氧化锌纳米线的场发射

热蒸发法在硅基底上制备了任意取向的氧化锌纳米线阵列。经过热蒸发过程，硅基底表面覆盖了大量均匀分布的氧化锌岛，在这些岛上生长出了直径为几十纳米的非定向纳米线。出于实用考虑，基底周围的温度在制备过程中保持在500°C以下。从这些氧化锌纳米线获得了场发射。测得10μA/cm2所对应的开启场强为3.0V/μm。并且用透明阳极技术研究了发射中心分布。观察到场发射来自于整个样品表面。从这些结果可以看出氧化锌纳米线在平板显示器中有着巨大的应用潜力.     

整齐排列的氧化锌纳米针阵列的场发射性能

采用简单的热蒸发方法,不使用任何催化剂,在硅基底上制备出了两种垂直于基底、整齐排列的氧化锌纳米针阵列.它们具有均匀的分布以及一致的取向和高度.场发射性能研究表明它们同时具有较低的开启和阈值场强,稳定的发射电流和长时间维持发射的能力.较低的开启和阈值场强来源于它们较高的长径比和较细的尖端;稳定发射电流和长时间维持发射的能力来源于它们在基底上均匀一致的分布以及由于较粗的根部带来的与基底的良好接触.实验结果表明整齐的氧化锌针状纳米结构阵列是一种理想的平面场发射材料. 关键词： 氧化锌 热蒸发 阵列场发射 屏蔽效应     

纳米金刚石掺混纳米氧化锌的场发射特性

利用水热法制备了菊花状的氧化锌纳米棒,并进行表征,将纳米氧化锌掺入纳米金刚石中配制成电泳液,超声分散后电泳沉积到钛衬底上,再经热处理后进行场发射特性的测试.结果表明:未掺混的金刚石阴极样品的开启电场为7.3V/μm,在20V/μm的电场下,场发射电流密度为81μA/cm2;掺混后阴极样品的场发射开启电场降低到4.7~6.0V/μm,在20V/μm电场下,场发射电流密度提高到140~158μA/cm2.原因是纳米ZnO掺入后,增强了涂层的电子输运能力、增加了有效发射体数目,提高了场增强因子β,而金刚石保证了热处理后涂层与衬底的良好键合,形成了欧姆接触,降低了场发射电流的热效应.场发射电流的稳定性随掺混ZnO量的增加而下降,要兼顾场发射电流密度及其稳定性,适量掺入ZnO可有效提高纳米金刚石的场发射性能.     

取向和非取向In2O3纳米线的场发射研究

用自制的设备制备了取向和无取向氧化铟纳米线,并研究了In2O3纳米线的场发射性质,发现取向纳米线比非取向纳米线有着更好的场发射特性.取向纳米线的开启和阈值场强明显低于非取向纳米线,这可能是由于取向纳米线之间的场屏蔽效应较弱以及取向纳米线有较多的顶部发射端的缘故.     

生长温度对纳米氧化锌场发射性能的影响

采用锌粉和银粉为蒸发源,用热蒸发法不同温度下制备了四针状纳米氧化锌,并以单独的锌粉做对照。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察其形貌,X射线衍射(XRD)谱表征其晶体结构。采用丝网印刷方法将其制备为场致电子发射阴极,将阴极与印刷有荧光粉的阳极板组装成二极结构场致发射显示屏,并进行了场致电子发射特性对比实验。结果表明较高温度制备的氧化锌具有较好的场致发射性能;掺杂银粉的蒸发源制备的样品的发射性能明显优于没有掺杂银粉的样品。实验证明ZnO是一种优良的场致发射冷阴极材料,在真空电子方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

水浴法制备ZnO纳米棒及其场发射性能

用硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2·6H2O)与六亚甲基四胺(C6H12N4)以等浓度配制成反应溶液,通过水浴法制备出了形貌可控的棒状ZnO纳米结构,讨论了不同反应浓度及衬底对ZnO表面形貌的影响.样品的XRD和扫描电子显微镜分析结果表明,所得产物均为六方纤锌矿结构,在有晶种层的衬底上制备出的ZnO纳米棒沿(001)方向并垂直于衬底表面生长.随着反应浓度的增加,ZnO纳米棒的直径增大,长径比减小.样品的场发射性能测试表明,反应溶液浓度为0.005 mol/L,以铜膜为晶种层的硅衬底上制备出的场发射阴极具有较好的场发射性能.     

水热法制备注射器样纳米氧化锌场发射特性的研究

应用水热法制备了注射器样纳米结构氧化锌样品,室温下测量其真空场发射特性.根据测量数据,基于Fowler-Nordheim方程,估算了场发射效应增强因子,观察到增强因子随外加电压增加取值的两阶段性;结合样品的光致发光谱和能量散射谱,应用半导体材料中强场效应理论,结合场发射电流密度测量系统的串联电路等效,研究样品中空位对场发射特性影响机理.结果表明,制备过程中形成的锌、氧空位,在样品中产生了相当于杂质态的缺陷能级,缺陷能级与样品形貌共同作用,使样品较大的增强因子随场强增加而阶跃性下降.最后,用电化学沉淀法和气 关键词： 场发射 强场效应 缺陷态 串联等效     

取向和非取向In2O3纳米线的场发射研究

用自制的设备制备了取向和无取向氧化铟纳米线，并研究了In₂O₃纳米线的场发射性质，发现取向纳米线比非取向纳米线有着更好的场发射特性.取向纳米线的开启和阈值场强明显低于非取向纳米线，这可能是由于取向纳米线之间的场屏蔽效应较弱以及取向纳米线有较多的顶部发射端的缘故. 关键词： 场发射 纳米线 取向 非取向     

晶种分布对氧化锌纳米棒生长的影响

采用水热法在氧化锌晶种修饰的衬底上生长氧化锌纳米棒,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)系统地分析了晶种分布状态对氧化锌纳米棒排列的影响.SEM结果表明随着晶种密度的增大,氧化锌纳米棒从排列无序向具有高度取向的紧密有序纳米棒阵列转变,反映纳米棒端面垂直生长优化;XRD表征显示,随着晶种密度的增大,(002)峰增强,(110)峰减弱,即端面衍射增强,侧面衍射减弱,与SEM结果相对应.同时在生长的氧化锌纳米棒中存在链状和花状的簇结构,分析表明这些簇结构与晶种在衬底上的特殊分布状态有关.     

纳米碳管的制备及其场发射性能研究

将Ni(NO3)2-Mg(NO3)2体系作为催化剂前驱体,在不同气源比例下用CVD催化裂解法制备纳米碳管,用SEM、TEM和喇曼光谱对其进行了表征和分析,制备出完整性好的纳米碳管.再用两种工艺和配方制备其场发射阴极,对阴极样品进行了场发射性能测试.结果表明,经过氢处理在Si基上制备的CNT阴极发光效果好,且具有良好的场发射性能.     

Growth and electron field emission of ZnO nanorods on diamond films

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods grown on chemical vapor deposited diamond films by thermal vapor transport method have been investigated. In the initial growth status, the semi-spherical ZnO nuclei were preferably deposited near the growth steps on the terraces and the boundaries of diamond grains. With increasing the growth time, the [0 0 0 1] orientated ZnO nanorods appeared and further covered the whole diamond film. It is found that the size of diamond grains would determine the diameter of ZnO nanorods. The electron field emission properties of the ZnO nanorods/diamond system have been significantly improved with respect to pure diamond film. The feature of the ZnO nanorods grown on diamond films played an important role in further enhancing the electron field emission performances.     

Formation of aligned ZnO nanorods on self-grown ZnO template and its enhanced field emission characteristics

We report a novel method for producing aligned ZnO nanorods (ANR) on self-grown ZnO template in a single step process involving growth of ZnO by vapor transport, followed by quenching of growing ZnO flux in liquid nitrogen. In the present study Zn powder turns into ZnO sheet under oxygen flow at ∼900 °C and bottom surface of the sheet acts as template for the growth of ANR. It is revealed from XRD and EDAX analysis that the bottom of the sheet is Zn rich region and acts as self catalyst for the growth of ANR. The grown nanorods have length up to several tens of micrometers with diameters ranging from ∼100 to 150 nm. Microstructural analysis of ANR indicates the fractal like configuration. The field emission properties have been investigated for ANR with fractal geometry using the ANR on self-grown ZnO template as a cathode directly. The turn-on electric field required to draw current density of ∼1.0 μA/cm² has been found to be ∼0.98 V/μm. The field enhancement factor based on Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) plot was found to be ∼7815 for ANR. The fractal geometry of ANR has been shown to be advantageous for achieving improved field emission features. The present investigations of synthesis involving formation of ANR over self-grown ZnO template, together with fractal configuration of the as-synthesized ANR, are first of their type.     

Peculiarities of electron field emission from ZnO nanocrystals and nanostructured films

ZnO microcrystals and nanocrystals were grown on silicon substrates by condensation from vapour phase. Nanostructured ZnO films were deposited by plasma enhanced metal organic chemical vapour deposition (PEMOCVD). The parameters of field emission, namely form-factor β and work function , were calculated for ZnO structures by the help of the Fowler–Nordheim equation. The work functions from ZnO nanostructured films were evaluated by a comparison method. The density of emission current from ZnO nanostructures reaches 0.6 mA/cm² at electric force F=2.110⁵ V/cm. During repeatable measurements β changes from 5.810⁴ to 2.310⁶ cm⁻¹, indicating improvement of field emission. Obtained values of work functions were 3.7±0.37 eV and 2.9–3.2 eV for ZnO nanostructures and ZnO films respectively.     

Field emission property of printed CNTs-mixed ZnO nanoneedles

ZnO nanoneedles were synthesized via thermal evaporation method without any catalyst. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy investigations showed that these products presented a nanoneedle structure. To enhance the field emission (FE) properties of screen printed ZnO nanoneedles, a given amount (0.05 g) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) mixed with (0.5 g) ZnO nanoneedles paste via screen printed method and heat-treatment at (600 °C, 500 °C and 450 °C) was presented. The CNTs-mixed ZnO nanoneedles heat-treated at 450 °C had the lowest turn-on field of 3.75 V/μm, highest field emission current of 0.16 mA at 7.5 V/μm and highest β of 830. An efficiency FE enhancement of 450 °C sample was attributed to melioration of conductance between ZnO nanoneedles and ITO surface by CNTs.     

Electrodeposition of aligned ZnO sheet array on ITO substrate and their field emission characteristics

ZnO sheet array was fabricated by a simple electrodeposition method on the transparent ITO substrate at a temperature of about 60℃. The field emission properties of the ZnO sheet array were investigated. The fluctuation of the field emission current is less than 5% over several hours. The Fowler Nordheim curves with a roughly linear characteristic were obtained by analysing the current density and the intensity of the electrical field. The results prove that such a simple electrochemical method can potentially meet the demands on the production of cold cathodes for field emission display.[第一段]     

Residual gas properties in a field emission device with ZnO emitters

In this paper, a vacuum system is employed to compare the emission stabilities of the same ZnO cathode in a sealed field emission （FE） device and under ultrahigh vacuum （UHV） conditions. It is observed that the emission current is more stable under the UHV level than in the device. When all conditions except the ambient gases are kept unchanged, the emission current degradation is mainly caused by the residual gases in the sealed device. The quadrupole mass spectrometer （QMS） equipped on the vacuum system is used to investigate the residual gas components. Based on the obtained QMS data, the following conclusions can be drawn： the residual gases in ZnO-FE devices are H2, CH4, CO, Ar, and CO2. These residual gases can change the work function at the surface through adsorption or ion bombardment, thereby degrading the emission current of the cathode.     

Field emission characteristics study for ZnO/Ag and ZnO/CNTs composites produced by DC electrophoresis

A simple controllable method is reported for the coating of ZnO nanowires with Ag nanoparticles and ZnO/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite. It has been achieved through DC electrophoresis AgNO₃ electrolyte and CNTs in the presence of isopropanol dispersion of ZnO nanowires. In the present work, the influence of Ag nanoparticles and CNTs on the field emission properties of the composite materials is studied. The results of this research demonstrate a remarkable enhancement of field emission current of ZnO nanowires in case of CNTs mixture and Ag nanoparticles coating.     

两步化学沉积法制备ZnO薄膜及其场发射特性

在低温常压条件下,以ITO玻璃为衬底,采用电化学法与湿化学法结合的两步化学沉积法制备了团簇状ZnO薄膜。利用XRD,SEM分析了薄膜结构和表面形貌,并采用二极管结构在高真空条件下对薄膜进行了场发射性能测试。稳定发射后,开启电场为3.0 V/μm。当电场为5.8 V/μm时,电流密度为583.3 μA/cm²。研究表明:两步化学沉积法低温制备ZnO薄膜是可行的,且该薄膜具有良好的场发射性能。