Gamma-Gamma大气湍流下相干光通信分集接收技术研究

大气湍流引起的光强闪烁使得自由空间光通信(FSO)系统性能恶化,而分集接收技术可有效改善这一影响。为进一步分析分集接收技术对相干接收系统性能的影响,基于二进制相移键控(BPSK)调制和外差相干接收技术,建立了Gamma-Gamma大气湍流信道模型下自由空间光通信分集接收系统模型。在不同大气湍流强度和接收天线数情况下,分别采取最大比合并(MRC)、选择合并(SC)和等增益合并(EGC),分析了对应的系统误码率(BER)和通信中断概率(OP),并与相同接收口径下的传统单天线接收系统的性能进行了比较。结果表明:MRC、EGC分集接收对大气湍流下的相干通信系统性能有明显改善,而SC分集接收仅当平均信噪比低于某一阈值时对相干通信系统的性能有所优化。     

基于数字相位恢复算法的正交相移键控自由空间相干光通信系统

近年来,大气湍流所引起的信号相位扰动以及光强闪烁对自由空间相干光通信系统性能的影响逐渐成为研究人员关注的焦点。为了提高系统性能,本文对自由空间相干光通信系统进行了研究。在假设大气湍流所引入的光强闪烁以及相位抖动分别服从对数正态以及高斯分布的条件下,本文提出了基于数字相位恢复算法(CPR)的正交相移键控(QPSK)自由空间相干光通信系统,该系统采用了二阶联合的相位恢复算法结构。仿真结果表明:该结构可以极大地降低相位噪声对系统产生的影响,且其误符号率比只采用一阶M次方的相位恢复算法的系统低3个数量级。因此,该系统的提出对于自由空间光通信性能的提升有着较大意义。     

基于自适应光学补偿的自由空间光通信系统性能研究

自由空间光通信在未来全球通信网中具有潜在的应用价值,然而自由空间光通信的性能易受大气湍流影响,而自适应光学能够解决大气湍流问题.在gamma-gamma分布大气湍流中,用自适应光学技术对自由空间光通信系统进行补偿,进行通信系统误码率的分析,给出了上行链路和下行链路的模拟结果.结果表明:自适应光学误差补偿技术能够很好地提高自由空间光通信的性能,并且低阶自适应光学补偿就能达到很好的校正效果.     

湍流大气传输高斯谢尔光束的到达角起伏

研究了在弱大气湍流起伏环境下以窄带宽高斯谢尔光束为激光光源的大气通信问题,分析了大气湍流强度和光源空间相干度对通信光束到达角起伏的影响.采用窄带宽光场的交叉谱密度函数代替光场互相干函数的近似方法和采用包含大气湍流内外尺度的简化折射率谱密度函数,得出了湍流大气中传输高斯谢尔光束的波结构函数(WSF) 和到达角起伏方差解析近似关系.分析表明,光源的空间相干度和传输光束的湍流扩展是影响高斯谢尔光束的相位起伏结构函数和传输光束到达角起伏的重要因素.     

基于幅度相位联合校正算法的8-QAM自由空间相干光通信

提出了基于幅度相位联合校正算法的8阶正交幅度调制(8-QAM)自由空间相干光通信方案。与传统的自由空间光通信方案相比,本文提出的方案不仅无需信道状态信息(CSI)就可以实现对原信号的高精度还原,同时还具有较高的光谱效率。仿真实验表明,当接收端与发射端的频偏f 0=20 MHz、激光器联合线宽Δf=10 kHz、信噪比为20 dB时,该方案在归一化大气闪烁标准差σ=0.25、归一化相位噪声方差σΦ^2=0.07的对数正态湍流信道条件下,其误码率(BER)与未采用联合校正算法的8-QAM系统相比低4个量级。     

部分相干光束经过湍流大气传输研究进展

相较于相干光束,部分相干光束经过湍流大气传输能够有效地抑制湍流引起的光束展宽、光斑漂移及光强闪烁等扰动效应,在自由空间光通信、激光雷达和激光遥感等方面有重要的应用前景.近年来,部分相干光束湍流大气传输研究受到越来越多学者的关注.本文回顾了部分相干光束在湍流大气中传输特性研究的发展历程、理论基础及常用的理论方法,介绍了处理光束经过湍流大气传输的相位屏数值模拟方法,以及如何把该方法运用到处理部分相干光束传输.     

自由空间光通信系统中光脉冲展宽问题的研究

针对自由空间光通信系统,分析了大气色散、大气湍流以及光学系统对光脉冲信号展宽的影响。给出理论分析、计算与仿真结果。证明了大气色散是引起脉冲展宽的主要因素,在某些条件下是不能忽略的。     

湍流对部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束的瑞利区间的影响

推导出了部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束在自由空间和湍流大气中传输瑞利区间的解析公式,并研究了湍流对光束瑞利区间的影响.研究表明,部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束的瑞利区间由湍流强度和光束参数等因数共同确定.湍流使得光束的瑞利区间缩短,并且湍流越强瑞利区间越短.在自由空间中,瑞利区间随光束相干参数 α 、光束参数 β 和高斯束宽 w ₀的增大以及波长 λ 的减小而增大.但是, α,β 和 w ₀越小以及 λ 越大,瑞利区间受湍流的影响越小.并且,当 关键词： 瑞利区间 部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束 大气湍流 自由空间     

非均匀拉盖尔-高斯关联光束及其传输特性

提出了一种新型特殊关联部分相干光束即非均匀拉盖尔-高斯关联光束,其在x和y方向上的关联结构函数分别为非均匀关联和拉盖尔-高斯关联函数.基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分公式,推导了这种光束交叉谱密度函数在自由空间以及大气湍流中的传输式,并计算了该光束经过自由空间和湍流大气传输的光强分布和关联结构函数分布演化特性.研究发现,该光束光强分布在传输过程中展现出自聚焦、自偏移和自分裂等奇异特性,同时发现控制关联结构函数参数可以有效地降低湍流大气的影响.关联结构调控为操控光束传输行为提供了一种新颖而有效的手段,在大气激光通信、微粒操控等领域具有重要的应用前景.     

孔径平均效应对采用相位补偿技术的空间相干光通信系统误码率的影响

基于大气湍流影响下的空间相干光通信系统模型和孔径平均效应的平面波模型,通过数值模拟研究了弱光强波动条件下孔径平均效应以及大气湍流内外尺度对相干光通信系统误码率和接收孔径直径最优值的影响。研究结果表明:孔径平均效应能够有效减小相干光通信系统的误码率,改善系统性能;原始信噪比越高,传输距离越短,波长越长,相位补偿模式的J值越大,接收孔径直径越接近最优值,孔径平均效应对误码率的改善效果越明显;孔径平均效应会影响接收孔径直径的最优值,相位补偿模式的J值越大,影响越明显;系统误码率和接收孔径直径最优值会随着大气湍流内尺度的增大而相应增大,随着大气湍流外尺度的减小而相应减小。研究结果将为空间相干光通信系统设计提供必要的理论依据。     

Partially Coherent cosh-Gaussian Beams in Atmospheric Turbulence with the Same Directionality as a Laser

Directionality of a class of partially coherent cosh-Gaussian beams propagating in atmospheric turbulence is studied. It is shown that two partially coherent cosh-Gaussian beams may generate the same angular spread, and there exist equivalent partially coherent cosh-Gaussian beams which may have the same directionality as a fully coherent Gaussian laser beam in free space and also in atmospheric turbulence. The theoretical results are interpreted physically and illustrated numerically.     

Partially coherent elegant Hermite–Gaussian beam in turbulent atmosphere

Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral, analytical formulas for the cross-spectral density, mean-squared beam width and angular spread of a partially coherent elegant Hermite–Gaussian (HG) beam in turbulent atmosphere are derived. The evolution properties of the average intensity, spreading and directionality of a partially coherent elegant HG beam in turbulent atmosphere are studied numerically. It is found that the partially coherent elegant HG beam with smaller initial coherence width, larger beam order and longer wavelength is less affected by the atmospheric turbulence. Compared to the partially coherent standard HG beam, the partially coherent elegant HG beam is less affected by turbulence under the same condition. Furthermore, it is found that there exist equivalent partially coherent standard and elegant HG beams, equivalent fully coherent standard and elegant HG beams, and an equivalent Gaussian–Schell-model beam may have the same directionality as a fully coherent Gaussian beam whether in free space or in turbulent atmosphere. Our results can be utilized in short and long atmospheric optical communication systems.     

Improved free space optical communications performance by using time diversity

A laser beam propagating through turbulence experiences random amplitude and phase fluctuations, which can severely degrade the performance of free space optical communication systems. It this letter, time diversity is demonstrated as a technique which can decrease turbulence influence. Statistically, laser propagation along an atmospheric path is uncorrelated with an earlier-time path for a time interval greater than the atmospheric turbulence correlation time. To estimate time diversity system performance, a 2.2-km optical link is set up for comparing the fade probability of a system using time diversity with a system not using time diversity. The experimental results obtained under different turbulence conditions are shown which are in good agreement with the theory.     

倾斜离轴高斯-谢尔模型光束在大气湍流中通过猫眼光学镜头反射光的光强特性

本文研究了大气湍流和探测光空间相干性对倾斜离轴激光束通过猫眼光学 镜头反射光光强特性的影响. 研究表明: 由于光阑效应以及光束倾斜或离轴, 反射光光强出现振荡和非对称分布现象. 大气湍流不会改变其非对称性, 但湍流中其光强不再振荡. 当猫眼光学镜头存在微弱正离焦δ_max情况下, 轴上光强可达到最大值. 猫眼光学镜头焦距越大, 所需δ_max越大. 但是, 大气湍流和探测光相干性好坏都不会改变所需δ_max值. 在大气湍流中传输距离足够远时, 反射光强会成为离轴类高斯分布. 随着传输距离的增大, 相干性越差的探测光的反射光束扩展可以更小, 这与部分相干光自由空间传输规律完全不同. 探测光相干性越好, 其反射光强受湍流的影响越大, 但差异不大. 本文所得结果对激光主动探测的应用具有意义. 关键词： 猫眼光学镜头 大气湍流 部分相干光 光强     

Modal correction for fiber-coupling efficiency in free-space optical communication systems through atmospheric turbulence

High-speed free-space optical communication systems have recently used fiber-optical components. The coupling efficiency with which the received laser beam can be coupled into a single-mode fiber is noticeably limited by atmospheric turbulence due to the degradation of its spatial coherence. Fortunately, adaptive optics (AO) can alleviate this limitation by partially correcting the turbulence-distorted wavefront. The coupling efficiency improvement provided by Zernike modal AO correction is numerically evaluated. It is found that the first 3-20 corrected polynomials can considerably improve the fiber-coupling efficiency. The improvement brought by AO is compared with that brought by a coherent fiber array. Finally, a hybrid technique that integrates AO and a coherent fiber array is proposed. Results show that the hybrid technique outperforms each of the two above-mentioned techniques.     

临近空间相干激光通信链路外差效率分析

临近空间相干激光通信链路是天地一体化高速通信网络节点间连接的重要链路。围绕外差效率这一表征大气湍流扰动后信号光和本振光相干合成的指标,推导了非均匀湍流路径上的外差效率理论表达式,并结合大气折射率结构常数廓线,开展了临近空间-地面、临近空间-临近空间和临近空间-低轨卫星三类临近空间相干激光通信链路的外差效率仿真。仿真结果表明:临近空间-低轨卫星链路可以忽略大气对外差效率的影响;如果临近空间-临近空间链路距离大于500km或是临近空间-地面链路天顶角大于60°,外差效率将小于50%,有必要采用自适应光学技术进行补偿。     

Directionality of Gaussian Schell-model beams propagating in atmospheric turbulence

It is known that some partially coherent Gaussian Shell-model beams may generate, in free space, the same angular distribution of radiant intensity as a fully coherent laser beam. We show that this result also holds even if the beams propagate in atmospheric turbulence, irrespective of the particular model of turbulence used. The result is illustrated by an example.     

Stochastic parallel gradient descent laser beam control algorithm for atmospheric compensation in free space optical communication

Atmospheric turbulence seriously degrades the performance of free space optical (FSO) communication systems, especially the coupling efficiency. In this paper, we propose a stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm to compensate the atmospheric turbulence in FSO communication system. Theoretical analysis and work flow of the algorithm are given. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that the coupling efficiency can be increased from 12% to more than 80% after 270 iterations or more than threefold, which implies a significant improvement of the performance.