吸水膨胀橡胶的研究进展

介绍了吸水膨胀橡胶的吸水机理及制备方法,分析了影响吸水膨胀橡胶吸水膨胀性能和力学性能的各种因素,并展望了其应用前景。     

膨胀型阻燃涂料的研究进展

本文综述了近年来膨胀型阻燃涂料的研究进展,从膨胀型阻燃涂料的构成(基料、膨胀阻燃体系、填料颜料、助剂)出发,详细介绍了国内外基料的研究现况;并对常用的主要膨胀型阻燃剂,包括炭化剂、脱水催化剂和发泡剂进行了总结和分类;结合国外的研究,将常用几种填料对膨胀型阻燃涂料的性能影响作了系统的总结,对阻燃协效剂和其它助剂的影响和使用情况也进行了归纳和论述,并在此基础上对未来膨胀型阻燃涂料的发展趋势提出了建议。     

膨胀石墨制备方法的研究进展

综述了膨胀石墨制备方法的研究现状,重点阐述了两种常用制备方法:（1）以天然鳞片石墨为原料,先经氧化制得可膨胀石墨,再经膨化处理得膨胀石墨;（2）将氧化和膨胀同时进行的爆炸法。分析了不同制备方法的优劣。并对膨胀石墨的制备工艺进行了展望。参考文献48篇。     

三元脂肪酸/膨胀石墨复合相变材料的制备、包覆定形及热性能

采用癸酸、 月桂酸和棕榈酸的三元共晶混合物作为相变材料, 以膨胀石墨为基体, 通过膨胀石墨多孔结构的毛细吸附和复合涂饰剂的包覆定形, 将多元相变材料固定在膨胀石墨的孔道结构中, 制备出结构稳定、 密封性能优异、 热稳定性好和高导热的新型三元脂肪酸/膨胀石墨复合定形相变材料. 膨胀石墨具有膨胀疏松的多孔结构和良好的吸附性能; 其熔融潜热为95.6 J/g, 结晶焓为82.8 J/g, 说明其具有很好的相变蓄热特性和热循环稳定性; 材料的导热性能可增加至0.738 W/(m·K), 与脂肪酸相比得到大幅度提高.     

膨胀单体对环氧树脂的改性研究

介绍膨胀单体和膨胀聚合反应,综述膨胀单体对环氧树脂基复合材料,环氧树脂结合剂的改性研究及其进展,并提出今后的发展方向。     

气体节流膨胀过程的热力学分析

探讨气体节流膨胀过程中的熵(S)的变化,指出任何气体的节流膨胀都是熵增过程,并且是不可逆的。在此基础上,讨论和总结了节流膨胀过程的全部热力学特征。     

氧化程度对微细鳞片可膨胀石墨结构及膨胀性的影响

以平均粒径为19.71μm的天然微细鳞片石墨为原料,通过化学氧化法制备了具有不同氧化程度的可膨胀石墨,采用XRD、FTIR、Raman、SEM等对可膨胀石墨的结构与膨胀性进行了表征。结果表明:当氧化程度较低时制得的微细鳞片可膨胀石墨由石墨、石墨层间化合物和氧化石墨三相组成;随着氧化程度的增加,氧化石墨相含量与可膨胀石墨结构无序程度逐渐增高,石墨层间化合物相含量先增加后减少,石墨相含量则逐渐降低;氧化促使HSO4-或SO42-插入石墨层间,插入层间的HSO4-或SO42-量是决定可膨胀石墨膨胀容积的关键因素,制备的微细鳞片膨胀石墨的膨胀容积可达65.9mL·g-1。     

可膨胀石墨的制备

本文研究了一种以天然石墨和混酸为原料，高锰酸钾为氧化剂制备高膨胀容积可膨胀石墨的新方法。其最佳参数为：混酸与石墨的重量比为3∶1；高锰酸钾为石墨重量的8%；反应温度25℃；反应时间0.5 h。制得的可膨胀石墨每克可膨胀体积为375毫升，比传统方法制得的可膨胀石墨高出175 ml/g。     

膨胀聚合反应研究的进展

着重介绍膨胀聚合反应的类型和机理,讨论膨胀聚合反应研究中在的问题及今后的研究方向。     

气体膨胀液体技术制备纳米微粒研究进展

近年来,利用气体膨胀液体的相行为已经开发了许多气体膨胀液体微粒制备方法,并已在制备无机、有机材料、有机金属固体、医药、电子等方面的微细颗粒方面得到广泛应用。本文介绍了气体膨胀液体制备纳米颗粒的研究和应用进展。     

Organotransition-Metal-Mediated Borane-Cage Expansion

Attempts were made to synthesize dinuclear Group 6 metal complexes of the arachno -octahydrotriborate anion. Specifically, the dimer [CpW(CO) 3 ] 2 (Cp = m 5 -C 5 H 5 ) was employed as the metal reagent. However, the formation of dinuclear metallaborane complexes did not ensue. Rather, clean, rapid, systematic borane-cage expansion was observed. The [B 3 H 8 ] m cluster was quantitatively converted to B 5 H 9 ,[B 9 H 14 ] m , or [B 11 H 14 ] m , or both, depending on reaction conditions. Refluxing a 1:1 mixture of [B 3 H 8 ] m and [CpW(CO) 3 ] 2 in toluene or dioxane lead to the rapid, quantitative conversion of [B 3 H 8 ] m to B 5 H 9 . However, refluxing a 2:1 mixture of [B 3 H 8 ] m and [CpW(CO) 3 ] 2 in the same solvents yielded [B 9 H 14 ] m and [B 11 H 14 ] m as the primary products; when glyme was the solvent, only [B 9 H 14 ] m was observed, even after prolonged heating.     

含酰胺结构超低膨胀聚酰亚胺薄膜的热膨胀行为

采用联苯二酐与3种含酰胺结构二胺制备了具有不同取代基团的聚酰胺-酰亚胺薄膜,考察了酰胺结构对薄膜力学、耐热及尺寸稳定性的影响,研究了聚集态结构与薄膜热膨胀行为的关系和规律.该系列薄膜具有超高强度和优异的耐热性能,拉伸强度高达280. 5 MPa,玻璃化转变温度在389～409℃,并在30～300℃温度范围内表现出超低负膨胀,热膨胀系数(CTE,ppm/℃,即106cm·cm-1·℃-1)在-3. 05～-1. 74ppm/℃之间.聚集态分析结果表明,酰胺结构使分子链间形成了强氢键相互作用,分子链在薄膜面内方向高度有序取向,并在膜厚方向堆积更为紧密,使薄膜表现出热收缩现象.通过不同体积大小的取代基团进一步调控分子链间相互作用及排列堆积,可实现薄膜在高温下近乎零尺寸形变,为设计制备超低膨胀聚合物基板材料提供了新思路.     

Controlled Grafting Expansion Microscopy

Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a recently developed technique that allows for the resolution of structures below the diffraction limit by physically enlarging a hydrogel-embedded facsimile of the biological sample. The target structure is labeled and this label must be retained in a relative position true to the original, smaller state before expansion by linking it into the gel. However, gel formation and digestion lead to a significant loss in target-delivered label, resulting in weak signal. To overcome this problem, we have here developed an agent combining targeting, fluorescent labeling and gel linkage in a single small molecule. Similar approaches in the past have still suffered from significant loss of label. Here we show that this loss is due to insufficient surface grafting of fluorophores into the hydrogel and develop a solution by increasing the amount of target-bound monomers. Overall, we obtain a significant improvement in fluorescence signal retention and our new dye allows the resolution of nuclear pores as ring-like structures, similar to STED microscopy. We furthermore provide mechanistic insight into dye retention in ExM.     

Thermal Expansion of Arsenic

The temperature dependence of molar volume of arsenic was studied in the range 293-1410 K.     

Expansion coefficient of polyelectrolytes

The expansion coefficient of a flexible polyelectrolyte molecule is evaluated as a function of the concentration of simple salt added to the solution. It is shown that the coefficient has a term which is inversely proportional to the square root of the concentration of added salt.     

Expansion coefficients of fluorinated elastomers

An analysis of the behaviour of five fluoroelastomers in the temperature range ?120 to +150°C has been carried out by thermomechanical analysis; the linear expansion coefficient of crude and of gamma-irradiated fluoroelastomers has been evaluated. Finally the influence of the thermal history of the sample has been examined.     

Visible-Light Photocatalytic Intramolecular Cyclopropane Ring Expansion

Described herein is a new visible-light photocatalytic strategy for the synthesis of enantioenriched dihydrofurans and cyclopentenes by an intramolecular nitro cyclopropane ring expansion reaction. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations are used to elucidate the key factors in this new ring expansion reaction, and the need for the nitro group on the cyclopropane.     

Cationic Polymerization with Expansion in Volume

It is demonstrated that polymerization of bicyclic monomers in which two rings are opened for every new dbond formed in the polymer chain will produce either very small changes in volume or significant expansion.