高频红外碳硫分析仪在硫回收催化剂分析中的应用

采用CS-800型碳硫分析仪对硫回收催化剂的积碳和积硫量进行分析,考察了助熔剂和样品用量对分析结果的影响,同时考察了分析方法的准确性.试验结果表明,碳的回收率为96.8%~100%,硫的回收率为98.9%~100%,相对标准偏差小于3%.分析方法准确可靠,重复性好,硫回收催化剂的称样质量为50.0~70.0 mg,能满足分析要求.     

从电化学和微生物学角度分析微生物燃料电池处理硫污染物的机理

微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cells,MFCs)是一种有前景的去除废水中硫污染物的技术。本文在生物膜电极反应机理的基础上,讨论电极反应和微生物在MFCs处理硫污染物过程中的作用,论证了其处理机制和影响因素,总结了反应器构型、分离器类型、电极材料和催化剂,以及硫的回收和电极再生。此外,通过核算对比MFCs和典型的厌氧生物技术处理含硫废水的成本和收益对MFCs去除废水中硫污染物的可行性进行了评估。     

GM3018脱硫剂在LPG深度脱硫中的开发和应用

M30 1 8脱硫剂是将原料气中的无机硫催化转化为单质硫 ,生成单质硫后沉积在脱硫剂中 ,而有机硫则被催化转化为硫和硫酸根 ,沉积在脱硫剂中。脱硫效果的好坏实际上取决于硫的转化。脱硫剂需定期更换 ,回收处理     

锌精矿加压氧化酸浸过程中硫的行为

本工作对锌精矿加压氧化酸浸过程中元素硫的行为进行了研究。考察了添加剂用量、搅拌速度、温度、酸度、时间等操作参数对硫的粒度分布,硫与渣的作用,硫的表面形态以及浮选回收的影响。探讨研究了添加剂,搅拌速度对浸取过程及硫行为影响的原因。得出了浸取操作较适宜的条件。     

氧化铝柱预分离-离子色谱法测定钢铁中痕量硫

采用２．２５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ邻苯二甲酸氢钾为流动相,以单柱阴离子色谱法测定痕量硫,硫的检出限达３μｇ／Ｌ,详细研究了氧化铝柱分离条件,实现了钢铁中痕量硫与基体快速分离并定量回收,消除了酸溶路线中大量杂质离子的干扰及重金属离子对色谱柱的危害,研究了不同基体对痕量硫测定的干扰情况及消除方法,建立了氧化铝柱预分离－ＩＣ法测定钢铁中痕量硫的新方法。     

铅锌矿中硫的相态分析

建立了铅锌矿中硫的相态分析的方法,包括自然状态硫、硫酸根态硫和全硫的分析方法。采用非连续浸提的方法用Na2SO3溶液将自然硫浸出,Na2CO3溶液将SO2-4浸出,并分别用碘量法和BaSO4重量法进行测定,总硫以碳硫分析仪定量测定,还原态硫由差减法得到。对选用的铅锌矿中的硫进行了形态分析,通过加标回收考察方法的准确度,各形态硫的加标回收率均在95%左右,符合常量和痕量分析的要求。     

硒作用下苯胺和硫醇羰基化合成硫代氨基甲酸酯

报道了一种新颖且简易的合成硫代氨基甲酸酯的方法. 在硒作用下, 苯胺和硫醇的羰基化反应在室温常压条件下顺利进行, 大多数目标产物硫代氨基甲酸酯的收率从中等到较高. 硒在反应结束后可方便地回收并能循环使用.     

流动注射光度分析法测定药物中硫普罗宁含量

基于硫普罗宁[化学名为N-(2-巯基丙酰基)-甘氨酸]对铁(Ⅲ)的还原反应和还原后的铁(Ⅱ)与邻菲啰啉的显色反应生成吸收峰在508nm处的络合物,并应用了流动注射技术,提出了间接测定硫普罗宁的流动注射光度分析法。设计并自制了流动注射分析仪,采用光栅分光光度计作为检测单元,此仪器的测定频率达到85次.h-1。硫普罗宁的质量浓度在4.00～450mg.L-1范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为0.56mg.L-1。应用此方法分析了硫普罗宁片剂及针剂样品,所得测定值与标准方法的测定值相符。以此两种样品为基体,加入标准溶液作回收试验,测得片剂及注射剂的回收率分别为100.5%及99.2%。     

流动注射化学发光法测定硫离子

在0.06 mol.L-1硫酸介质中,溴酸钾氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光,硫离子对这一体系的化学发光具有增强作用。据此,结合流动注射技术,提出了一种测定硫离子的方法。线性范围为1.0×10-6～1.0×10-3g.L-1(分为3个浓度区间),检出限(3s/b)为8.0×10-7g.L-1。对1.0×10-4g.L-1硫离子标准溶液进行平行测定,其相对标准偏差(n=11)为3.4%。该方法用于水样中硫离子的测定,并以此样品为基体做回收试验,测得回收率在96.5%～105.0%之间。     

碳化硅纳米材料的溶剂热合成

本文综述了溶剂热法制备一系列碳化硅纳米材料的研究,包括一维纳米线、纳米带、纳米棒、二维纳米片及空心球等;同时,碳源过量时可形成碳包覆碳化硅的复合材料。使用废塑料作为碳源合成了碳化硅纳米材料,为废塑料的回收再利用提供了新途径。通过使用碘、硫等添加剂,有效降低了合成温度,显示出溶剂热技术在制备碳化硅方面的独特优势。     

ADVANCES IN CLAUS REACTION AND RELATED REACTIONS

Abstract

During the sweetening of sour natural gas H2S and other contaminants are separated from natural gas. The conversion of H,S and other sulfur conipounds to sulfur is accomplished by the well known Claus process in which H2S and SOz are allowed to react catalytically over an alumina-based catalyst at around 250°C. The Claus reaction is thermodynamically limited so that 2–4 catalytic stages, with intervening sulfur removal, are required to achieve total conversions of 95–98%. There is considerable research activity into all phases of sulfur recovery operations with the major emphasis on maximizing the overall sulfur recovery. This report summarizes the developments in Claus reaction and attempts to focus attention on potential areas for future research.     

通氮燃烧碘量法测定锰铁及硅铁中硫

提出氮气气氛中以CuO SiO2作添加剂进行燃烧碘量法测定硅铁及锰铁中的硫,克服了通氧燃烧时硫的回收率低且波动大的缺点,采用这一新方法,试样中硫的回收率接近100％,因此使方法的准确度和精密度显著提高。     

SO2在多组分悬浮液中的吸收反应特性

The emission of sulfur dioxide in flue gases is an important problem in industry involving combustion of coal. The wet scrubbing process using lime/limestone slurry as the scrubbing medium is currently the dominant technology for the flue gas desulfurization. Due to the presence of numerous ionic and neutral species in the slurry, the chemical reactions involved in the slurry upon absorption of sulfur dioxide are complex. In this paper, a method of measuring the sulfur dioxide absorption in multi-component suspensions was developed and the characteristics of sulfur dioxide absorption were investigated. The results show that different additives chosed in the experiment can improve the ability of SO2 absorption. As to the same additive, the improvement effect is differ with different concentration. For the magnesium hydroxide additive, its optimum concentration is 1×10-4 mol/L. Experiment results suggested that dissolved sulfur dioxide reacts mainly with the magnesium sulfite ion pair which is responsible for the increased absorption rate of SO2. However, when CO2-3 or SO24- anions are present in the solution, the catalytic effect of magnesium hydroxide precipitate on sulfur dioxide absorption reduces. According to the experiments, absorbents with better performance can be optimized to be applied in semi-dry or wet FGD process to raise SO2 removal efficiency.     

元素分析仪法快速测定海洋地质样品中的硫

采用元素分析仪测定海洋沉积物中硫的含量,确定了元素分析仪的最佳工作条件为:氧化炉温度1050℃;载气压力80 kPa;载气流量125 mL/min;加氧量20 mL;氧气分压45 kPa。方法的检出限为0.013%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.52%～3.31%(n=12),回收率为97.2%～101.1%。方法可用于沉积物和土壤样品中硫的快速测定。     

SD40硅烷偶联剂中硫含量的测定

对SD40硅烷偶联剂试样进行消解处理、加热至高氯酸冒烟,使原硅脱水凝聚形成沉淀除去,用硫酸钡重量法测定SD40硅烷偶联剂中硫的含量,此法的相对标准偏差低于0.15％,标样回收率为99.8％～100.2％。     

全自动红外吸收光谱法测定硫化矿矿石中全硫量

近年来,随着全自动红外测硫仪的快速发展,仪器性能的升级优化,加之对固体矿物质种类和高硫含量检测技术有了新的技术突破.因此将全自动红外测硫仪应用于硫化矿矿石中全硫量的测定,采用国家硫矿石标准样品中不同段的硫含量(标准值),建立标准工作曲线,再结合实际样品校正该曲线,建立了一种用全自动红外吸收光谱法测定硫化矿矿石中全硫量的...     

用XPS研究兖州煤各显微组分中有机硫存在形态

应用ＸＰＳ（Ｘ射线光电子能谱）法研究了兖州煤显微组有机硫的存在形态。按密度不同分离出的兖州煤中各显微且分内的有机硫存在形态是有差异的。据ＸＰＳ分析，稳定组中含有大量的硫砜、硫醚含硫化合物，噻吩型硫闪之；镜质组中硫、硫醚与脂肪族硫化物含量相当；惰性组中噻吩型硫与硫醚和硫醇型硫各占有机硫的一半。噻吩型硫在充州煤各显微组分中，随密度增加。含量有所减少，硫醚、硫醇及二硫化物的含量也有类似的趋势。这些结果将     

催化裂化汽油中类型硫含量分布

利用催化裂化汽油中各类硫化物的系统分析方法,对催化裂化(FCC)汽油和重油催化裂化(RFCC)汽油中各类型硫进行了分析测定,碱洗后FCC汽油和RFCC汽油中类型硫的布规律为:硫醇硫和二硫化物硫的含量较少,硫醚硫含量中等,而噻吩类硫的含量最多,占总硫含量的60%以上.     

Capability and limitations of the determination of sulfur in inorganic and biological matrices by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

The capability and limitations of TXRF were explored for the determination of the light element sulfur in inorganic and biological samples. The recovery rates of sulfur were measured with tungsten L-radiation in the dry residues of various sulfates and sulfur containing amino acids with a sulfur concentration ranging from 0.5 to 20 mg/l. Furthermore, the surface topography of the dry residues of the samples was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their thickness profiles were recorded by an Alpha-Step. The results show that the reliable determination of sulfur in inorganic samples depends on the cation involved. Alkali sulfates tend to form bulky residues which disturb the determination of sulfur distinctly due to absorption effects of the soft sulfur K radiation. In this case the use of smoothing detergents like 1% HF, 1% malic acid and 2% hydrazine hydrate is necessary for the determinations with reasonable accuracy (tolerance range: ±10% of the recovery rate). The results for the biological samples measured agree well with the expected values. The investigations lead to the conclusion that TXRF combined with a proper sample preparation is well suited for the determination of sulfur in samples of various matrices in a wide range of concentrations.