半花菁LB膜的时间分辨荧光研究

利用紫外－可见吸收,稳态和时间分辨荧光等方法研究了半花菁与花生酸交替Ｙ型ＬＢ膜中分子聚集体的性质;吸收光谱和稳态荧光光谱峰位的蓝移说明ＬＢ膜中Ｈ聚集体的存在。从荧光衰工线得到了聚集体的组份含量、大小和寿命。     

卟啉掺杂的MEH-PPV薄膜和氯仿溶液的光学性质(英文)

研究了不同质量浓度卟啉(TTP)掺杂的MEH-PPV的紫外吸收和荧光发射光谱。这种掺杂体系在膜中和氯仿溶液中的吸收光谱具有同样的行为,同时,在这两种情况下发现了MEH-PPV链的聚集,以及TTP在420nm的吸收随掺入量的增加而增加。但是,膜的发射光谱与氯仿溶液中的有所不同。因TTP的吸收带与MEH-PPV发射带的重叠,在膜和氯仿溶液中的高浓度掺杂体系中存在从MEH-PPV到TTP的Frster能量转移,但是在高TTP掺杂下的氯仿溶液中能量转移导致MEH-PPV发射峰的劈裂,而当溶液被稀释时,这种现象消失,表明此时能量给体和受体的距离扩大,这种能量转移的速率为1×108mg·mL-1·s-1。     

Study of Self-Diffusion of Silicone MQ Resins in Chloroform Solutions by Pulsed Field-Gradient NMR Spectroscopy

The self-diffusion of silicone MQ copolymers in solutions with chloroform was studied by pulsed field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance over a wide range of macromolecular concentrations. The highly branched structure of the molecules reveals some characteristic features of the translational mobility. The studies were performed with the initial MQ copolymer as well as with the narrow-dispersed fractions obtained from it. The data indicate the differences in dynamics between fractions. The appearance of the species with different self-diffusivity with increasing of the polymer concentration in solutions was observed. Such behavior was attributed to the formation of aggregates of macromolecules in solution. The results show that the molecular weight influences the diffusion behavior of the MQ resins in solutions. The diffusion of the MQ resins reveals features characteristic for rigid macromolecular structures rather than flexible polymers. Differences in translational dynamics of MQ copolymers, linear flexible polymers and particle-like macromolecules are discussed.     

共振拉曼光谱研究卟啉二酸H_4~(2+)TSPP的J-聚焦

用共振拉曼光谱和ＵＶ Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱考察了离子强度对四一（对一磺酸基）苯基卟啉二酸（Ｈ２＋４ＴＳＰＰ）Ｊ 聚集体形成的影响。实验表明加入少量的ＮａＣｌＯ４有助于聚集体的形成,而Ｎａ ＣｌＯ４的浓度过高则倾向于形成单体。ＮａＣｌＯ４的加入不改变聚集体中分子的构型和排列方式,但高浓度的ＮａＣｌＯ４可能在聚集体中引入某种缺陷,使激子态发生局域化。我们还得到了具有宏观尺寸的纤维状Ｈ２＋４ＴＳＰＰ沉淀,并研究了其固体显微拉曼谱。     

Clay induced aggregation of a tetra-cationic metalloporphyrin in Layer by Layer self assembled film

Porphyrins have a general tendency to form aggregates in ultrathin films. Also electrostatic adsorption of cationic porphyrins onto anionic nano clay platelets results in the flattening of porphyrin moieties. The flattening is evidenced by the red-shifting of Soret band with respect to the aqueous solution. In the present communication, we have studied the clay induced aggregation behaviour of a tetra-cationic metalloporphyrin Manganese (III) 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra (4 pyridyl)-21 H, 23 H-porphine chloride tetrakis (methochloride) (MnTMPyP) in Layer-by-Layer (LbL) self assembled film. The adsorption of dye molecules onto nano clay platelets resulted in the flattening of the meso substituent groups of the dye chromophore. In Layer-by-Layer ultrathin film, the flattened porphyrin molecules tagged nano clay platelets were further associated to form porphyrin aggregates. This has been clearly demonstrated from the UV–vis absorption spectroscopic studies. Atomic Force Microscopic (AFM) studies gave visual evidence of the association of organo-clay hybrid molecules in the LbL film.     

Excitonic Coupling between B and Q Transitions in Porphyrin Aggregates

The properties of meso-tetraphenylporphine （TPP） aggregates formed in acidic aqueous-organic solutions are investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy. According to the absorption spectra, the Q band absorption of the aggregated TPP shows red shift and intensity enhancement, and a model that includes the participation of water molecules in a porphyrin aggregation complex is proposed, then a qualitative explanation based on Gouterman＇s excition coupling theory is presented. Calculations including eigenenergies, eigenstates and the transition dipole strength of the coupled states are carried out.     

中位-四l-(对十六酰氧基)苯基卟啉的合成与表征

本文以四－（对羟基苯基）卟啉与十六酰氯为原料,通过酯化反应合成了中位－四－（对十六酰氧基苯基）卟啉,采用红外光谱监测了反应进程,以硅胶为固定相,氯仿为洗脱剂采用柱层析方法对反应产物进行了分离与提纯。最后用元素分析,紫外可见光谱,红外光声光谱,核磁共振氢谱,摩尔电导等手段对合成产物进行了结构表征,对主要的紫外光谱,红外光谱及核磁共振氢谱吸收带进行了经验归属,初步确定了合成产物的结构。     

四（3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基）卟啉的合成及光谱分析

研究了以3,4-亚甲二氧基苯甲醛和吡咯为原料合成四（3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基）卟啉的方法,探索了溶剂、催化剂等反应条件对合成的影响。新化合物结构分别被UV-Vis,IR,1H NMR及元素分析所证实。利用紫外-可见分光光度法和荧光光谱法研究了四（3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基）卟啉在四氢呋喃（THF）、丙酮、氯仿、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）4种溶剂中的光谱性质。     

盐酸氯丙嗪1H NMR、 13C NMR谱的归属及结构表征

通过运用¹H-¹H COSY(¹H-¹H COrrelation SpectroscopY)、TOCSY(TOtal Correlation SpectroscopY)、HSQC(Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation)、HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation)、NOESY(Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement SpectroscopY)等多种二维核磁技术,对盐酸氯丙嗪（Chlorpromazine hydrochloride CPZ· HCl）在CDCl₃、CD₃COCD₃和D₂O三种溶剂中的¹H、¹³C NMR谱进行了准确归属（重点集中于谱峰重叠程度较高的芳香族区域）．实验表明：杂环上N与苯环存在部分共轭;在CDCl₃、CD₃COCD₃中,侧链卷曲至芳环上方处于屏蔽区,且侧链上N为较稳定的四面体构型;比较了CPZ· HCl在不同溶剂与浓度下的¹H NMR谱的变化,对文献中其核磁共振谱（特别是芳香区的谱峰）归属的争议作了解释．量子化学计算结果与实验结果相吻合．     

Form-factors for different aggregation models of micelles

Spherical micelles in ionic micellar solutions, often aggregate to form spherical, cylindrical or chain-like aggregates on addition of salt to the solution. It is known that the technique of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used to distinguish spherical and cylindrical aggregates. To examine if SANS can be used to distinguish the latter two aggregation processes, we have calculated the angular distribution of scattered neutrons from 0.002 M CTAB solutions. These calculations show that aggregation of CTAB micelles results in large changes in SANS spectra. The shapes of SANS spectra are different for the above three types of aggregates, suggesting that technique of SANS can indeed be used to distinguish the three aggregation processes. The size of the aggregate can also be obtained from such studies.     

Self-diffusion and nuclear magnetic relaxation of dendritic macromolecules in solutions

The self-diffusion and nuclear magnetic relaxation of poly(butylcarbosilane) and poly(allylcarbosilane) dendrimers dissolved in deuterated chloroform and poly(amidoamine) dendrimers with hydroxyl surface groups in solutions with methanol have been studied. The diffusion rates(D) have been measured by the pulsed-field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance. It is shown that experimental concentration dependencesD(ϕ) obtained for macromolecules in the dendrimer-solvent systems studied can be reduced to a unified view, and thus, the generalized concentration dependence of the normalized diffusion rates of dendrimers can be obtained. In the macromolecular volume concentration range from 0.01 up to 0.55, the generalized dependence of the normalized diffusion rates for dendrimers coincides with the analogous dependence for globular proteins in aqueous solutions; the last result suggests that self-diffusion features of dendrimers and globular proteins are in general similar. It is also shown that the experimental data obtained permit one to characterize the changes of the own monomer density of dendrimers depending on their molecular weight and, as a consequence, to make a conclusion about the swelling of dendritic macromolecules in the solutions studied.     

Characterization of the structure and the size distribution of branched polymers formed by co-polymerization of MMA and EGDMA

Free radical co-polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and ethyl glycol dimethyl methacrylate (EGDMA) in solution leads to the formation of polydisperse branched PMMA which grows in size until the system gels. The structure and the size distribution of the PMMA aggregates were characterized at infinite dilution using static and dynamic light scattering and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The reaction extent was measured using SEC and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the structure and size distribution of PMMA aggregates formed close to the gel point are compatible with those of percolating clusters. The structure factor of semi-dilute solutions of PMMA aggregates is the same as that of dilute solutions at distance scales much smaller than the correlation length of the concentration fluctuations (). However, the cut-off function of the pair correlation function at for semi-dilute solutions is more gradual than the cut-off function at for dilute solutions. Received 11 May 1998 and Received in final form 22 October 1998     

The effect of solvation on spectral-luminescence properties of 2,2-difluoro-4-methylnaphto-[2,1-<Emphasis Type="Italic">е</Emphasis>]-1,3,2-dioxaborine

The processes of formation and dissociation of aggregates and formation of solvates of 2,2-difluoro- 4-methylnaphto-[2,1-е]-1,3,2-dioxaborine (1) with the chloroform molecule have been investigated by the methods of stationary and time-resolved spectroscopy. It has been revealed that, in the case of solutions in chloroform, a slow (within 1 h) dissociation of aggregates under the effect of solvent molecules takes place. It has been demonstrated that using chloroform as a solvent allows varying the content of luminophor aggregates in the polymeric composite and, thus, controlling the material spectral-luminescence properties.     

The coil → blob transition in atactic poly(styrene) films

The structure of atactic poly(styrene) in films prepared from chloroform solutions was studied by small-angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopy. It was shown that the density fluctuations in films corresponding to dilute poly(styrene) solutions are associated with the aggregates of particles with the radius R ₀ close to the hydrodynamic radius of the coil. The value of R ₀ in the films decreases with an increase in the poly(styrene) concentration due to the coil entanglement and the blob formation. The coil (its fractal dimension is D = 2) → blob (D = 3) transition leads to an increase in the density and glass transition temperature of films, which is caused by enhancing interchain and intrachain interactions of segments in the solid state of atactic poly(styrene).     

Role of intermolecular coupling in the photophysics of disordered organic semiconductors: aggregate emission in regioregular polythiophene

We address the role of excitonic coupling on the nature of photoexcitations in the conjugated polymer regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene). By means of temperature-dependent absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, we show that optical emission is overwhelmingly dominated by weakly coupled H aggregates. The relative absorbance of the 0-0 and 0-1 vibronic peaks provides a powerfully simple means to extract the magnitude of the intermolecular coupling energy, of approximately 5 and 30 meV for films spun from isodurene and chloroform solutions, respectively.     

四—（对—羟基苯基）卟啉在水／三氟乙酸溶液中J—聚集的光谱研究

本文研究了四－（对－羰基苯基）卟啉（ＴＣＰＰ）在Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＦ３ＣＯＯＨ、Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＣＩ３ＣＯＨ和Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ溶液中的ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱、荧光光谱和拉曼光谱。实验表明,ＴＣＰＰ在Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ和Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＣＩ３ＣＯＯＨ溶液中以分子态的Ｎ－质子化卟啉Ｈ８ＴＣＰＰ＾２＋存在,而在Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＦ３ＣＯＯＨ中则形成Ｈ８ＴＣＰＰ＾２＋的Ｊ－聚集体。Ｊ－聚集体显示,ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱和荧光光     

Dynamics of iron in Fe-porphyrin aggregates studied by X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectroscopy

The iron-porphyrin aggregates were studied by optical absorption and fluorescence method, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The aggregation of porphyrin molecules strengthens the Fe-ligands bonds and accelerates the spin-spin relaxations. A significant speeding-up of relaxation was observed with lowering the temperature down to 25 K. The comparison of the EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) and Mössbauer spectroscopy results enabled some separation of the individual Fe vibration from its collective movement with ligands.     

Structure of peptide solutions: A light scattering and numerical study

We investigated the interactions between protein molecules in solution, in particular for low salt concentrations and thus strong electrostatic interactions where a treatment based on the second virial coefficient is not sufficient. Static and dynamic light scattering experiments on solutions containing the peptide human calcitonin (hCT) were combined with calculations based on the Ornstein-Zernike equation with the hypernetted chain (HNC) closure and computer simulations within the primitive electrolyte model. The simulation illustrates the distribution of proteins in solution and the formation of (transient) protein aggregates. It furthermore allows us to predict the physical stability of hCT solutions in dependence of ionic strength, pH and hCT concentration.Received: 26 December 2003, Published online: 25 March 2004PACS: 87.15.Nn Properties of solutions; aggregation and crystallization of macromolecules - 61.20.Qg Structure of associated liquids: electrolytes, molten salts, etc. - 87.14.Ee ProteinsV. Lobaskin: Present address: Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany     

Anomalous aggregation of squaraine dyes in confined solutions

Enhanced aggregation of squaraine (SQ) dyes in solution capillary layers in contrast to the monomer behavior of the bulk solutions has been observed through differences in electronic absorption spectra of the capillary and bulk SQ solutions of the same concentration. The spectra of the capillary solutions were also different from spectra of SQ condensed films. The spectral differences were dependent on both chemical structure of the dye used and the solvent. It was found that aggregation was stronger in dimethylformamide (DMFA) capillary solutions when compared to the chloroform capillary solutions where aggregation was negligible. It is proposed that the driven force of the observed phenomena is enhanced adsorption of SQ molecules and formation of a liquid crystalline state of the solution near the liquid/solid interface.     

Small-angle neutron scattering studies of sodium butyl benzene sulfonate aggregates in aqueous solution

The aggregation behaviour of a hydrotrope, sodiumn-butyl benzene sulfonate (Na-NBBS), in aqueous solutions is investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Nearly ellipsoidal aggregates of Na-NBBS at concentrations well above its minimum hydrotrope concentration were detected by SANS. The hydrotrope seems to form self-assemblies with aggregation number of 36–40 with a substantial charge on the aggregate. This aggregation number is weakly affected by the hydrotrope concentration.