤表面等离子体共振的折射率和温度传感研究

用轮式侧边抛磨法制作侧边抛磨光纤,通过磁控溅射法溅射金膜制成侧边抛磨光纤表面等离子体共振(SPR)传感器,并通过理论和实验对传感器的折射率灵敏度以及温度特性做了深入研究。结果表明表面等离子体共振波长随待测样品折射率的增大向长波长方向漂移,平均折射率灵敏度为4.1×103 nm/RIU(RIU为单位折射率),高于已报道的结果;共振波长随待测样品温度的升高向短波长方向漂移,平均温度灵敏度为0.36nm/℃,故该光纤SPR传感器具有更强抗温度漂移能力和更高的高折射率灵敏度,其在生物化学传感领域有重要的应用。     

渐变空气孔双芯光子晶体光纤特性研究

为进一步开发新型光耦合器件,利用全矢量有限元法和平面波展开法分析了一种包层空气孔直径渐变的双芯光子晶体光纤,得到了其耦合长度、耦合系数以及色散系数随波长和结构参数的变化曲线。数值分析结果表明,与普通包层等空气孔结构光纤不同,此种结构的光子晶体光纤在一个极宽的波长范围内(0.4μm~2.4μm)耦合长度极短,耦合特性极强。当波长位于0.9μm~2.0μm之间时,具有近零超平坦色散特性。这种新型结构的双芯光子晶体光纤在光通信系统和光耦合器件的设计方面具有重要的应用价值。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.