THERMAL ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURE STUDIES ON THE BLENDS OF LIQUID CRYSTALLINE COPOLYESTERS AND PET, PBT

The apparent uniform blends of liquid crystalline aromatic copolyesters and semiflexible polyesters PET or PBT were obtained by mechanical mixing in the molten state within certain range of composition.The effects of blending with liquid crystalline components on the structure of homopolyester matrix were examined by thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. These results suggest that the LC component in the blend may possibly be acting as a nucleating agent, or it may induce axial orientation of molecules promoting the local ordering of matrix. For the blends of PET, these influences mainly display in narrowing the width of cold crystalline peak and enhancing the main peak of x-ray diffraction; and for the blends of PBT, the pre-melting crystalline peak was enhanced.     

NUCLEATION ACTION OF THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMERS IN THE BLENDS WITH PET

The present work concerns the crystallization of PET accelerated by addition of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCP)based on two aromatic copolyesters: PHB/PET (60:40 ) and PHB/HDA/2,6-DNA /IPA ( 50:25 : 12.5 : 12.5 ). The investigation has been made by measurements of the cold-crystallization and melt-crystallization temperatures by DSC and of the changes of density and depolarizing light intensity during the isothermal process. In addition, the morphology of selectively etched surface of compressing pellets proved the presence of crystalline fibrillar structure, it can be supposed to have grown up from the micelle nucleus based on bundle of rigid TLCP chains.     

STUDIES ON MISCIBILITY OF POLY (ε-CAPROLACTONE) AND ALIPHATIC POLYCARBONATE BLENDS AND DETERMINATION OF THEIR INTERACTION PARAMETER*

In this paper the miscibility of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and aliphatic polycarbonate (APC) is studied by using DSC. The results show that PCL and APC are miscible in all ranges of composition. The interaction parameter between the polymers is calculated from the melting point depression data. Using optical microscope, the shapes of the PCL spherulites in the blends are observed.     

STUDIES ON THE SEQUENCE STRUCTURE OF TPA/EG/PHB LIQUID CRYSTALLINE COPOLYESTERS

In this paper, the sequence structure of TPA/EG/PHB liquid crystalline copolyesters made from different synthetic methods has been studied by ~1H-NMR with the help of computer program of processing peaks. The results showed that the ether bonds were not observed in TPA./EG/PHB copolyesters and the synthetic process had a great effect on their sequence structure. Under certain conditions, the high,random TPA/EG/PHB copolyesters which were considered to have higher performances than PET/xPHB could be obtained.     

聚(L-丙交酯)/聚(DL-丙交酯)的结晶性能及相溶性

用共溶液沉淀法制备了聚 (L 丙交酯 ) 聚 (DL 丙交酯 )共混物 (PLLA PDLLA) ,然后用成纤模压法压制成3 2mm的棒材 .用差示扫描量热法研究了共混物的结晶性能和相溶性 .结果表明 ,PLLA组分在共溶液沉淀过程中可生成结晶 ,共混物中PDLLA含量直到 30 %时 ,PLLA组分的结晶熔融温度和结晶度与纯PLLA相同 ,但PDLLA含量为 5 0 %时 ,PLLA组分的结晶熔融温度和结晶度明显下降 .由于加工成型条件的不一致性 ,共混物棒材中的PLLA组分的结晶熔融温度和结晶度呈较大的分散性 .共混物从熔体降温 ,在其后的升温DSC扫描中出现分别相应于PDLLA和PLLA的玻璃化转变 ,表明PDLLA与未结晶的PLLA形成的非晶相是不相溶的     

羧化聚苯醚和聚苯乙烯共混物的形态研究

研究了同时具有最高临界互溶温度和最低临界互溶温度的羧化聚苯醚／聚苯乙烯共混体系随退火温度的变化而发生的相形态结构的变化．研究了此共混体系的相分离机理．并发现了此特殊共混体系低温和高温区的相分离机理是不同的．从分子的结构和分子间特殊相互作用上探讨了此共混体系产生特殊相行为的原因．     

STUDY ON THE BLENDS OF NYLON 66 AND LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYESTERS

Blends of polyamide (Nylon 66) with two different kinds of liquid crystalline polyesters were studied in all the composition range. Homogeneous samples were obtained by coprccipitation from 2 wt%. solution of blends. The thermal properties, crystallinity and morphology of these blends were studied by using DSC, polarizing microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The phase transition and morphology of the blends are markedly-influenced by the composition of liquid crystalline polyesters. The mechanical behaviour of PHB/HNA-Nylon 66 blend was improved. although polyamidc (Nylon 66)with the liquid crystalline polyesters were incompatible, but a rather strong interaction between the polymers did exist.     

离聚物及其共混体系的研究──2．配位络合和质子转移对共混体系的增容作用

通过将苯乙烯（Ｓ）及甲基丙烯酸正丁酯（ｎＢｍａ）分别与少量的４－乙烯基吡啶（４－Ｖｐ）自由基共聚，在聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）及聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯（ＰＢｍａ）链上分别引入了功能基团吡啶基制得共聚物ＳＶｐ和ＢｍａＶｐ．然后将共聚物络合上过渡金属离子或结合上来自羧酸的质子，以制得离聚物及其共混物．这里共混物的两组分均具有正电荷．红外光谱（ＩＲ）、差示扫描量热法（ＤＳＣ）及透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）的研究结果表明，通过配位络合和质子转移而引入两聚合物的同种离子对共混体系有显著的增容作用．     

对羟基苯甲酸(PHB)聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)液晶共聚酯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯共混物的酯交换表征

在温度280℃附近对含有液晶共聚酯P-Hydroxy Benzoic Acid/Poly(-Ethylene Terephthalate-)PHB/PET和Poly(-Ethylene Terephthalate-)PET的共混样品进行热处理时,发现共混物的熔点随热处理的时间增加而不断降低,热处理温度越高,相同时间内共混物熔点下降程度越大;而具有相同热历史的纯PET样品熔点几乎保持不变.通过NMR方法证实了PHB/PET-TET共混物熔点随热处理时间下降是由于PHB/PET和PET之间发生了酯交换反应.所以可根据共混物的宏观热性质和PHB/PET序列结构变化表征PHB/PET和PET共混物之间的酯交换程度.     

聚（β－羟基丁酸酯）／聚双酚A羟基醚共混体系相容性及结构的研究

ＤＳＣ和ＦＴＩＲ测试表明，结晶／非晶共混体系聚（β－羟基丁酸酯）（ＰＨＢ）／聚双酚Ａ羟基醚（ＰＢＨＥ）是部分相容的．熔融结晶退火可以大大提高共混物的结晶度，增加其相容性，７５／２５组分ＰＨＢ相结晶度最大，５０／５０组分（０２０）、（１３０）晶面微晶尺寸最大．ＳＡＸＳ研究表明，纯ＰＨＢ的中间层约为１．５ｎｍ，片层厚约４．０ｎｍ；共混物的中间层在２．０ｎｍ左右，片层厚在５．０—７．２ｎｍ之间，５０／５０组分片层最厚．７５／２５组分晶相和非晶相的密度差最大．     

聚β—羟基丁酯酯／超高分子量聚氧化乙烯共混体系相容性和结晶行为

为了解决废弃塑料引起的“白色污染”问题,世界各国竞相研制开发可生物降解高分子材料,其中,有关聚β羟基丁酸酯［ｐｏｌｙ（βｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｂｕｔｙｒａｔｅ）（ＰＨＢ）］的研究尤其活跃．然而,由于商品价格较高,材料本身抗冲击性能较差、加工窗口较窄等限制...     

傅立叶变换红外光谱法研究羧化聚苯醚和聚苯乙烯共混物的相分离行为

用傅立叶红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）中差示光谱技术研究了具有特殊相行为的羧化聚苯醚（ＣＰＰＯ）和聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）共混体系特征红外吸收谱带随相区的转变而发生的变化．发现当核化度为８．０ｍｏｌ％时，ＣＰＰＯ／ＰＳ共混体系的红外特征吸收峰的频率位移速率随温度的变化与该体系的特殊相行为（即同时具有ＵＣＳＴ和ＬＣＳＴ）有相互对应关系．研究了随温度变化，共混体系中分子间特殊相互作用的变化．探讨了此共混体系相容和相分离的机理．     

PTT/PET共混体系晶体形态与结晶性能的研究

用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)和正交偏光显微镜研究了聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共混体系的晶体形态与结晶性能.结果表明,共混体系结晶性能与PTT的含量有关.PET的加入,使共混体系的球晶尺寸减小.球晶完善性降低.当PTT含量为40wt%～60wt%时,共混物分别出现了双重熔融峰和双重结晶峰.双重熔融峰是加热过程中熔融重结晶造成的,双重结晶峰说明不完善的晶体产生的次级结晶.     

相分离对聚偏氟乙烯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共混物的力学与耐紫外老化性能的影响

采用熔融共混法制备聚偏氟乙烯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯( PVDF/PMMA)共混物,考察其力学性能、耐紫外老化性能、熔体动态流变、结晶与热分解行为.PMMA含量(wPMMA)为10 wt％时,共混物形成均相结构,力学与耐老化性能最好.wPMMA≥20 wt％时,PMMA形成球状聚集体,共混物力学性能与耐候性显著降低.PMMA的存在可提高PVDF的结晶度,降低熔融温度,但不改变PVDF晶体结构.     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERFACIAL REACTION AND BULK PROPERTIES OF PET/FUNCTIONALIZED HDPE BLENDS

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) grafted with blocked isocyanate group (BHI) was blended with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to observe the relationship between interfacial chemical reaction and bulk properties of the blends. BHI was prepared by reacting ?-caprolactam (CPL) with hydroxyethyl methacrylate-isophorone diisocyanate (HI). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis was used to confirm the interfacial chemical reaction of isocyanate (NCO) groups in the functionalized HDPE (HDPE-g-BHI) with carboxylic acid and hydroxyl end groups in PET after annealing. Interfacial topologies and mean roughness were observed. Morphological changes of the blends were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs. Measurements of elongation property and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of the blends were also done.     

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON THE MISCIBILITY OF ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE （iPP） AND SYNDIOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE （sPP） BLENDS

Experimental miscibility studies were performed on different compositions of iPP/sPP blends, where sPP has a low syndiotacticity （[rrrr] = 81%）. Combining optical microscopy, rheology, and solid state NMR spectroscopy, the miscibility of the blends was investigated at different scales in the traditionally thought to be ＂immiscible＂ iPP/sPP blends. For the composition of iPP/sPP （90/10） blend, it shows to be miscible in the melt, and furthermore, the existence of intermolecular chain interactions between sPP and iPP components was detected in the solid state.     

苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯/聚乙烯基甲基醚共混体系相容性的FT-IR及DSC研究

嵌段高聚物、均聚物共混体系相容性是近年来研究的热点。本工作以光学显微镜、DSC、FT-IR为手段,研究了三嵌段高聚物苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS);SBS-48、SBS-30,SBS-28与聚乙烯基甲基醚共混体系的相容性。DSC结果表明,随SBS中PS含量的升高,体系相容性变好,PS段分子量增大,也有助于体系相容。FT-IR结果表明PVME中COCH_3在1100cm~(-1)附近呈现的双峰的相对强度对体系的相容性十分敏感,而由于苯环C—H振动产生的698cm~(-1)峰位却不象PS/PVME体系那样随相容性的改变而有显著的改变。总而言之,嵌段高聚物SBS/均聚物PVME共混体系中,体系的相容性依赖于嵌段高聚物在体系中的组份含量及嵌段高聚物中PS的重量百分含量,PS段分子量的大小对体系相容性也有影响。     

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯)/聚氧化乙烯共混物非晶区相容性的固体核磁共振研究

用固体高分辨核磁共振碳谱方法研究了不同组成比的聚 (3 羟基丁酸酯 ) 聚氧化乙烯共混物的结晶度、非晶区的相容性和分子运动能力 .结果表明聚 (3 羟基丁酸酯 )的结晶度几乎不随组成比变化 ,而聚氧化乙烯的结晶度则随其在共混物中含量的降低而显著降低 .聚氧化乙烯的加入使得聚 (3 羟基丁酸酯 )非晶区的分子运动能力有所增强 .共混物的非晶区表现出一定的相容性 ,相容程度与共混物的组成比有关     

用DSC研究阻燃PET的结晶性和结晶动力学

<正> 聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)是一种熔点较高的结晶性聚合物,其结晶性和结晶动力学已得到了广泛的研究。我们最近合成的一种含磷聚合物(或齐聚物)聚苯基磷酸二苯砜酯(PSPPP),可作为PET纺丝较为理想的阻燃剂。当PET中添加5wt％的这种阻燃剂时,其极限氧指数可达到30。然而,有关这种阻燃剂的加入对PET结晶特性的影响方面的研究鲜见报道。本文用DSC方法研究了阻燃剂添加量的多少对PET结晶程度的影响,并且对纺制阻燃PET纤维的实用添加量5wt％的试样进行了结晶动力学研究。     

胆甾液晶／聚合物多组分体系的结构与性质研究──I．胆甾醇壬酸酯／聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯－甲基丙烯酸丁酯）混合体系的相变行为

应用ＤＳＣ、偏光显微镜和动态力学分析，研究了胆甾液晶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯－甲基丙烯酸丁酯无规共聚物共混体系的相容性及相态转变．表明共聚物的组成、分子量大小可抑制胆甾液晶的相态转变．给出了形成稳定相容的液晶／高分子体系的最佳条件．