由分子筛笼内铂羰基簇合物得到的催化剂的分散度研究

由分子筛笼内包容的铂羰基簇合物[Pt_(12)(CO)_(24)]~(2-)/NaY和[Pt_9(CO)_(18)]~(2-)/NaY经还原得到的样品Pt_(12)/NaY和Pi_9/NaY的分散度用EXAFS和化学吸附进行了表征．对Pt_(12)/NaY和Pi_9/NaY，EXAFS分析分别给出R_(Pt－Pt)＝0.274 nm，配位数C.N.＝0.42和R_(Pt－Pt)＝0.274 nm配位数C.N.＝3.8，而化学吸附结果分别为H/Pt＝1.26，CO/Pt＝0.69和H/Pt＝1.24，CO/Pt＝0.64．与浸渍法制备的Pt/Al_2O_3相比小得多的Pt－Pt配位数及大的化学吸附值说明，由分子筛笼内铂羰基簇合物出发，我们得到了高分散的Pt/NaY催化剂．由于还原后原子堆积形式的变化，Pt_(12)/NaY和Pt_9/NaY的再还原羰基化不能可逆地得到与前驱体相同的铂羰基簇合物．     

分子筛笼内铂羰基簇合物在CO＋NO反应中的催化研究

研究了ＮａＹ分子筛超笼内包容的Ｐｔ羰基簇合物催化剂在ＣＯ＋ＮＯ反应中的催化性能。「Ｐｔ１２（ＣＯ）２４」＾２－／ＮａＹ和「Ｐｔ９（ＣＯ）１３」＾２－／ＮａＹ在此反应中表现出比较高的活性。Ｎ２Ｏ被认为是ＣＯ＋ＮＯ反应的中间产物，同时笼内羰基簇合物还表现了比ＳｉＯ２负载的簇合物好的热稳定性，动力学研究表明，在「Ｐｔ１２（ＣＯ）２４」＾２－／ＮａＹ上，ＮＯ被还原和Ｎ２Ｏ生成的反应级数，相对于ＣＯ分压为小     

NaY超笼内[Pt3(CO)3(μ-CO)3]^2-n(n=3,4)簇合物的合成,表征及其催化CO+NO的反应性能

在ＮａＹ分子筛超笼内合成了桔黄色的［Ｐｔ９（ＣＯ）１６］＾２－和深绿色的［Ｐｔ１２（ＣＯ）２４］＾２－簇合物。前者给出２０５６和１７９８ｃｍ＾－１的线式和桥式羰基特征红外谱带；后者给出２０８０和１８２４ｃｍ＾－１谱带。与在ＴＨＦ溶液中结果相比，ＮａＹ内合成的羰基簇合物的线式ｖｃｏ向高波数位移，而桥式ｖｃｏ向低波数位移。ＥＸＡＦＳ为Ｐｔ羰基簇合物在分子筛内的规整形成提供了证据。ＮａＹ内Ｐｔ９和Ｐｔ１     

Pt羰基簇合物在NaY内的合成机理

利用IR，EXAFS, ~(13)CO同位素交换反应及与NO作用等手段研究了Pt羰基簇合物[Pt_3(CO)_6]~(2-)_n(n＝3,4)在NaY分子筛超笼内的合成机理．在氧化样品Pt~(2+)/NaY上300－373 K的还愿羰基化过程中，首先Pt~(2+)与CO反应生成PtO(CO)物种(波数σ_(CO)＝2110 cm~(-1))，然后聚集成“Pt_3(CO)_6”(σ_(CO)＝2112，1896和1841 cm~(-1))，最后生成深绿色的Pt羰基簇合物Pt_(12)(CO)_(24)]~(2-)/NaY(σ_(CO)＝2080，1824 cm~(-1))．“Pt_3(CO)_6”的羰基在室温下能迅速地与~(13)CO发生交换，而[Pt_3(CO)_6]~(2-)_n(n＝3,4)的羰基与~(13)CO的同位素交换即使在343 K也进行得很慢，室温下，NO能逐步破坏Pt羰基簇合物的层间和层内Pt－Pt键，得到中间物种“Pt_3(CO)_6”和PtO(CO)，同时在气相产生CO_2和N_2O．而由上述两中间物种出发，300－353 K温度下，在CO气氛中的还原羰基化又能可逆地得到原羰基簇合物．     

羰基铑簇合物衍生的多相烯烃氢甲酰化催化剂的性能及红外表征

在常压下,Rh_4(CO)_(12)或Rh_6(CO)_(16)簇合物衍生的Rh/SiO_2对乙烯,丙烯氯甲酰化反应表现出良好的催化活性和选择性,并有利于直线醛的形成.乙烯氢甲酰化体系的表面催化比活性与Rh分散性的关系表明.乙烯氢甲酰化反应具有结构敏感性,而乙烯加氢反应具有结构非敏感性,高分散的金属表面有利于主反应的选择性.通过红外光谱跟踪,发现表面Rh在反应气氛中显示零价.根据接触时间对催化反应的影响,推测多相烯烃氢甲酰化及加氢反应都在Ph~0活性中心上进行.另外,担载羰基铑簇合物的热分解红外研究结果指出,表面羰基化合物金属中心上的配位不饱和性对氢甲酰化催化活性似乎起着重要影响,簇合物只有完全脱羰才能提供高活性的催化中心.在反应气氛和CO气氛中,担载Rh_6(CO)_(16)表现出一致的热稳定性,说明反应气中的CO对稳定羰基物起着主导作用.     

四核钴羰基簇合物的合成和晶体结构

用Co₂(CO)₈与有机杂环二硫代次膦酸盐SP(C₆H₄OR)(S)N(C₆H₅)NC(Me)(R=Me,Et)反应,得到两类4个含S,P桥基配体的四核钴羰基簇合物Co₄(CO)₁₀(μ₄-S)[μ₄-P(C₆H₄OR)](1:R=Me;3:R=Et)和Co₄(CO)₁₀(μ₃-S)[μ₂-P(C₆H₄OR)N(C₆H₅)NC(Me)](2:R=Me,4:R=Et).在反应中,前配体中的PS键以及C-S,P-S,P-N键劈开,产生的分子片与金属钴原子配位,组建成新的羰基钴簇.对这4个簇合物进行了元素分析,IR,¹HNMR和MS谱学表征,并测定了簇合物4的晶体结构,该晶体属单斜晶系,P2₁/c空间群,晶胞参数a=1.9065(4)nm,b=1.0081(2)nm,c=1.6663(3)nm,β=97.36(3)°,V=3.1704(11)nm₃,Z=4,D_c=1.743g/cm³.Co1Co3Co4呈三角形分布,其中Co-Co平均键长为0.251nm,而Co₂在该三角平面的一侧,Co2-Co3键为0.269nm.该簇合物分子骨架为三角钉型结构,每个Co原子的立体几何均为变形八面体,但配位环境各不相同.     

一种新型结构的七核钴原子羰基簇合物的合成与结构研究

C₂H₅SPCl₂与Co₂(CO)₈反应的产物经柱层析分离得3条带,第一条为深棕色,经IR谱、¹HNMR、谱、元素分析、X光单晶结构分析,确定该带产物为七核钴原子簇CO₇(μ₇-S)(μ₄-PSC₂H₅)(μ-SC₂H₅)₂(μ-CO)₂(CO)₁₂,是八面体骨架Co₄PS和四面体骨架Co₃S结合的松散原子簇合物。     

RP-Bridged Metal Carbonyl Clusters: Synthesis,Properties, and Reactions

Metal carbonyl clusters possess a complicated chemistry that is only beginning to be understood. One of the main current goals in this area is thus an understanding of their reactivity. This article describes the syntheses and reactions of clusters that contain metal carbonyl fragments bridged by a main-group element. But what is the sense of making such clusters still more complicated by the incorporation of main-group elements? The example of μ₃-bridged carbonyl clusters will serve to show that the main-group element plays an important role in the study of reaction paths; it holds the metal carbonyl fragments together even when the bonds between them are broken in the course of a reaction. Trinuclear μ₃-bridged clusters prove to be small enough to allow the analysis of typical cluster reactions (such as the reversible breaking of metal-metal bonds) in terms of single reaction steps. They are also large enough to provide surprises by their multifaceted reactivity. It will be shown that a detailed study of trinuclear RX-bridged metal carbonyl clusters (X ? N, P, As, Sb, Bi)—a very small part of carbonyl cluster chemistry—can lead to a better understanding of the general reaction principles involved.     

Bridging Carbonyl Groups in Transition Metal Clusters; A Normal Coordinate Analysis

The suggestion that the infrared active (CO) features associated with the bridging carbonyls in transition metal cluster carbonyls may provide structural information is examined by a normal coordinate analysis. The species studied are four tetranuclear clusters, each containing an equilateral triangle of metal atoms, the edges of which are spanned by carbonyl groups. Isotopically enriched species have been prepared and are included in the study so that the problem is well over-determined. Excellent agreement between calculated spectra and those observed under high resolution, including relative intensity data, is obtained. The results confirm that it is reasonable to expect that the features associated with bridging carbonyls in such compounds may provide structural information.     

Enhancing Task Specific Ionic Liquids’ Thermal Stability by Structural Modification

Summary. Thermal retro-Michael decomposition of task specific ionic liquids (TSILs) was efficiently suppressed by hydrogenation of the oxobutyl side chain yielding a hydroxy-functionalized TSIL.     

Metal–Carbonyl Clusters with Alkynes Bound in “Parallel” or “Perpendicular” Fashion

Alkyne-substituted tri- and polynuclear clusters have been known for a long time. Among these, the derivatives with acetylene substituents coordinated parallel to one edge of a trimetallic cluster represent the majority. Clusters with alkynes perpendicular to one edge of a trimetallic cluster are not very common. The reactivity of these clusters is discussed in this paper; particular attention is devoted to the chemical transformations which could occur during catalytic reactions. Some examples of the behavior of these clusters in homogeneous and solid–gas hydrogenation catalysis are given.     

直链烷烃的超临界热稳定性研究

本文考察了正辛烷、正壬烷、正癸烷、正十一烷和正十二烷等5种直链烷烃在超临界条件下的恒容热裂解,采用一级反应动力学简化描述其热裂解过程。跟踪裂解气液产物分布,探讨了液体产物中芳烃含量与热稳定性的关系。在相同反应条件下,奇数碳和偶数碳烷烃热裂解速率、转化率和液体组分中芳烃含量分别随碳数的增加而增加。芳烃产物含量随裂解转化率增加呈指数形式增加,表达了烷烃类化合物热稳定性和裂解变化的规律。     

Energy-dependent Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry of Carbonyl Clusters

The electrospray ionisation mass spectra (EDESI-MS) of Ru₆C(CO)₁₆(PPh₃) and Ir₄(CO)₁₁(PR₃) (PR₃=PPh₃, P(p-C₆H₄OMe)₃, P(p-C₆H₄NMe₂)₃, P(p-C₆H₄Cl)₃, P(OPh)₃, P(OMe)₃, PO₃C₅H₉) are described and the relative importance of carbonyl loss versus phosphine loss as a fragmentation pathway is assessed. Qualitatively, the phosphine ligands bind more strongly to Ir₄(CO)₁₁ clusters than to Ru₆C(CO)₁₆. The influence on the collision cell pressure on MS/MS spectra of transition metal carbonyl cluster anions is also explored showing that a greater, simultaneous, distribution of fragment ions is produced as the collision cell pressure is increased.Dedicated to Prof. Brian F. G. Johnson on the occasion of his retirement.     

二价金属离子对鲑鱼精DNA热稳定性的影响

二价金属离子与 DNA之间的作用在 DNA复制、转录以及新陈代谢过程中起到重要的作用 ,因此越来越受到关注 [1,2 ] .L uck等 [3 ]指出 ,碱土金属与 DNA分子的磷酸基团发生作用使 DNA的热稳定性升高 ,而二价过渡金属离子主要是与碱基作用而使 DNA热稳定性降低 . Eichhorn等 [4 ] 用变温紫外光谱法研究了在 DNA磷酸根离子的浓度较小 (0～ 4.0 )时 ,多种二价金属离子对小牛胸腺 DNA热稳定性的影响 ,发现 Mg2 + 及过渡金属离子 Mn2 + ,Co2 + 和 Ni2 + 都有利于 DNA的稳定 .最近 ,Duguid等 [5]用差示扫描量热法 (DSC)研究了在 c(M2 +…