树脂法吸附白酒中高级脂肪酸酯的研究

低度白酒出现浑浊的原因是酒中存在少量高级脂肪酸酯类。本文合成了W树脂用于吸附除去白酒中这些酯类。结果表明,W树脂对上述酯类有较好的选择性和较大的吸附量,每周期通酒量可达250BV。树脂易于再生,再生效率可达100％。经树脂处理后酒的理化指标和风味不变;直接加水勾兑成38°以下低度白酒,其外观清亮透明,在-15℃低温下不出现浑浊。     

反式白藜芦醇双功能单体印迹固相萃取柱的制备及应用

采用自组装技术,分别以β-环糊精和甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,反式白藜芦醇为模板分子,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,制备了一种双功能单体印迹聚合物。 并将其作为固相萃取材料萃取红酒和白酒酒样中的反式白藜芦醇。 结果表明,与单功能印迹材料和非印迹材料相比,这种双功能单体印迹材料具有更高的吸附容量和选择性;结合高效液相色谱,建立了酒样中反式白藜芦醇浓度的检测方法。 该方法的线性范围在0.003~2 mg/L,红酒的回收率在87.9%~93.2%,白酒的回收率在89.3%~91.2%,检测限为0.001 mg/L。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定古造液酒中微量元素含量及功能评价

目的测定古造液酒中微量元素含量,并与饮用白酒、国囍酒比较,看其微量元素含量高低情况。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定微量元素含量。检测限为0.30~3.43μg·L~(-1),回收率范围在95.4%~104.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)范围在1.1%~2.0%。结果测定方法准确可靠。古造液酒中的微量元素明显高于饮用白酒和国囍酒。结论古造液酒富含微量元素,具有较高的临床价值。     

可视化阵列传感器技术鉴别不同香型白酒

决定白酒香型的物质种类繁多,成分复杂.采用可视化阵列传感器技术对中国白酒五大香型的代表酒样进行检测,在可视化区分的基础上采用分层聚类分析、主成分分析等统计分析方法,对检测结果进行分析.不同香型的白酒在聚类分析中可以正确归类,利用主成分分析得到的前3个主成分所代表的白酒75.8%的信息量就可以将不同香型白酒完全区分开,表...     

甜蜜素:白酒业新塑化剂危机

<正>白酒业尚未走出塑化剂风波,一份国家食品药品监管总局不久前公布的抽检不合格名单又使得"甜蜜素"成为这个行业的危机关键词。这份名单显示,近300款白酒产品出现各种质量问题,部分酒企产品曝出的不合格项目一致地栽在了添加剂甜蜜素上。国家食品药品监管总局介绍,本次专项抽检不合格率达9.26%,其中酒精度检出不合格样品占抽检样品总数的4.4%,其次是甜蜜素等甜味剂,占抽检样品总数的3.6%。根据相关国家食品安全标准和白酒产品标准规定,白酒     

甜蜜素：白酒业新塑化剂危机等

白酒业尚未走出塑化剂风波,一份国家食品药品监管总局不久前公布的抽检不合格名单又使得“甜蜜素”成为这个行业的危机关键词。这份名单显示,近300款白酒产品出现各种质量问题,部分酒企产品曝出的不合格项目一致地栽在了添加剂甜蜜素上。     

氨基甲酸甲酯磁性分子印迹聚合物吸附性能研究

以改性四氧化三铁颗粒为磁性载体,采用沉淀聚合法,以MC为模版分子,丙烯酸为功能单体,二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为致孔剂,制备了MC磁性分子印迹聚合物(MC-MIPs),同时研究了MC-MIPs对水溶液中MC的吸附性能以及在白酒中的富集效果。结果表明,在p H7,吸附时间3 h,温度20℃时,达到最佳吸附量19.752 mg/g,并且该MC-MIPs显示出对MC良好的专一性吸附,吸附过程符合Langmuir准二级动力学方程和Freundlich等温吸附方程,在白酒中的富集效果与水溶液中基本一致。MC-MIPs具有超顺磁性,便于吸附后固液分离,在MC富集净化处理中显示出较好的应用前景。     

气相色谱──计算机在白酒勾兑中的应用

通过对杭州大曲主要呈香显味微量组发的气相色谱分析，建立了杭州大曲的酒体模型，利用线性规划原理设计了白酒计算机勾兑系统。勾兑结果通过评定，证实采用该计算机勾兑系统可提高勾兑效率并降低生产成本。     

气相色谱──计算机在白酒勾兑中的应用

通过对杭州大典主要呈香显味微量组分的气相色谱分析，建立了杭州大典的酒体模型，利用线性规划原理设计了白酒计算机勾兑系统。勾兑结果通过评定，证实采用该计算机勾兑系统可提高勾兑效率并降低生成成本。     

盐化-减压浓缩-高效液相色谱法测定酱香白酒中乳酸和乙酸的含量北大核心CSCD

酱香白酒是中国最受欢迎的白酒之一,其中的两种有机酸乳酸与乙酸对白酒口 感的 影响较为强烈,一直是行业研究的热点。目前,白酒中有机酸的分析方法主要有高效液相色谱法[1-2]、气相色谱-质谱法[3-4]和离子色谱法[5]等。相较于其他香型白酒,酱香白酒的酒精度数大多在53°左右,含有更多种类的风味物质[6-7],这些复杂的物质与较高的酒精度数会给乳酸和乙酸的定量分析产生干扰。因此,在定量分析时往往需要对酒样进行适当的前处理。     

载铁(β-FeOOH)球形棉纤维素吸附剂去除地下水砷(Ⅲ)的研究

制备了一种载铁(β-FeOOH)球形棉纤维素吸附剂,并用于地下水中As(Ⅲ)的去除.吸附剂对As(Ⅴ)和As(Ⅲ)在吸附容量、选择性和速率等方面都具有良好的性能,无需预氧化As(Ⅲ),其适用pH范围宽,不必调节原水的pH.吸附剂孔隙度大,机械强度好,活性成分铁的载入量高,吸附As(Ⅲ)的活性好.Langmuir和Freundlich方程能较好地描述吸附平衡方程,其吸附动力学符合Lagergren准二级方程.吸附As(Ⅲ)的最佳pH范围为6-9.SO42-和Cl-等干扰离子均不影响As(Ⅲ)的去除.柱吸附实验表明,即使在较高流速和As(Ⅲ)进水浓度下,吸附剂对As(Ⅲ)的去除依然具有很高的穿透容量和饱和容量.吸附剂可以用NaOH溶液再生,洗脱和再生效率较高.活性成分β-FeOOH形态稳定,柱实验和再生时铁均无泄漏.     

Adsorption and deformation phenomena at interaction of N2 and microporous carbon adsorbent

Deformation of activated carbon adsorbent ACC (adsorbent obtained by removing Si from SiC) upon N(2) adsorption has been studied. To solve this problem, a dilatometer was used. Its main part was a line differential transformer, the core of which was connected to the adsorbent by means of a rod. Any changes in the adsorbent height caused a change in the core position in the transformer, which influenced the signal recorded from its secondary winding. These results were compared with the adsorption isotherms. High sensitivity of the dilatometric method has been shown. The dilatometer used allowed the measurement of absolute deformations in the range 1 x 10(-4) to 3 mm.     

以赖氨酸为配基的内毒素吸附剂的研究

内毒素血症可出现于多种疾病中,如大面积烧伤、重症肝炎、肝硬化等疾病,使机体免疫功能严重受损,引起多器官功能衰竭等一系列严重的病理变化,最终导致不可逆休克和死亡,在美国每年都有超过10万人死于此病,临床上尚无有效的治疗方法,因此,及时、有效地清除或破坏患者体内的内毒素,     

Adsorption in columns packed with porous adsorbent particles having partially fractal structures

A mathematical model is constructed and solved that could describe the dynamic behavior of the adsorption of a solute of interest in single and stratified columns packed with partially fractal porous adsorbent particles. The results show that a stratified column bed whose length is the same as that of a single column bed, provides larger breakthrough times and a higher dynamic utilization of the adsorptive capacity of the particles than those obtained from the single column bed, and the superior performance of the stratified bed becomes especially more important when the superficial velocity of the flowing fluid stream in the column is increased to accommodate increases in the system throughput. This occurs because the stratified column bed provides larger average external and intraparticle mass transfer and adsorption rates per unit length of packed column. It is also shown that increases in the total number of recursions of the fractal and the ratio of the radii between larger and smaller microspheres that make up the partially fractal particles, increase the intraparticle mass transfer and adsorption rates and lead to larger breakthrough times and dynamic utilization of the adsorptive capacity of the particles. The results of this work indicate that highly efficient adsorption separations could be realized through the use of a stratified column comprised from a practically reasonable number of sections packed with partially fractal porous adsorbent particles having reasonably large (i) total number of recursions of the fractal and (ii) ratio of the radii between larger and smaller microspheres from which the partially fractal particles are made from. It is important to mention here that the physical concepts and modeling approaches presented in this work could be, after a few modifications of the model, applied in studying the dynamic behavior of chemical catalysis and biocatalysis in reactor beds packed with partially fractal porous catalyst particles.     

Computerized capillary gas chromatographic analysis of hydrocarbon mixtures in workplace air

The quantitative composition of white spirit vapours in workplace air may differ considerably from the solvent being used, although all components are the same. By calculating the hygienic effect from the threshold limit value (NGV) of each component, a more reliable estimate is obtained of the occupational hazard than by using the NGV for white spirit. In this method the analyses were performed by on-column injection onto a temperature-programmed capillary column. Retention indices based on n-paraffins and isooctane were calculated using spline functions. Index tables were established for different hydrocarbon mixtures. The validity of the retention indices was found to be satisfactory, depending on the stability of the column and the possibility of optimizing the indices when replacing one column by another of the same type and dimensions. Comparisons were made with alternative methods for determining the concentration of white spirit vapours in air samples. A polar column was used to check the total content of aromatics.     

CAD-45大孔吸附树脂提取分离麦迪霉素的研究

用国产非离子型大孔网状树脂CAD—45吸附提取麦迪霉素，取代了传统的溶媒萃取法．试验确定了提取工艺条件：吸附最佳pH为8.3～8．5，流速为1／6ml／min；解吸前先用1％氨水1：1（V/V）洗柱；最佳解吸剂为醋酸丁酯，流速为1／12ml／min。收率可达84．8％。     

Iron-modified light expanded clay aggregates for the removal of arsenic(V) from groundwater

Iron modified materials have been proposed as a filter medium to remove arsenic compounds from groundwater. This research investigated the removal of arsenate, As(V) from aqueous solutions by iron-coated light expanded clay aggregates (Fe-LECA). Arsenic is effectively adsorbed by Fe-LECA in the optimum pH range 6-7 by using a 10 mg mL^− 1 adsorbent dose. Kinetics experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption mechanisms. Electrostatic attraction and surface complexation were proposed to be the major arsenic removal mechanisms. The experimental data fitted the pseudo-first-order equation of Lagergren. For an arsenic concentration of 1 mg L^− 1, the rate constant (k₁) of pseudo-first-order was 0.098 min^− 1, representing a rapid adsorption in order to reach equilibrium early. Equilibrium sorption isotherms were constructed from batch sorption experiments and the data was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model. Large scale column experiments were conducted under different bed depths, flow rates, coating duration and initial iron salts concentration to determine the optimal arsenic removal efficiency by Fe-LECA column. Volumetric design as well as higher hydraulic detention time was proposed to optimize the efficiency of the column to remove arsenic. In addition, concentrated iron salts and longer coating duration were also found to be crucial parameters for arsenic removal. The maximum arsenic accumulation was 3.31 mg of As g^− 1 of Fe-LECA when the column was operated at a flow rate of 10 mL min^− 1 and the LECA was coated with 0.1 M FeCl₃ suspension for a 24 h coating duration.     

A micro gas preconcentrator with improved performance for pollution monitoring and explosives detection

This paper presents the optimization of a micro gas preconcentrator based on a micro-channel in porous and non-porous silicon filled with an adequate adsorbent. This micro gas preconcentrator is both applicable in the fields of atmospheric pollution monitoring (Volatil organic compounds—VOCs) and explosives detection (nitroaromatic compounds). Different designs of micro-devices and adsorbent materials have been investigated since these two parameters are of importance in the performances of the micro-device. The optimization of the device and its operation were driven by its future application in outdoor environments. Parameters such as the preconcentration factor, cycle time and the influence of the humidity were considered along the optimization process. As a result of this study, a preconcentrator with a total cycle time of 10 min and the use of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as adsorbent exhibits a good preconcentration factor for VOCs with a limited influence of the humidity. The benefits of using porous silicon to modify the gas desorption kinetics are also investigated.     

吸附材料在元素形态分析中的应用

本文评述了相关吸附材料在元素形态分析中的应用及进展。主要讨论了它们在元素价态、游离态／结合态以及无机态／有机态分析中的应用情况。最后,还探讨了纳米金属氧化物材料在形态分析中应用的可行性。共引用文献107篇。     

Porous multicomponent chitosan/poly(ε-caprolactone)-block poly (ethylene glycol)/SiO2 aerogel@polydopamine membrane for Congo red adsorption

A composite adsorbent, chitosan//poly (ε-caprolactone)-block poly (ethylene glycol)/SiO₂ aerogel@polydopamine (CS/PCL-b-PEG/SA@PDA) membrane was prepared for the adsorption of organic dyes. The matrix polymer materials of this novel adsorbent were eco-friendly. SiO₂ aerogel with nanoporous network construction was fixed in the multicomponent polymer fibers through simultaneous electrospinning-electrospray technology followed by modification of polydopamine (PDA). The composite adsorbent had a maximum adsorption capacity of 598.8 mg/g for Congo red (CR) and possessed good reusability performance. This adsorbent showed excellent performance for the selective adsorption of relatively large molecule CR dyes even under high concentration of small molecule methyl orange (MO) dyes or 1 M of salt solution. The adsorption mechanism indicated that the –NH₂ and –OH groups in adsorbent could generate the stronger electrostatic attraction with the –SO₃^- groups in CR. Meanwhile, the sufficient adsorption spaces of the adsorbent were constructed by the porous network structure of SiO₂ aerogel, the accumulation of PDA particles and the porous structure of the multicomponent composite membrane. The work provided a proactive study in designing an adsorbent for the selective adsorption of organic dyes.