缺中子120Ba核EC/β+衰变的再研究

利用171MeV ³²S束轰击⁹²Mo靶,熔合蒸发(2n2p)反应合成了¹²⁰Ba核.由氦喷嘴反冲快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.位于带子两侧的两个平面型高纯锗探测器对反应产物进行了符合测量.经离线数据分析,对早先发表的¹²⁰Ba衰变γ射线予以确认,并补充了19条强度较弱、能量较低的γ射线.建议了¹²⁰Ba的衰变纲图共包括35条γ射线和25条能级.     

缺中子176Ir核β+/EC衰变研究

在210MeV的束流能量下, 利用重离子熔合蒸发反应¹⁴⁶Nd(³⁵Cl, 5nγ)¹⁷⁶Ir产生具有β⁺/EC衰变性质的核素¹⁷⁶Ir,由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物传送到低本底区进行测量. 经过实验数据的离线处理分析,对早先发表的¹⁷⁶Ir衰变γ跃迁进行确认的同时又发现了3个新能级和10条新的γ射线, 丰富了¹⁷⁶Os核的低位激发态能级纲图. 并根据典型γ射线的衰变时间谱建议了¹⁷⁶Ir核的一个长寿命的低自旋同核异能态.     

缺中子130Pm和128Pr核的EC/β+衰变研究

171MeV³⁶Ar束轰击⁹⁶Ru靶由熔合蒸发反应生成了¹³⁰Pm和¹²⁸Pr核.由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.基于X-γ-t,γ-γ-t符合测量,首次建立了¹³⁰Pm的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.重新研究了¹²⁸Pr核的衰变,订正和补充了γ射线,建立了新的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.     

缺中子核素129Ce的(EC/β+)衰变

利用102MeV¹⁶O⁶⁺束轰击同位素靶¹¹⁷Sn,通过熔合蒸发4n反应产生核素¹²⁹Ce.由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.通过化学分离来制备待测的Ce样品,与此同时用¹⁶O束轰击¹¹⁷Sn的两种相邻的同位素靶¹¹⁸Sn和¹¹⁶Sn,并比较上述3种反应中的产物来进一步区分元素Ce的不同的同位素.结果一种半衰期为4.1min的活性被鉴定为¹²⁹Ce.基于X–γ–t和γ–γ–t符合测量,建议了包括51条射线在内的¹²⁹Ce的(EC/β⁺)衰变纲图.其中,¹²⁹Ce基态直接馈送到¹²⁹La基态的份额(26±7)%是用观测到的¹²⁹La衰变的278.6keV的γ射线的生长和衰变曲线估计出来的.另外还给出了用La-K_α-X射线和68.2keVγ射线开门的γ谱以及典型的衰变γ射线的时间谱.     

120Ba的β衰变

用68MeV的¹⁶O束轰击2mg/cm²的¹⁰⁶Cd靶产生¹²⁰Ba再把它氟化,送入氦喷嘴离子源.在线质量分离的¹²⁰Ba的衰变性质被γ-X,γ-γ和γ-β符合测量.其半衰期为24±2S,总衰变能Q_EC=5.0±0.3MeV,并获得了简单的¹²⁰Ba的衰变纲图.     

缺中子核素129Ce的(EC/β+)衰变

利用 10 2MeV16O6+束轰击同位素靶117Sn ,通过熔合蒸发 4n反应产生核素12 9Ce.由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区 .通过化学分离来制备待测的Ce样品 ,与此同时用16O束轰击117Sn的两种相邻的同位素靶118Sn和116Sn ,并比较上述 3种反应中的产物来进一步区分元素Ce的不同的同位素 .结果一种半衰期为 4.1min的活性被鉴定为12 9Ce.基于X -γ -t和γ -γ -t符合测量 ,建议了包括 5 1条射线在内的12 9Ce的 (EC/ β+)衰变纲图 .其中 ,12 9Ce基态直接馈送到12 9La基态的份额 ( 2 6± 7) %是用观测到的12 9La衰变的 2 78.6keV的γ射线的生长和衰变曲线估计出来的 .另外还给出了用La Kα X射线和6 8.2keVγ射线开门的γ谱以及典型的衰变γ射线的时间谱     

首次测定短寿命缺中子同位素153Er和157Yb的EC／β^＋衰变纲图简介

本文简介绍了首次成功地测定这两个衰变纲图的技术难点，实验过程，主要实验结果表明物理意义。     

130Nd和140Tb的EC/β+衰变研究

利用能量为170MeV左右的³⁶Ar重离子束轰击⁹⁶Ru和¹⁰⁶Cd浓缩同位素靶,分别生成缺中子同位素¹³⁰Nd和¹⁴⁰Tb.借助氦喷嘴带传输系统,用X–γ和γ–γ符合方法,分离鉴别了这两种核素,并进一步测定了它们的衰变性质.得到¹³⁰Nd的半衰期为(13±3)s,首次建议了它的EC/β+衰变纲图,推测了其子核¹³⁰Pr的基态和低位能级的自旋宇称.修订了¹⁴⁰Tb的原有极简单的EC/β⁺衰变纲图并指认¹⁴⁰Tb的基态自旋宇称为7⁺.     

首次测定短寿命缺中子同位素153Er和157Yb的EC/β+衰变纲图

利用¹⁶O重离子束轰击¹⁴²Nd和¹⁴⁷Sm同位素靶分别生成¹⁵³Er和¹⁵⁷Yb.借助氦喷嘴带传输系统和X-γ、γ-γ符合测量方法分离鉴别核素并测量其衰变性质.首次建立了¹⁵³Er和¹⁵⁷Yb的EC/β⁺衰变纲图.从中指认出¹⁵³Ho的一个新三(准)粒子态和两个新单粒子态,指认出¹⁵⁷Tm的一个新的同质异能态和一条新转动带.低位能级系统分析表明:在Ho和Tm这两条奇A核的同位素链中基态形状的转变区都在中子数86和88之间.     

丰中子核18N的β衰变研究

用壳模型方法研究了丰中子核¹⁸N的β衰变. 在psd模型空间使用不同的相互作用进行理论计算, 对不同相互作用得到的B(GT)值进行对比和讨论, 给出了最吻合的计算结果. 讨论了¹⁸N核的Gamow-Teller型衰变的特性, 理论计算对近期的实验观测给出了合理的解释: 粒子的激发主要存在于psd空间; 另外预言出9.5MeV附近存在一个B(GT)峰值, 这些计算对氮同位素的β衰变的实验研究将很有意义.     

Reinvestigation of the beta-decay of 110Mo

The beta-decay of the neutron-rich nucleus ¹¹⁰Mo, separated by the IGISOL on-line mass separator from other fission products, has been investigated by using beta-gamma and gamma-gamma coincidence techniques. The decay scheme of ¹¹⁰Mo has been revised, including 3 new excited states and 7 new transitions in ¹¹⁰Tc. The -feedings were measured and values and B(GT) values were deduced based on a -value from systematics. Three excited 1 ⁺ states in ¹¹⁰Tc fed by spin-flip allowed-unhindered beta transitions were identified. The deduced beta-decay strengths are compared with the Gamow-Teller strength distribution obtained from a macroscopic-microscopic calculation. The role of the asymptotic quantum numbers in the context of the allowed beta-decay is discussed.Received: 5 May 2003, Revised: 13 June 2003, Published online: 26 November 2003PACS: 27.60. + j - 21.10.Tg Lifetimes - 23.20.Lv Gamma transitions and level energiesJ.C. Wang: Present address: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Room F-133, Bldg 203, Argonne, IL 60439, USA;     

Reinvestigation of proton threshold states in26Al

The²⁷Al(³He,α)²⁶Al reaction has been used to determine 1-transfers for states in²⁶Al between 6.3- and 6.5- MeV excitation. Angular distributions of α-particles between 5° and 15°, when added to our previously published results confirm a strong 1=0 component for a state at 6363 keV but indicate pure 1=2 for states at 6410 and 6498 keV. We discuss implications for nucleosynthesis.     

Using pixel detectors in investigations of EC/EC decay

A new multi-detector spectrometer based on Timepix silicon pixel detectors is developed to investigate the 2νEC/EC decay of ¹⁰⁶Cd. The detectors have high efficiency for recording two low-energy KX radiation quanta emitted during 2νEC/EC decay. The ability of pixel detector to identify α, β, and γ particles and precisely localize them allows us to suppress background radiation efficiently. Test measurements for an assembly of two pixel detectors in an underground laboratory were performed. They showed the possibility of using them in the search for the 2νEC/EC decay of ¹⁰⁶Cd.     

Reinvestigation of Quark Masses Variations on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

We report the constraints from primordial nucleosynthesis on a possible time-dependent quark mass. The variation may affect binding energies and Q values as well as resonance properties of light elements through the hadron mass variation in the nucleon–nucleon interaction. Updated light-element abundances and uncertainties along with a new detailed analysis of the resonance properties on the crucial ³He(d, p)⁴He reaction imply a narrower range on the possible quark-mass variations in the early universe. The optimum concordance region reduces to a value consistent with no variation.     

Reinvestigation of Collective Bands in 107Tc

The high spin states of a neutron-rich ^107 Tc nucleus are reinvestigated by observing prompt γ-rays from the spontaneous fission of ^252 Cf. The previous level scheme is updated. A collective band based on the π5/2- [303] orbital is confirmed and extended. Inconsistencies in the configuration assignments for a type of positive parity bands of odd-A 105,107,109 Tc in the previous reports are clarified according to the g factor calculations. A new band based on the 1499.5 keV level in ^107Tc is proposed as a two-phonon γ-vibrational band.     

Reinvestigation of the thermoelectric properties of Ag8GeTe6

High‐density polycrystalline samples (above 98% of the theoretical density) of Ag₈GeTe₆ were prepared by solid‐state reactions of Ag₂Te, GeTe, and Te, followed by hot‐pressing. The thermoelectric properties were measured at temperatures ranging from room temperature to around 700 K. The thermal conductivity values were extremely low (0.25 Wm^–1 K^–1 at room temperature), and consequently Ag₈GeTe₆ exhibited a relatively high thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT = 0.48 at 703 K. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Reinvestigation of the sign problem in the two-dimensional Hubbard model

We reinvestigate the sign problem in the two-dimensional Hubbard model using the projector ground state Quantum Monte Carlo scheme with Langevin dynamics. Our interest is mainly motivated by the question: what is the parameter space in which simulations may be performed with reliable results and how does the average sign scales with inverse temperature? In the parameter space in which one may omit the sign problem we have studied the ground state properties: momentum distribution and spin structure. We find an exponential decay of the average sign. At half filling, we find evidence for an antiferromagnetic insulating ground state. At off half band fillings, the antiferromagnetic state is destroyed leaving place to an incommensurate spin density state.