Synthesis of fluoren-9-ones via palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation of o-halobiaryls

The synthesis of various substituted fluoren-9-ones has been accomplished by a novel palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation of o-halobiaryls. The cyclocarbonylation of 4'-substituted-2-iodobiphenyls produces very high yields of 2-substituted fluoren-9-ones bearing either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents. 3'-Substituted 2-iodobiphenyls afford in excellent yields with good regioselectivity 3-substituted fluoren-9-ones. This chemistry has been successfully extended to polycyclic and heterocyclic fluorenones.     

Efficient synthesis of fluoren-9-ones by the palladium-catalyzed annulation of arynes by 2-haloarenecarboxaldehydes

Fluoren-9-ones and derivatives are readily prepared in good yields by the annulation of in situ generated arynes by 2-haloarenecarboxaldehydes in the presence of a palladium catalyst.     

Synthesis of benzo-fused five- and six-membered heterocycles by palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation

A novel and simple synthetic methodology, based on palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation reaction, is presented for preparing five- and six-membered benzo-fused heterocycles. A mechanism for the process is also proposed and discussed.     

Palladium-catalyzed annulation of arynes by 2-halobenzaldehydes: synthesis of fluoren-9-ones

Arynes, generated in situ from 2-(trimethylsilyl)aryl triflates and CsF, undergo annulation by o-haloarenecarboxaldehydes in the presence of a Pd catalyst, providing a useful new method for the synthesis of fluoren-9-ones in good yields. [reaction: see text]     

Synthesis of trifluoromethylated γ- and β-lactones through the palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation

3-Trifluoromethyl-2(5H)-furanones (γ-lactones) and 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)-2-oxetanones (β-lactones) were obtained, respectively through the palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation of (Z)-3-iodo-3-trifluoromethyl allylic alcohols and (Z)-2-iodo-3-trifluoromethyl allyl alcohols.     

Ionic-liquid-promoted palladium-catalyzed multicomponent cyclocarbonylation of o-iodoanilines and allenes to form methylene-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinolin-4-ones

The palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation reaction of o-iodoanilines with allenes and CO in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate afforded 3-methylene-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinolin-4-ones in moderate to excellent yields under a low pressure (5 atm) of CO. The ionic liquid, as the solvent and promoter, enhances the efficiency of the cyclocarbonylation reaction. The recyclability of the system of ionic liquid/catalyst/ligand was also demonstrated.     

Synthesis of imidazoisoindol-3-ones by a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C-H insertion reaction

A simple protocol for the synthesis of various imidazoisoindol-3-ones is described by employing a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C-H insertion reaction of substituted 2-haloaryl imidazolin-2-ones.     

12-Acylindolo[1,2-c]quinazolines by palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation of o-alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides

6-Trifluoromethyl-12-acylindolo[1,2-c]quinazolines are prepared in high yield through the palladium-catalyzed reaction of bis(o-trifluoroacetamidophenyl)acetylene with aryl or vinyl halides and triflates. The reaction, which tolerates a variety of important functional groups, probably involves the formation of a 3-acyl-2-(o-trifluoroacetamidophenyl)indole intermediate, followed by its cyclization to the indoloquinazoline product. [reaction: see text]     

Synthesis of 9-alkylidene-9H-fluorenes by a novel palladium-catalyzed rearrangement

In the presence of a palladium catalyst and NaOAc, aryl iodides react with 1-aryl-1-alkynes to afford 9-alkylidene-9H-fluorenes in good yields. This process appears to involve (1) oxidative addition of the aryl iodide to Pd(0), (2) alkyne insertion, (3) rearrangement of the resulting vinylic palladium intermediate to an arylpalladium species, and (4) aryl-aryl coupling with simultaneous regeneration of the Pd(0) catalyst.     

Dramatic effects of ionic liquids on the palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation of enynols with thiols

Palladium-catalyzed carbonylation reactions of enynols with thiols in ionic liquids afford monocarbonylated 6-membered-ring lactones in high yields and good selectivity. These results are significantly different from those obtained when conducting the reaction in THF. The recyclability of the catalytic system was also investigated.     

Synthesis of unsaturated seven-membered ring lactams through palladium-catalyzed amination and intramolecular cyclocarbonylation reactions of amines and Baylis-Hillman acetates

A versatile synthesis of unsaturated seven-membered ring lactams has been developed. The sequence involves hydroamination of Baylis-Hillman acetate with amines, followed by intramolecular cyclocarbonylation reactions of the resulting allylamines. This process can tolerate a wide array of functional groups, and affords lactams in excellent yields.     

Synthesis of 4H-3,1-benzoxazines, quinazolin-2-ones, and quinoline-4-ones by palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of 2-ethynylaniline derivatives

An effective and straightforward approach to the synthesis of 4H-3,1-benzoxazines 3 and 4, quinazolin-2-ones 5, and quinoline-4-one derivatives 6 and 7 is provided by palladium-catalyzed cyclization-alkoxycarbonylation of variously substituted 2-(trimethylsilanyl)ethynylaniline amide or urea derivatives 2. Reactions are carried out in 7:1 MeCN/MeOH at 65 or 75 degrees C in the presence of catalytic amounts of 10% Pd/C in conjunction with Bu(4)NI and KF and under 2.4 MPa of a 3:1 mixture of CO and air. Anti and syn 6-exo-dig cyclization modes account for the formation of the two stereoisomers. Isomerization of the vinylpalladium intermediate may occur as well. Formation of a double carbonylation product 7r and of a gem-dimethoxycarbonylation product 6s, whose structures have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, is justified through an unusual type of rearrangement.     

Masked 3-aminoindan-1-ones by a palladium-catalyzed three-component annulation reaction

A new palladium(0)-catalyzed three-component reaction involving a set of salicylic aldehyde triflates, ethylene glycol vinyl ether, and various secondary nucleophilic amines has been developed. Through systematic optimization experiments using multivariate design, the conditions effecting robust and convenient one-pot generation of protected 3-aminoindan-1-ones were identified. A reaction route involving an initial internal Heck arylation of the hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether, iminium ion formation, and subsequent tandem cyclization is invoked to explain the selective formation of the isolated tertiary 3-aminoindan acetals. Hydrogenolysis of orthogonally blocked 3-aminoindan-1-ones delivered primary or secondary amines after 10-20 min of microwave heating.     

A convenient synthetic route to furan esters and lactones by palladium-catalyzed carboalkoxylation or cyclocarbonylation of hydroxyl-substituted 3-iodofurans

An effective palladium-catalyzed protocol for the intermolecular carboalkoxylation or intramolecular cyclocarbonylation of hydroxyl-substituted 3-iodofurans under carbon monoxide pressure has been developed. The 3-iodofurans are readily prepared by iodocyclization of 2-(1-alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones in the presence of various diols.     

新型9-丙二腈芴类衍生物的合成及光谱性质的理论研究

利用Suzuki偶联反应,合成了2个新型的以吡啶环为端基的9-丙二腈芴类衍生物2a-2b,其结构经1 H NMR、13C NMR、MS分析确定.同时通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、光致发光光谱研究了其光物理性质.采用密度泛函理论(DFT)对2a-2b进行了结构优化,同时通过含时密度泛函(TDDFT)方法对吸收光谱进行了计算,发现理论计算结果与实验观察到的吸收峰数据相符合.     

Nonradiative decay mechanism of fluoren-9-ylidene malononitrile ambipolar derivatives

We report recent results on the nonradiative decay (NRD) of fluoren-9-ylidene malononitrile (FM) ambipolar derivatives (FMDs). 2,7- and 3,6-disubstituted FMDs present distinctive photophysics. Charge separation was found dominant for excited state relaxation. The radiative decay (RD) is sensitive to changes in temperature and solvent medium only for the case of 3,6-FMDs. Excited state deactivation of carbazole-containing 3,6-FMD (CPAFM36) was exclusively nonradiative in polar solvents with excited state lifetimes shorter than 10 ps. The charge separation/recombination mechanism of the corresponding FMDs is suggested to fall in the inverted Marcus region of electron transfer. Given the electron-withdrawing properties of the FM unit, its ambipolar derivatives are suggested as potential candidates for air-stable organic thin-film transistors and molecular organic photovoltaics.     

Synthesis of 1,2,9-trisubstituted purin-6(9H)-ones catalyzed by heteropolyacids

1,2,9-Trisubstituted purin-6(9H)-ones have been synthesized in high yield by reaction of 5-amino-N,1-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of heteropolyacids, H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ and H₅PV₂Mo₁₀O₄₀. The catalytic activity of H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ is lower than that of H₅PV₂Mo₁₀O₄₀. This is an effective synthesis of l,2,9-trisubstituted guanine derivatives with the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple operation, and good yields.