Tunable multichannel filter in photonic crystal heterostructure containing permeability-negative materials

A tunable multichannel filter is demonstrated theoretically based on a one-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructure containing permeability-negative material. The filtering properties of the photonic crystal filter, including the channel number and frequency, can be tuned by adjusting the structure parameters or by a pump laser. The angular response of the photonic crystal filter and the influences of the losses on the filtering properties are also analyzed.     

Tunable double-channel filter based on two-dimensional ferroelectric photonic crystals

A tunable double-channel filter is presented, which is based on a two-dimensional nonlinear ferroelectric photonic crystal made of cerium doped barium titanate. The filtering properties of the photonic crystal filter can be tuned by adjusting the defect structure or by a pump light. The influences of the structure disorders caused by the perturbations in the radius or the position of air holes on the filtering properties are also analyzed.     

Analysis of plasma photonic crystal with a tunable band gap using parallel method

This paper presents a parallel frequency-dependent finite-difference time-domain ((FD)²TD) method for plasma in the dispersive media. Results obtained with parallel and serial algorithms verify that parallel (FD)²TD has the same precision as the serial (FD)²TD, while the parallel approach could reduce the CPU time efficiently. A tunable filter is analyzed based on a one-dimensional photonic crystal containing a plasma defect by this method. The tunability of the photonic crystal filter can be achieved by adjusting the defect layer parameters instead of changing the dimension of photonic crystal.     

Ultrafast tunable filter in two-dimensional organic photonic crystal

A tunable filter made from a two-dimensional polystyrene photonic crystal is fabricated by focused ion-beam etching. The pump and probe scheme is adopted to measure tunability based on the picosecond optical Kerr effect. The response time of the tunable filter, approximately 10 ps, is within the measurement resolution. The maximum shift of optical channels is estimated to be 6 nm under excitation of 15.9 GW/cm2 pump intensity, which is in agreement with the theoretical prediction.     

Beam focusing upon the reflection from crystals and multilayer periodic structures with variable period

The experimental spectral dependence of the intensity of the second harmonic (SH) generated in microcavities based on porous silicon photonic crystal demonstrates resonant intensity enhancement (by a factor of ～2×10²) in the vicinity of the cavity mode and at the edges of the photonic band gap. The enhancement is due to the combined effect of pump radiation localization inside the microcavity, multiple SH interference in the photonic crystal, and two-photon resonance of the porous silicon quadratic susceptibility at the SH frequency.     

High stability supercontinuum generation in lead silicate SF57 photonic crystal fibers

We report supercontinuum (SC) generation in a lead silicate SF57 photonic crystal fiber by using a 1550 nm pump source. The effective nonlinear coefficient of the SF57 fiber is simulated to be 111.5 W-1 ·km-1 at 1550 nm. The fiber also shows ultraflat dispersion from 1700 nm to 2100 nm. Our results reveal that with an increase of the average power of the incident pulse from 10 mW to 90 mW, the SC of the SF57 photonic crystal fiber is generated from 1300 nm to 1900 nm with high stability and without significant change in spectral broadening.     

Variable single-passband narrowband optical filter based on forward stimulated interpolarization scattering in photonic crystal fiber

A variable transmission spectrum single-passband narrowband optical filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It is based on forward stimulated interpolarization scattering (SIPS) in a photonic crystal fiber by applying a differential quadrature phase-shift keying modulation to the pump wave to broaden and shape the SIPS gain spectrum. By choosing the bit rate of the modulation data pattern, a flat-top steep-cutoff optical bandpass filter with a 3?dB bandwidth of 70?MHz and a 10?dB bandwidth of 90?MHz is realized. In addition, a variable narrowband optical notch filter is also realized by attenuation of the pump wave.     

对称型单负交替一维光子晶体的能带结构

构造了(AB)^N(BA)^N对称型两种单负材料交替一维光子晶体,利用传输矩阵法进行数值模拟.结果表明：这种单负交替对称型一维光子晶体具有一种特殊带隙结构,该带隙不敏感于入射角和晶格的无序性.在该带隙内出现了两个隧穿模,该隧穿模不敏感于入射角的改变和晶格的无序性,但能带及带隙内的隧穿模却敏感于晶格标度和周期数的变化;随着入射角的改变,带隙两侧的隧穿模趋于简并.这些特性对在利用此结构光子晶体设计双重超窄带滤波器时,具有一定的参考价值. 关键词： 光子晶体 单负材料 光子带隙     

Fabrication of two-dimensional organic photonic crystal filter

A high quality two-dimensional photonic crystal filter made of polystyrene is fabricated by the method of focused ion beam etching. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmittance spectrum are used to characterize the properties of photonic crystal filter. The measured transmittance spectrum is in agreement with the theoretical one. It is found that the filtering properties of photonic crystal filter, including the position and quality factor of optical channel, can be tuned by adjusting the width of line defect. PACS 42.70.Qs; 61.46.+w; 81.15.-z     

Relation between efficiency of second harmonic generation and spectral properties of a one-dimensional photonic crystal

Numerical calculation of second harmonic generation in a photonic crystal consisting of alternating quarter-wave layers of ZnS and SeF₂ pumped by a femtosecond tunable laser is carried out. The results are compared with the spectral characteristics of the photonic crystal obtained with the use of a matrix method for calculating transmission coefficients. It is shown that the maximum efficiency of conversion to the second harmonic takes place at a minimum group velocity mismatch of the pump and second harmonic waves, corresponding to pump frequencies in the range below the band gap edge of the photonic crystal.     

Optical parametric chirped pulse amplification based on photonic crystal fibre

A compact two-stage optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier based on photonic crystal fibre is demonstrated.A 1064-nm soliton pulse is obtained in a home-made photonic crystal fibre (PCF) with femtosecond pulse pumping and then amplified to 2 mJ in an Nd:YAG regenerative amplifier.After the amplified pulses pass through the LBO crystal,the 532-nm double-frequency light with an energy of 0.8 mJ and a duration of over 100 ps at 10-Hz repetition rate is generated as a pump source in the following two-stage optical parametric amplification (OPA).The 850-nm chirped signal light gain from the stretcher is 1.5×10 4 in the first-stage OPA while it is 120 in the second-stage OPA.The total signal gain of optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) can reach 1.8×10 6.     

Ultra-fast all-optical switching in MEH-PPV photonic crystals with resonantly enhanced nonlinearity

Photonic crystal all-optical switching is realized in two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals made of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene]. Organic polymer films are fabricated by a slow evaporation method. Under resonant excitation, the organic matrix provides very large third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility. An operating pump energy as low as 514 pJ/cm² and a high switching efficiency of 70% are achieved for the photonic crystal optical switching. A switching time of 45.6 ps is maintained due to fast Forster transfer of excitons.     

基于光子晶体光纤中受激布里渊散射的光载波抑制

设计了一种基于光子晶体光纤中受激布里渊散射的载波滤波器.该滤波器利用两个环形器和一段光子晶体光纤构成了一个环形腔,这种腔结构有效地降低了光纤中受激布里渊散射的阈值.理论分析了光子晶体光纤载波滤波器对提高光调制深度和射频增益的影响.利用25 m的高非线性光子晶体光纤作为受激布里渊增益介质,当入射载波功率为70 mW时,微波光子信号的射频增益为5.38 dB,实验结果与理论计算相吻合.     

多系双局域态光子晶体的可调谐滤波特性分析

利用紧束缚方法分析了双局域态光子晶体产生双缺陷模的机理, 采用传输矩阵法研究了一维光子晶体的光学传输特性, 并得到了透射谱与晶体结构参数的关系, 在此基础上讨论了光子晶体在受到单轴应力时所表现出的介观压光效应, 据此设计了一种结构简单的应力调制的近红外波段的多通道滤波结构.通过数值模拟可以看出, 随着各介质层折射率或厚度的增加, 缺陷模发生红移.当对多系双局域态光子晶体施加单轴拉伸应力时, 各缺陷峰都向长波长移动, 且缺陷峰峰值基本不变.经过数值拟合, 缺陷峰中心波长与对光子晶体施加单轴拉伸应力所产生的应变呈线性关系.该滤波器结构简单、可调谐性好, 在一系列精巧的光子晶体激光器、波分复用器或者其他精密仪器的制造中有一定的应用价值.     

Analysis of amplification properties of a photonic crystal fiber

In this work, effects of geometrical parameters and dopant concentration on amplification performance of Yb doped photonic crystal fiber amplifiers (YDPCFAs) are investigated. To this end, numerical results obtained from fully vectorial effective index method, are combined with conventional rate equations. The variation of the normalized frequency of the photonic crystal fiber with respect to air filling factor for different air hole spacing are depicted. Using obtained results, the single-mode region at signal and pump wavelengths are determined. In addition, the influence of dopant concentration on the maximum gain and optimum length are investigated. It is shown that by changing photonic crystal fiber cross-section parameters such as pitch and air filling factor, rather than increasing dopant concentration, one can obtain a higher gain at shorter optimum length. These results are useful for the design of YDPCFAs with less nonlinearity effects such as cooperative up conversion and Yb³⁺ ion quenching.     

Degenerate four-wave mixing based all-optical wavelength conversion in a semiconductor optical amplifier and highly-nonlinear photonic crystal fiber parametric loop mirror

The idler is separated from the co-propagating pump in a degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) with a symmetrical parametric loop mirror (PALM), which is composed of two identical SOAs and a 70 m highly-nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (HN-PCF). The signal and pump are coupled into the symmetrical PALM from different ports, respectively. After the DFWM based wavelength conversion (WC) in the clockwise and anticlockwise, the idler exits from the signal port, while the pump outputs from its input port. Therefore, the pump is effectively suppressed in the idler channel without a high-speed tunable filter. Contrast to a traditional PALM, the DFWM based conversion efficiency is increased greatly, and the functions of the amplification and the WC are integrated in the smart SOA and HN-PCF PALM.     

Different supercontinuum generation processes in photonic crystal fibers pumped with a 1064-nm picosecond pulse

Picosecond pulse pumped supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber is investigated by performing a series of comparative experiments. The main purpose is to investigate the supercontinuum generation processes excited by a given pump source through the experimental study of some specific fibers. A 20-W all-fiber picosecond master oscillator-power amplifier （MOPA） laser is used to pump three different kinds of photonic crystal fibers for supercontinuum generation. Three diverse supercontinuum formation processes are observed to correspond to photonie crystal fibers with distinct dis- persion properties. The experimental results are consistent with the relevant theoretical results. Based on the above analyses, a watt-level broadband white light supercontinuum source spanning from 500 nm to beyond 1700 nm is demonstrated by using a picosecond fiber laser in combination with the matched photonic crystal fiber. The limitation of the group velocity matching curve of the photonic crystal fiber is also discussed in the paper.     

Active phase control and frequency chirp effects on supercontinuum generation in high birefringence photonic crystal fiber

An acoustic-optics programmable dispersive filter (AOPDF) was first employed to actively control the linearly polarized femtosecond pump pulse frequency chirp for supercontinuum (SC) generation in a high birefringence photonic crystal fiber (PCF). By accurately controlling the second order phase distortion and polarization direction of incident pulses, the output SC spectrum can be tuned to various spectral energy distributions and bandwidths. The pump pulse energy and bandwidth are preserved in our experiment. It is found that SC with broader bandwidth can be generated with positive chirped pump pulses except when the chirp value is larger than the optimal value, and the same optimal value exists for the pump pulses polarized along the two principal axes. With optimal positive chirp, more than 78% of the pump energy can be transferred to below 750 nm. Otherwise, negative chirp will weaken the blue-shift broadening and the SC bandwidth.     

基于高双折射光子晶体光纤与光纤环的超宽带可调谐微波光子滤波器

提出一种基于高双折射光子晶体光纤与光纤环的超宽带可调谐微波光子滤波器.以多波长光纤激光器作为光源,向高双折射光子晶体光纤内填充温敏液体,通过改变填充温敏液体的温度,高双折射光子晶体光纤可具有不同的双折射,得到不同波长间隔的激光,从而使微波光子滤波器具有不同的自由频谱范围.当温度的变化范围为20~80℃时,仿真测得微波光子滤波器自由频谱的变化范围为2.49~39.9GHz.引入光纤环构建级联型微波光子滤波器,滤波器的主旁瓣抑制比可提高到33.6dB,Q值可达到499,提高了滤波器的频率选择性.     

Spectra of secondary emission during generation of optical harmonics in globular photonic crystals

Secondary emission spectra of globular silica photonic crystals when their surfaces were exposed to laser pulses 250 fs long at a power density to 1 TW/cm² have been studied. Optical harmonics and plasma emission were detected in this case. For the opal matrix containing pores filled with air, in the reflection mode, the third optical harmonic with a conversion efficiency of ～10% arises. The highest conversion efficiency for exciting radiation with wavelengths of 1026 or 513 nm is implemented when the frequencies of the exciting radiation or the second harmonic are near the stop band edge. In globular photonic crystals filled with sodium nitrite or barium titanate ferroelectrics, the second optical harmonic is observed. The exciting radiation conversion efficiency to the second optical harmonic was a few percent and depended on the frequency of exciting radiation and photonic crystal globule diameters. It is found that the plasma emission intensity increases with the exciting radiation power density. The dependences of the intensity of the second and third optical harmonics on the pump intensity are constructed for various photonic crystal globule diameters.