Cationic dye adsorption by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide/maleic acid) copolymeric hydrogels prepared by gamma rays

N-isopropylacrylamide/maleic acid hydrogels containing different quantities of maleic acid have been synthesized with γ-radiation. The hydrogels were used in experiments on swelling, diffusion and adsorption of a cationic dye methylene blue. The diffusion of MB into the hydrogels was found to be the non-Fickian type. The factors influencing adsorption capacity of the hydrogel such as gel composition, and irradiation dose were systematically investigated. The equilibrium data for dye adsorption was better described by the Freundlich isotherm than Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic studies showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fits better than the data obtained from pseudo-first-order model.     

Studies on Permeation of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Through Photo-Modified Functionalized Asymmetric Membrane

UV-initiated photo-modification by hydrophilic functional moieties (viz. acrylic acid, acrylamide) is performed on the photo-responsive Polyether sulfone (PES) membrane. Characterization of the modified membranes has been done by porometry, Fourier Transform-IR (FTIR), contact angle, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and gel permeation chromatography. The grafting of acrylamide is higher compared to acrylic acid, as is evidenced from weight increase, as well as porometry studies. The separation abilities of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) have been experimented through all the membranes and results show that modified membranes possess a better separation ability compared to virgin polyether sulfone. The separation order follows the trend: PES-g-(AM) > PES-g-(AA) > PES. pH dependence conformational changes of BSA macromolecule influence the separation. The increase in pH results in the decreasing trend in separation. The water flux recovery ratio (FRR) for the virgin PES membrane is minimum compared to other two grafted membranes.     

Adsorption of bovine serum albumin to acrylamide–itaconic acid hydrogels

In this study, acrylamide–itaconic acid hydrogels containing different amounts of itaconic acid prepared by irradiating with γ radiation are discussed. They have been used in experiments of swelling, diffusion and bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption. Maximum and minimum swellings were observed with water (1520%) and BSA (890%), respectively. Diffusion of water, NaCl and BSA within hydrogels were found to be non-Fickian in character. In the experiments of BSA adsorption, type III adsorption was found. The hydrogel prepared with 60 mg itaconic acid and irradiated at 2.00 kGy was found to be the best adsorption system for BSA. The adsorption capacity of acrylamide–itaconic acid hydrogel was found to exceed that of acrylamide hydrogel by more than 80–100%.     

Uranyl ion uptake capacity of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide/maleic acid) copolymeric hydrogels prepared by gamma rays

The effect of gel composition, absorbed dose and pH of the solution on the uranyl ion uptake capacity of N-isopropylacrylamide/maleic acid copolymeric hydrogels containing 0–3 mol% of maleic acid at 48 kGy have been investigated. Uranyl uptake capacity of hydrogels are found to increase from 18.5 to 94.8 mg [UO₂²⁺]/g dry gel as the mole % of maleic acid content in the gel structure increased from 0 to 3. The percent swelling, equilibrium swelling and diffusion coefficient values have been evaluated for poly(N-isopropylacrylamide/maleic acid) hydrogels at 500 ppm of uranyl nitrate solution.     

pH/temperature - sensitive imprinted ionic poly(N-tert-butylacrylamide-co-acrylamide/maleic acid) hydrogels for bovine serum albumin

In this study, we have prepared pH/temperature-sensitive imprinted ionic poly(N-tert-butylacrylamide-co-acrylamide/maleic acid) [P(TBA-co-AAm/MA)] hydrogels for bovine serum albumin (BSA) by using molecular imprinting method. BSA adsorption from aqueous BSA solutions was investigated with two types of hydrogel systems prepared by non-imprinted and imprinted methods. Hydrogels imprinted with BSA showed higher adsorption capacity and specificity for BSA than hydrogels prepared by the usual procedure. At all studied conditions, the highest BSA adsorption was observed in the hydrogel imprinted with 8.63 wt.-% BSA. In addition, the imprinted hydrogels exhibited both for good selectivity BSA and high adsorption rate depending on the number of BSA-sized cavities. Adsorption studies showed that other stimuli, such as pH, temperature and initial BSA concentration also influenced the BSA adsorption capacity of both non-imprinted and imprinted hydrogels.     

Cationic dye adsorption by acrylamide/itaconic acid hydrogels in aqueous solutions

Acrylamide/itaconic acid (AAm/IA) hydrogels containing different quantities of itaconic acid have been irradiated with γ radiation. The hydrogels were used in an experiment concerning the adsorption of cationic dyes such as Basic Blue 9, Basic Violet 1 and Basic Blue 12. In the experiments of the adsorption of dyes from their synthetic aqueous solutions, type S adsorption isotherms were found. One mole of monomeric unit of AAm/IA hydrogels adsorbed 78.5–513.1 μmole of Basic Blue 9, 60.2–641.1 μmole of Basic Violet 1 and, 28.8–593.3 μmole of Basic Blue 12, while acrylamide hydrogel did not adsorb any cationic dye. As a result, it was shown that the AAm/IA hydrogels could be used as an adsorbent for water pollutants such as dyes, and immobilization of these organic contaminants in the hydrogels from waste water can solve one of the most important environmental problems of the textile industry. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanogels/poly(acrylamide) nanostructured hydrogels

Here we report the preparation and characterization of nanostructured thermo-responsive poly(acrylamide) (PAM)-based hydrogels. The addition of slightly crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) nanogels to AM reactive aqueous solution produces nanostructured hydrogels that exhibit a volume phase transition temperature (T_VPT). Their swelling kinetics, T_VPT's and mechanical properties at the equilibrium-swollen state (H_eq) are investigated as a function of the concentration of PNIPA nanogels in the nanostructured hydrogels. Nanostructured hydrogels with PNIPA nanogels/AM mass ratios of 20/80 and above exhibit higher H_eq and longer time to reach the equilibrium swelling than those of the conventional PAM hydrogels. However, the PNIPA nanogels possess thermo-responsive character missing in conventional PAM hydrogels. The T_VPT of nanostructured hydrogels depends on PNIPA nanogel content but their elastic and Young moduli are larger than those of conventional hydrogels at similar swelling ratios. Swelling kinetics, T_VPT, and mechanical properties are explained in terms of the controlled in-homogeneities introduced by the PNIPA nanogels during the polymerization.     

Swelling equilibria and dye adsorption studies of chemically crosslinked superabsorbent acrylamide/maleic acid hydrogels

Superswelling acrylamide (AAm)/maleic acid (MA) hydrogels were prepared by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution of AAm with MA as comonomer with some multifunctional crosslinkers such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate and 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate. AAm/MA hydrogels were used in experiments on swelling and adsorption of a water-soluble monovalent cationic dye such as Basic Blue 17 (Toluidin Blue). As a result of dynamic swelling tests, the influence of relative content of MA on the swelling properties of the hydrogel systems was examined. AAm/MA hydrogels were swollen in the range 1660-6050% in water, while AAm hydrogels swelled in the range 780-1360%. Equilibrium water content of AAm/MA hydrogels were calculated in the range 0.8873-0.9837. Water intake of hydrogels followed a non-Fickian type diffusion. The uptake of the cationic dye, BB-17 to AAm/MA hydrogels is studied by batch adsorption technique at 25 °C. In the experiments of the adsorption equilibrium, S-type adsorption in Giles's classification system was found. The binding ratio of hydrogel/dye systems was gradually increased with the increase of MA content in the AAm/MA hydrogels.     

铜、锌离子对齐墩果酸与蛋白质相互作用的影响

使用荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱研究金属离子存在下对齐墩果酸(OA)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的影响.实验结果表明,生理pH值条件下齐墩果酸对牛血清白蛋白的荧光猝灭可能是一个单一的静态猝灭过程.求得了OA与BSA相互作用的结合常数为6.16×103 L·mol-1.Zn2+或Gu2+存在下,OA对BSA的荧光猝灭类型没...     

pH-effects in the complex formation of polymers I. Interaction of poly(acrylic acid) with poly(acrylamide)

The effects of polymer concentration, molecular weight of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), addition of sodium, potassium, ammonium and copper (II) chlorides on the complex formation ability of the system PAA-poly(acrylamide) (PAAM) have been studied in aqueous solutions. The critical pH values of the complexation were determined in different conditions. The complex formation ability of PAAM is compared with other non-ionic polymers. It was shown that an increase in polymers concentration, molecular weight of PAA and ionic strength favours the complexation and shifts the critical pH values to the higher pH region. An addition of CuCl₂ to the mixture of two polymers enhances the complexation drastically due to the formation of triple complexes.     

Radiation synthesis and uranyl‐ion adsorption of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate/maleic acid) hydrogels

A new kind of copolymeric hydrogel adsorbent containing hydrophilic groups that both provides swelling in water and chelates with uranyl ions was synthesized, and its adsorptive ability for recovering uranium from aqueous media was investigated. The uranyl adsorption capacities of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate/maleic acid) hydrogels were determined with a polarographic technique to be 3.2–4.8 (mg UO/g dry gel) from a 15‐ppm uranyl nitrate solution at pH, 6 depending on the molar content of maleic acid in the hydrogel. Adsorption studies showed that other stimuli, the temperature, and the ionic strength of the solution also have important roles in the uranyl‐ion adsorption capacity of these hydrogels. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 39: 277–283, 2001     

光谱法研究核壳量子点CdTe/CdS与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

应用荧光光谱、圆二色光谱和紫外吸收光谱等技术研究核壳量子点CdTe/CdS与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的结果表明,CdTe/CdS对BSA的荧光猝灭机理为静态猝灭。根据不同温度下量子点对BSA的荧光猝灭作用计算了结合常数、热力学参数,证明了量子点与BSA相互作用力主要是范德华力或氢键作用力。探讨了量子点对BSA构象的影响。     

氨基黑10B与牛血清白蛋白作用的光谱法研究

用紫外、荧光、圆二色光谱法研究了氨基黑10B与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)结合反应的光谱特性.结果表明氨基黑10B对牛血清白蛋白的荧光有猝灭作用,其猝灭类型属于静态猝灭;得到了不同温度下的结合常数和结合位点数;利用Gibbs-Helmholtz方程计算得到该猝灭反应的热力学参数,表明氨基黑10B主要以氢键和范德华力与BSA相互作用;圆二色和同步荧光光谱显示氨基黑10B对BSA构象产生了影响.     

Preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels with radiation grafted citric and succinic acid groups

Ternary mixtures of PVA/Citric acid (CA)/water and PVA/Succinic acid (SA)/water were gamma irradiated to various doses in air at ambient temperature. Gelation % vs dose curves were constructed and swelling behavior of gels with maximum conversions was studied. In maximum gelled systems 80% of CA used in the feed composition was retained in the gel structure whereas this was only 20% for SA. The volume of swelling of ionic PVA gels increased from 230% to 530% for PVA/CA systems when pH was increased from 2.6 to 7.5. Less significant increase in swelling was observed for PVA/SA gels, from 250% to 330% in the same pH interval. The incorporation of SA and CA groups onto PVA networks improved remarkably the affinity of these structures for Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ion uptake.     

Highly stretchable and self-healing hydrogels based on poly(acrylic acid) and functional POSS

Herein, we present a novel way for the production of self-healing hydrogels with stretch beyond 4200% than their initial length and relatively high tensile strength(0.1?0.25 MPa). Furthermore, the hydrogel was insensitive to notch. Even for the samples containing V-notches, a stretch of 2300% was demonstrated. The hydrogels were developed by in situ crosslinking of the self-assembled colloidal poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)/functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane(POSS) micelles. This was achieved by the addition of functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane with tertiary amines and hydroxyls(POSS-AH) into the PAA reaction solution. The POSS-AH led to micellar growth, then the dualcrosslinked network was constructed. One type of crosslink was formed by hydrogen-bonding and ionic interactions between PAA chains and POSS-AH, the other type of crosslink was formed by covalent bonds between PAA and bis(N,N'-methylenebis-acrylamide).     

Immobilization of Bovine Serum Albumin on Poly(ether ether ketone)for Surface Biocompatibility Improvement

UV-induced graft polymerization of acrylic acid(AA)on poly(ether ether ketone)(PEEK)films was carried out to introduce-COOH for the subsequent immobilization of bovine serum albumin(BSA).BSA was introd...     

The effect of solvent composition on swelling and shrinking properties of poly(acrylamide-co-itaconic acid) hydrogels

The peculiarities of the equilibrium swelling ratio and swelling-shrinking kinetics of polyelectrolyte copolymeric hydrogels consisting of acrylamide and itaconic acid (AAm/IA) have been studied in water/nonsolvent (acetone, methanol, ethanol and 1-butanol) mixtures as a function of solvent composition and IA content in the hydrogel. The phase transition of these hydrogels was generated by changing the solvent composition by progressive substitution of water by the nonsolvent. For all P(AAm/IA) hydrogels, the form of the shrinking curves was determined to be strongly dependent on the type of the nonsolvent used. The rate of shrinking of these hydrogels increased in the order 1-butanol < ethanol < methanol < acetone.     

Structure and swelling-release behaviour of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and acrylic acid (AAc) copolymer hydrogels prepared by gamma irradiation

Copolymer network hydrogels were prepared by gamma irradiation of aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and acrylic acid monomer (AAc). The composition of the final hydrogels compared to the composition of the initial preparation solutions of hydrogels was determined. The chemical structure and nature of bonding was characterized by IR spectroscopy analysis, while the thermal durability of the prepared hydrogels was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetic swelling in water and the pH-sensitivity of PVP/AAc copolymer hydrogels was studied. The drug release properties of PVP/AAc hydrogels taking methyl orange indicator as a drug model was investigated. The IR spectra indicate the formation of copolymer networks, whereas the TGA study showed that the PVP/AAc hydrogels possess higher thermal stability than pure PAAc and lower than PVP hydrogels. The kinetic swelling in water showed that all the hydrogels reached equilibrium after 24 h and that the degree of swelling increases with increasing the ratio of AAc in the initial feeding solutions. It was found that the degree of swelling of PVP/AAc hydrogels increases greatly within the pH range 4-7 depending on composition.     

牛血清白蛋白在医用聚氨酯弹性体表面的吸附

制备了具有较好机械性能的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)型聚氨酯弹性体胶片, 并进行表面肝素化处理, 得到抗凝血医用导管材料. 将聚氨酯胶片浸泡在牛血清白蛋白(BSA)水溶液中, 利用稀溶液黏度法研究了牛血清白蛋白在聚氨酯胶片表面的动态吸附情况, 并采用界面校正黏度方程计算溶液浓度变化. 研究发现, 牛血清白蛋白分子能迅速吸附到聚氨酯胶片表面, 但达到吸附平衡需要较长时间. 牛血清白蛋白在聚氨酯表面吸附后的溶液中分子构象发生变化.     

Assembly of poly(dopamine)/poly(acrylamide) mixed coatings by a single‐step surface modification strategy and its application to the separation of proteins using capillary electrophoresis

In this work, a facile approach was developed to modify a fused‐silica capillary inner surface based on poly(dopamine) and poly(acrylamide) mixed coatings for protein separation by capillary electrophoresis. The surface morphology, thickness, and chemical components of poly(dopamine)/poly(acrylamide) mixed coatings on glass slides and silicon wafers were studied by atom force microscopy, ellipsometry, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The hydrophilicity and stability of the mixed coatings on glass slides were investigated by static water contact angle measurements. A comparative study of electroosmotic flow showed that the poly(dopamine)/poly(acrylamide) mixed coatings could provide effective suppression of electroosmotic flow. Meanwhile, the fast and efficient separations of the mixture of four alkaline proteins, the mixture of acidic, basic, and neutral proteins and egg white proteins were obtained by capillary electrophoresis. Furthermore, the consecutive protein separation runs and low RSDs of migration time demonstrated that these poly(dopamine)/poly(acrylamide) mixed coatings were capable of minimizing protein adsorption during the protein separation by using capillary electrophoresis.