变工况非定常叶栅绕流数值仿真

采用离散涡方法数值仿真了不同来流攻角下,固定与动边界叶栅绕流。在设计工况时流动接近定常流动。而变 工况时流动具有明显的非定常特征。特别是当攻角较大时,流场中存在着激烈分离,流动具有不稳定性。分离流动与旋涡 的分布息息相关。当来流角从20°到60°逐渐增大时,前驻点从背面经前缘点向腹面移动。固定叶栅与振动叶栅时的绕流 有明显的不同。振动叶栅绕流,流体决不是简单地随叶栅作同样的振动。     

不同攻角三角柱双自由度风致振动响应特性研究

结构的风致振动现象在自然界和工程应用中极其常见,本文针对等边三角柱风致振动问题,采用二维非稳态数值方法研究了不同来流攻角对振动响应的影响。结果表明,三角柱在低攻角下垂直流向的振幅极低且随折减速度U*的增加变化不大;当攻角α₀?40?时,三角柱垂直流向振幅随U*的增加而上升,可观察到初始分支和上部分支。除α₀=10?外,三角柱振动折减频率f_y*随U*的增加先缓慢上升(3≤U*≤8),后稳定于1.0附近,并可捕捉到频率锁定现象。α₀=40?时,随着U*的增加三角柱尾迹由双列涡街向单列涡街的转变。     

扩压叶栅角区马蹄涡的实验研究

本文给出了用三维激光多普勒测速技术对扩压叶栅叶片前缘马蹄涡的测量结果。实验结果表明：在０°和１０°两种攻角条件下均存在清晰的前缘马蹄涡;二次流的影响使得在靠近端壁壁面的区域实际入口气流角和叶片中径处不同,在不同的攻角条件下这种影响也不同;前缘马蹄涡的存在使得接近前缘的气流方向改变,气流角增大。     

二维叶片襟翼增升的试验研究

本文在雷诺数为0.24×106，0°－40°攻角范围内测定了带有90°，45°，135°三种不同偏转角的位于压力面后缘的襟翼的NACA632—215叶片的表面压力分布．根据压力分布求得的升力系数和阻力系数（压差）表明，襟翼能在不同程度上起到增升的效果，且当襟翼高度相同时，偏转角为90°时增升效果最佳；当偏转角为90°时，襟翼高度越大，升力系数增加越多．     

流体通过涡激振动机翼的声辐射研究

为了有效地降低涡激噪声,研究了粘性流体通过涡激振动机翼的声辐射。采用Navier-Stokes方程描述二维机翼的流固耦合运动,用弹簧系统代替实际固体变形产生的回复力和力矩,翼型的运动是两个自由度,即垂直于来流的振荡和转动振荡;为了模拟涡激振动,机翼的初始攻角取得比较大,以便产生周期性的旋涡脱落及周期性的流体动力,后者与弹簧系统相耦合,引起振动,用Lighthill声比拟方法研究了由此引起的声辐射。计算结果表明:当涡脱频率和机翼的固有的振动频率一致时,发生锁定的现象,此时的声辐射达到最大。     

三维透平叶片扭转颤振问题的流固耦合数值研究

颤振,尤其是失速颤振是引起叶轮机械安全事故的重要原因之一。由于叶片颤振的复杂性,过去人们一直采用半经验的方法研究叶片的颤振。本文发展了一套更精确的流固耦合计算方法,并用这种算法研究了三维透平叶片的扭转颤振。在模拟大负攻角下的颤振时发现,传播失速响应频率向固有频率靠近是振动发散的一个重要判据。通过计算得出了压比和攻角对颤振影响的特性曲线,它不但可用于判断流体激振的稳定性,而且可以研究颤振的强度。     

离心压气机进口导叶尾涡非定常发展的数值研究

本文在不同攻角和不同雷诺数Re下,对离心压气机进口导叶的内部流动进行了数值分析,探讨了导叶翼型绕流尾涡的非定常发展过程。结果表明,对本文所研究的导叶,攻角在30°～60°范围内,当雷诺数Re低于80时,流动是稳定的,翼型后方不出现大尺寸的流动分离;雷诺数Re大于80时,流动是非稳态的,此时翼型后方出现流动分离,并伴随有显著的涡脱落。     

基于平板叶栅的颤振关键参数研究

颤振是航空发动机和燃气轮机运行安全的重要威胁,判断颤振发生的传统经验法已经不再完全适用于新一代高负荷定制叶片,而大规模的三维非定常颤振计算在设计阶段难以实现。因此,为了给设计阶段提供参考,与叶片颤振特性相关的关键参数研究必不可少。本文基于二维平板叶栅,对折合频率、安装角、攻角、振动模态(平动和扭转)等影响颤振的关键参数开展了研究,旨在总结颤振稳定性随关键参数的变化趋势,为可能出现颤振风险部件的设计提供参考。     

不确定性条件下大型客机纵向静稳定性数值研究

飞机的几何不确定性和飞行中的来流不确定性常会引起飞机焦点位置的改变，进而影响飞机的静稳定性。采用CFD数值模拟方法对CHNT客机标模开展气动特性与静稳定性研究，基于非嵌入式概率配置点法，分析在机翼安装角和来流马赫数为不确定性参数情况下的飞机纵向静稳定性。计算结果表明，机翼安装角的正偏差将引起C_M曲线临界位置攻角的前移，翼根处分离流动增大，飞机焦点位置前移，纵向静稳定性减弱，俯仰力矩系数曲线导数C^α_M的PDF、CDF曲线形状类似Beta分布；来流马赫数的不确定性对焦点位置的影响显著，马赫数的正偏差可使飞机焦点位置后移，增强纵向静稳定性，C^α_M的PDF、CDF曲线形状也类似Beta分布。     

采用针孔照相方法测量弹丸飞行姿态

一、引言 测量弹丸飞行姿态,特别是出炮口100—200m以内的飞行姿态,是外弹道测试的重要内容。它与弹丸的飞行稳定性及射出密集度的研究有着非常密切的关系。 弹丸摆动幅值(攻角)及摆动波长的大小因弹而异,通常攻角幅值约2°～15°,波长约几米到几十米。要求至少可能测量3～5个摆动波长的攻角变化曲线。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.