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离子液体独特的溶剂性能使它在合成和催化领域得到了广泛的应用。然而,离子液体的经济问题和可能的环境友好性问题使得人们逐渐把目光投向了离子液体自身的催化性能。人们通过对离子液体结构的修饰设计出了各种具有特定催化性能的功能化离子液体。近年来功能化离子液体在催化碳-杂键形成反应方面有了相当多的应用。本文以形成的碳-杂原子键类型为主线,综述了功能化离子液体在催化碳-杂键形成反应方面的最新研究进展,涉及到了酸性离子液体、碱性离子液体、金属有机功能化离子液体、酸碱双功能离子液体、手性离子液体等多种类型的功能化离子液体。 相似文献
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1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑甲磺酸盐离子液体对聚碳酸酯阻燃性能及热降解行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着绿色化学概念的提出,在全世界范围内形成了离子液体的研究热潮。离子液体具备非挥发性或"零"蒸气压;低熔点;宽液程;高热稳定性;酸碱可调性;可循环使用性;非燃性等优良特性,使离子液体被公认为是符合绿色化学理念的溶剂与材料。聚碳酸酯(PC)作为重要的工程塑料,很多应用对其有阻燃性能有较高要求。而传统用于PC的阻燃剂不具备很好的环境友好性。 相似文献
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1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑系列室温离子液体表面张力的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
合成了系列1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([C2~7mim]BF4)及六氟磷酸盐([C4~7mim]PF6)室温离子液体, 并通过核磁氢谱、红外光谱、质谱等手段对其进行了结构表征; 采用Wilhelmy白金板法, 在293~338 K范围内测定了离子液体的表面张力, 测试结果显示, 同类离子液体表面张力γ随温度的升高而线性下降, 同种离子液体的表面张力呈现出较宽的变化范围, 如293 K下, 表面张力值从[C2mim]BF4的50.4 mJ/m2到[C7mim]BF4的36.1 mJ/m2. 最后对离子液体的表面性能进行了讨论. 相似文献
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以烯丙基三乙氧基硅烷与1-乙烯基-3-辛基咪唑溴盐离子液体为单体通过自由基聚合及溶胶-凝胶制备了有机-无机杂化聚离子液体材料。通过红外光谱和扫描电镜对所制备的杂化聚离子液体材料进行了表征,并考察了其对柠檬黄、日落黄、苋菜红以及诱惑红等常见染料的吸附性能。研究结果表明:所制备的聚离子液体材料对日落黄和诱惑红具有优异的吸附性能,其吸附容量分别为29.20和86.17 mg/g;当吸附时间为5 min时,该材料对诱惑红和日落黄的吸附分别达到平衡时吸附量的87.5%和72.8%,显示了较快的吸附速率。 相似文献
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离子液体作为潜在的“绿色”溶剂,具有许多传统溶剂无法比拟的优异性能,在有机合成、催化、液液分离和萃取等领域引起了广泛的研究。而在离子液体领域无机材料的制备是一个较新的发展分支,现已利用其合成出多种具有独特结构和性能的无机材料。本文就离子液体在无机材料制备方面的应用及发展趋势进行了综述。目前,对于制备无机材料,离子液体主要是作为电解液、表面活性剂或溶剂,本文介绍了其在应用中的优缺点,并指出该领域未来的发展趋势是离子热合成和集模板-溶剂-反应物于一身的离子液体反应。 相似文献
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Families of symmetric, ionic, tetracatenar mesogens are described based on a rigid, N-phenylpyridinium core, prepared as their triflimide, octyl sulfate and dodecyl sulfate salts for a range of terminal chain lengths. The mesomorphism of the individual series is described before a comparison is drawn between the different families and then more broadly with (i) neutral tetracatenar materials and (ii) related bis(3,4-dialkoxystilbazole)silver(I) salts. For the octyl and dodecyl sulfates and the related triflates reported earlier, a SmA phase is seen at shorter chain lengths, giving way to a Colh phase as the terminal chain lengthens. For the alkyl sulfate salts, an intermediate cubic phase is also seen and the terminal chain length required to cause the change from lamellar to columnar mesophase depends on the anion. Furthermore, there is an unexpected and sometime very large mesophase stabilisation seen on entering the columnar phase. All of the triflimide salts show a rectangular columnar (ribbon) phase. 相似文献
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Nanoparticles of organosilane-based nitrite ionic liquid immobilized on silica, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrite, and 1-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-3-methylimidazolium nitrite were used as effective reagents for the preparation of benzotriazole derivatives from 1,2-diaminobenzenes at room temperature under mild solvent-free conditions. These ionic liquids play as nitrosonium sources in this procedure.1,2-Diaminobenzene derivatives have been treated with ionic liquids to give the related diaminobenzenes in very good to excellent yields in short reaction times.
Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications® for the full experimental and spectral details. 相似文献
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A series of poly(ionic liquid)s (pILs) based on the 1‐vinyl‐3‐hexylimidazolium polymerizable cation and on the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, nonafluoro‐1‐butanesulfonate, dodecylbenzenesulfonate, heptadecafluorooctanesulfonate, and 4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11‐heptadecafluoroundecanoate anions have been synthesized and characterized. Their sorption/desorption response towards CO2 has been tested through quartz crystal microbalance investigations. The obtained results show that all of the pILs here reported are featured by peculiar CO2 sorption properties as they display fast and linear response, reversibility without any memory effect, and reproducibility, suggesting that anion plays a key role in determining sensitivity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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离子液体型表面活性剂研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以1-甲基咪唑为原料, 制备了6个常规离子液体: 1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐及六氟磷酸盐(简称[bmim][BF4]及[bmim][PF6])、1-正己基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐及六氟磷酸盐(简称[hmim][BF4]及[hmim][PF6])、1-正十六烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐及六氟磷酸盐(简称[C16mim][BF4]及[C16mim][PF6])和4个功能化离子液体: 1-(2-羟乙基)-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐及六氟磷酸盐(简称[2-hemim][BF4]及[2-hemim][PF6])、1-乙氧羰基甲基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐及六氟磷酸盐(简称[eocmmim][BF4]及[eocmmim][PF6]). 研究了这两类离子液体的一些物理性能, 旨在挖掘离子液体在香料香精化妆品工业中的应用价值. 分别检测了它们与一般溶剂的互溶性, 并测定了它们的表面张力和发泡性能, 实验结果表明, 仅[C16mim][BF4]和[C16mim][PF6]具有发泡性能, 发泡力分别为68和120 mm. 相似文献
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A convenient and rapid method for the synthesis of aryliodides via the sequential diazotization–iodination of electron-deficient anilines using IL-ONO/[bmim]I is described. IL-ONO and [bmim]I were used as a nitrosonium source for diazotization of anilines and as a iodide ion source for subsequent iodination respectively. Electron-deficient anilines were efficiently and selectively iododeaminated in the presence of other anilines in good to excellent yields. This reaction can be regarded as a new method for the preparation of synthetically and pharmaceutically important iodoarens. Selectively iododeamination of electron-poor anilines in the presence of electron-rich anilines is one of the synthetically important advantages of this new method. 相似文献
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《Macromolecular rapid communications》2017,38(8)
To extend fossil oil supplies, sustainable feed stocks for the production of useful reagents and polymers should be harnessed. In this regard, chemicals derived from plants are excellent candidates. While the vast majority of plant sources used for polymer science only contain C x H y O z , alkaloids such as caffeine, nicotine, and theophylline possess nitrogen functionality that can provide new functions for bioderived polymers and their synthesis. In this context, the chemistry of theophylline, a natural product found in chocolate and tea, is exploited to create a cationic “poly(theophylline)” in a straightforward fashion for the first time. This work demonstrates how this new polymer can be synthesized and used for the creation of narrowly disperse cationic microspheres.