Kinetics of Base Hydrolysis of Methyl Iodide in Binary Solvents Water-Isopropyl Alcohol

The rate constants of the reaction of MeI with hydroxide ion at 298-323 K in aqueous isopropanol (isopropanol content 0-30 mol %) were measured. The effects of solvation of the reactants and activated complex were separated. The contributions of particular types of interactions to the solvation of the charged species were calculated. The results were compared with data for three other water-organic solvent systems.     

Electrical and Structural Properties of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) Doped Potassium Iodide (KI) Solid Polymer Electrolyte

A high-conducting salt-doped polymer electrolyte layer has been created here for use in photocell technologies. The solution casting method is used to produce ion conducting film where poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is used as the host polymer and potassium iodide (KI) as the dopant. The conductivity and amorphic increases of the polymer electrolytes with the addition of salt concentrations helps in the enhancement of the charge transfer properties. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), ionic conductivity is evaluated where maximum conductivity is 3.99 × 10⁻⁶ S cm^-1 at 20 wt% KI concentration. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) shows the reduction in crystallinity by salt doping, while Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows the complexation as well as composite nature of the film. Ionic transference number (t_ion) measurement shows the predominantly ionic nature of this polymer electrolyte.     

Reaction of Methyl Iodide-Mercuric Iodide with Phenothiazines

Reaction of phenothiazine with methyl iodide in the presence of mercuric iodide did not yield a product with a methyl group attached to the sulfur atom. Instead, a quaternary ammonium salt was obtained. This paper is intended to provide correct information with supporting evidence for this raction.     

Formation of Methyl Iodide in the Radiolysis of Aqueous Cesium Iodide and Acetic Acid Solutions

Volatile compounds of radioactive iodine, including methyl iodide, are released into the environment in the cases of serious accidents at nuclear power plants. The aim of this study was to find a conceivable mechanism of the radiation-chemical formation of methyl iodide in aerated aqueous solutions of cesium iodide and acetic acid. This provides the basis for subsequent investigations aimed at preventing the formation of methyl iodide. The radiation-chemical yield of methyl iodide formation in 10^–3M CsI solutions containing CH₃COOH (0.1 mol/l) decreased with increasing the pH. This fact is primarily explained by a decrease in the steady-state concentration of molecular iodine with increasing the pH. An increase in the pH of irradiated solutions up to pH 9 was found not only to prevent the formation of methyl iodide but also to enhance its radiation-chemical degradation.     

光度法测定空气中微量碘甲烷

碘甲烷是一种神经毒气,对人和动物的神经系统具有严重损害,且具有积累效应,空气中含量超过一定的阀限值即会对人和动物产生毒害作用,含放射性碘的碘甲烷更具有强烈的杀伤作用Ⅲ。在工业中,由于碘甲烷会使下一工段的催化剂中毒失活并对生产设备造成腐蚀而使生产不能正常进行。由于以上原因,对碘甲烷进行严格定量分析十分必要。     

Investigation of Kinetics of Solid-Phase Synthesis of Lithium Orthosilicate

The kinetics of the interaction between lithium carbonate and silica with various degrees of dispersion was investigated by TG and DTA methods. It was found that the utilization of pyrogenic silica with a specific surface area of about 300 m²g^-1 instead of aerosil with one of 175 m²g^-1 leads to an increase of the reaction rate between lithium carbonate and silica, which depends on the formation and growth of lithium orthosilicate crystals in the first stage, and is conditioned by the diffusion of lithium and oxygen ions through the lithium orthosilicate layer formed at temperatures above 800 K. This supposition is supported by the kinetic analysis results obtained with the use of the different models. The optimal regime of heating is recommended. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Dissociation Rate Kinetics in a Solid-Phase Flow Immunoassay

Abstract

Solid-phase displacement assays allow extremely fast analyses when performed under continuous flow conditions. Continuous dissociation of labeled antigen from the immobilized saturated antibodies occurs even in the absence of competing unlabeled antigen. This spontaneous dissociation creates more unoccupied antibody binding sites which affect the magnitude of the signal generated. In order to evaluate the impact of this phenomenon in more detail, we extended the law of mass action to solid-phase binding assays and analyzed the dissociation kinetics of labeled antigen under continuous flow conditions. The effect of the flow on the dissociation kinetics was determined by calculation of the apparent dissociation rate constants (k_d) which increase with an increase in the flow rate. These dissociation rate constants are approximately 20- to 30-fold lower than those obtained from displacement studies (i.e., in the presence of competing unlabeled antigen). The difference in the dissociation rate constants obtained in the two studies is most likely a function of the degree of reassociation. The results of this study provide a basis for better understanding antibody kinetics at solid-liquid interfaces under flow conditions.     

Activity Coefficients of Ferrocenium Iodide in Aqueous-Organic Salt Solutions

Potentiometric titration at 298.2 was used to measure electrode potentials and to estimate standard EMFs and unified activity coefficients for ferrocenium iodide in aqueous-acetone and aqueousethanol solutions of various salt compositions.     

Velocity Mapping Studies of Vibrational Energy Disposal Following Methyl Iodide Photodissociation

In this paper previous results are compared for two different types of velocity mapping studies which probe vibrational energy disposal following the A-band photodissociation of methyl iodide, CH₃I + hv → CH₃ (v) + 1(²P_3/2), 1*(²P_1/2). Full three-dimensional state-specific speed and angular distributions of the nascent fragments have been recorded for the photoelectrons, iodine atoms, and methyl radicals, using state- and mass-selective (2+1) resonance-enhanced multi-photon ionization (REMPI)/time-of-flight spectrometry. Two sources of information on the vibrational energy disposal are available from velocity mapping: (a) the photoelectron images, which give information on the initial stages of vibrational excitation in electronically excited CH₃I, and (b) methyl radical images, which indicate the final energy disposal channels. Even though the two signals are believed to probe very different time-scales of the dissociation process, good agreement between the two is found for the vibrational energy disposal trends. Several trends found in the data for methyl iodide photodissociation indicate that readjustment of the ab initio multi-dimensional potential energy surfaces calculated for this molecule appears to be needed.     

Solid-Phase Synthesis of Triethylammonium Salt of 4-Oxothiazolidine-2-thione

A procedure was developed for solid-phase synthesis of triethylammonium salt of 4-oxothiazolidine-2-thione.     

Predissociation Dynamics of B State of Methyl Iodide with Femtosecond Pump-probe Technique

The predissociation dynamics of B Rydberg state of methyl iodide is studied with femtosecond two-color pump-probe time-of-°ight spectra at pump pulse of 400 nm and probe pulse of 800 nm. The dominant product channels are the CH3I+ and CH3+ formation. The time-dependent signals for CH3I+ and CH3+ ions are obtained. Both of the signal curves can be ˉtted by biexponential decays with time constants of ?1 and ?2, ?1 is assigned to the lifetimes of high Rydberg states, which can be accessed by absorbing three 400 nm pump pulses and ?2 re°ects the dynamics of B Rydberg state, which is accessed with two pump pulses. The lifetime of B Rydberg state is determined to be about 1.57 ps, which is incredibly consistent with the previous studies. The results were interpreted as a multiphoton dissociative ionization processes.     

Nickel‐Catalyzed Methylation of Aryl Halides with Deuterated Methyl Iodide

A nickel‐catalyzed methylation of aryl halides with cheap and readily available CH₃I or CD₃I is described. The reaction is applicable to a wide range of substrates and allows installation of a CD₃ group under mild reaction conditions without deuterium scrambling to other carbon atoms. Initial mechanistic studies on the stoichiometric and catalytic reactions of the isolated [(dppp)Ni(C₆H₄‐4‐CO₂Et)Br] [dppp=1,3‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)propane] suggest that a Ni⁰/Ni^II catalytic cycle is favored.     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定纺织品中全氟辛烷磺酸盐

采用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定纺织品中全氟辛烷磺酸盐的含量。纺织品样品在索氏提取器中用甲醇提取后,经固相萃取净化,并用盐酸溶液酸化,再与四丁基氢氧化铵反应。在气相色谱分离中用HP-5MS毛细管柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用全扫描和选择离子监测模式。全氟辛烷磺酸盐的质量浓度在1.0~30.0mg·kg-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.13mg·kg-1。加标回收率在88.8%~91.1%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差在均小于5.0%。     

The Effect of Active Carbon on the Kinetics of Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate

Rates of 2–2¹?azobisisobutyronitrile initiated polymerization of methyl methacrylate in benzene were determined at 77.2, 65.0, and 50.0°C. The variation of molecular weight of the polymer with temperature and conversion was also studied. At a fixed conversion of 2.0%, the molecular weight decreased from 2.05 × 10⁵ at 50°C to 1.4 × 10⁵ at 77.2°C. The ratio of the propagation rate coefficient to the square root of the termination rate coefficient was found to be 0.61, 0.397, and 0.374 at 77.2, 65.0, and 50.0°C, respectively, with an uncertainty of ±0.5°C in temperature. The effect of active carbon on the rates of polymerization at 77.2°C was measured. Rates of polymerization decreased in the presence of active carbon. For example, the initial rate of polymerization decreased from 7.8 × 10^?4 mole/(liter min) to 4.6 × 10^?4 mole/(liter min) when the carbon concentration was varied from 0 to 9.65 g/liter. The molecular weight of the polymer increased from an average of 1.4 × 10⁵ in the absence of carbon to 1.5 × 10⁵ when carbon was present.     

Cation Identity Affects Nonadditivity in Salt Mixtures Containing Iodide and Sulfate

Journal of Solution Chemistry - The cloud point temperature of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) was measured in aqueous solutions containing salt mixtures. Solutions were made with $${\text{SO}}_{4}^{2...     

2-糠酸甲酯与羟基反应动力学的理论研究（英文）

糠酸甲酯是随着2,5-呋喃二甲酸二甲酯新合成方法的发展而发展起来的一种新型可再生生物燃料.本文用CCSD (T)/CBS//M062X/cc-pVTZ方法研究了糠酸甲酯与羟基自由基之间的势能面,包括夺氢反应和加成反应.确定了异构化和分解反应生成的初级自由基.结果表明,支链甲基上的夺氢反应是主要的反应通道,呋喃环上的OH加成具有明显的压力依赖性.本文提出的速率系数为糠酸甲酯燃烧机理的改进提供了重要的动力学数据,为进一步研究实际燃料的燃烧过程奠定了良好的基础.     

High Purity DNA Extraction with a SPE Microfluidic Chip Using KI as the Binding Salt

With the development of the micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology, micro total analytical systems (μ-TAS) which has the potential for integrating sample pretreatment, target amplification, and detection, has been in progress. The micro analyt…     

The Kinetics of Reduction of Sulfoxides by the Iodide Ion in Aqueous Perchloric Acid

Abstract

The kinetics of the acid-catalyzed reactions of di-n-butyl -sulfoxide (BuSOBu), di-phenylsulfoxide (PhSOPh), and di-benzyl -sulfoxide (PhCH₂SOCH₂Ph) with iodide in a medium of HCLO₄ has been followed; the reaction orders with respect to sulfoxide and iodide have been determined and a possible mechanism discussed.