无透镜傅里叶变换显微数字全息成像系统的焦深

基于透镜相干光学成像系统的斯特列尔(Strehl)判据, 对无透镜傅里叶变换显微数字全息成像系统的焦深进行了推导, 得到了参考点源对称偏置和非对称偏置两种情况下的焦深表达式. 结果表明, 无透镜傅里叶变换显微数字全息成像系统的焦深决定因素与透镜相干成像系统的焦深决定因素不同, 其焦深不仅与照明光源的波长, 成像系统的孔径及记录距离有关, 还与参考光源的配置有关. 计算机模拟和实验结果均证明了理论分析的正确性.     

FTIR被动遥测信号中的线形函数建模及补偿方法

被动遥测红外信号的精确解译,对远距离、非接触获取污染云团信息具有重要意义。然而,测量过程中的光谱畸变阻碍了这一目的的达成。针对遥测信号中的谱线畸变问题,提出了一种利用线形函数模型自适应补偿傅里叶变换红外光谱仪光谱线形函数的方法。通过对傅里叶变换光谱仪线形函数的成因分析,结合实际仪器设计参数,从理想线形函数、固有线形函数和相位误差三个方面构建线形函数模型;在此基础上,以实测畸变光谱与理论仿真光谱的均方误差作为代价函数,利用迭代优化方法实现了对实际线形函数关键参数进行估算的算法流程;将重构得到的线形函数应用于理论光谱补偿,显著减少了理论仿真光谱与实测光谱之间的差异。分析结果表明,理想线形函数主要影响谱线展宽及旁瓣幅值;固有线形函数造成向低频方向的非对称展宽;而相位误差则会造成谱峰非对称。必须在理论仿真光谱中综合考虑三种来源线形函数的贡献,才能有效建立测量光谱和待反演云团参数之间的联系。实际线形函数畸变参数的获取和补偿应用,有助于提高红外遥测信号的定量解译水平。     

基于连续统快速傅里叶变换的红外光谱处理技术

为实现红外光谱对遥感地物准确的识别,消除高频噪声是光谱特征分析和提取的重要环节。利用光谱连续统处理方法,结合信号时域分析领域快速傅里叶变换提出了一种新的红外光谱滤波方法。该方法首先对红外光谱进行光谱连续统去除,利用快速傅里叶变换将去连续统后光谱转换到频域,设计低通滤波器滤除高频噪声,然后通过快速傅里叶反变换将频域信号转换到时域,最后对信号进行光谱连续统恢复,得到滤除噪声后的红外光谱信号。对比实验表明,连续统快速傅里叶滤波方法比常规的时域滤波方法有更好、更快的滤波效果,解决了传统快速傅里叶红外光谱滤波的吉布斯现象。该方法操作简便、运行速度快捷、滤波效果好,满足了红外光谱地物识别对光谱高质量的要求。     

Curvature measurement using three-aperture digital shearography and fast Fourier transform

Curvature measurement using a three-aperture digital shearography (DS) system is reported in this paper. The outer apertures are covered with wedge plates for introducing shear. Four images by sequentially blocking the outer apertures are used for quantitative measurement. Fourier transform technique is used to determine two sheared slope phase maps from two images at a time representing initial and deformed states. Subtraction of these two-phase maps yields the curvature phase map. Experimental results are presented for a circular diaphragm clamped along the edges and loaded at the center.     

激光外差光谱仪的仪器线型函数研究

激光外差是一种基于相干探测原理的高灵敏度光谱检测技术,因其同时具有很高的光谱分辨能力,被广泛应用于诸多研究领域.在光谱测量过程中,仪器线型函数对吸收谱线的平滑作用,会对气体浓度的反演结果产生影响.为了获取激光外差光谱仪的仪器线型函数,基于激光外差原理和信号处理过程,对影响仪器线型函数的射频滤波带宽和积分时间等参数进行了分析,获得了仪器线型函数表达式.利用自行建立的激光外差光谱仪,多次测量了3.53μm波段内水汽、甲烷的吸收谱线,分别将射频滤波频域响应函数和本文获得的仪器线型函数耦合进水汽、甲烷柱浓度的反演.结果表明,射频滤波带宽为30 MHz、积分时间分别为10 ms和100 ms时,光谱仪的实际分辨率分别约为0.005 cm~(-1)和0.025 cm~(-1);使用仪器线型函数对积分时间为100 ms时测量的数据进行反演,透过率残差平方和与甲烷吸收峰值处的残差分别减小16%和100%,提高了气体浓度反演的准确度.     

White-light Fourier holography

This paper describes a technique for generating broad spectral band Fourier holograms with an encoded white light source. Since this technique utilizes primary white-light construction and reconstruction process, it is quite suitable for color Fourier hologram image reconstruction. Experimental results are also given.     

几种傅里叶子的深入比较研究

用于模式识别的傅里叶子主要有基于极半径函数、转角函数和曲率函数等三种方法 ,通过比较研究 ,找出一种运算简便且精度高的傅里叶子。对不同的图形用三种方法分别计算出原函数和傅里叶频谱 ,然后从大到小依次选取k个 (k =1,2 ,… ,N)傅里叶系数进行反变换 ,计算出反变换函数与原函数之间存在的误差 ,根据误差随k变化的曲线判断三种方法的优劣。实验结果表明 ,基于极半径函数的傅里叶子最为理想。将它用于孢子的识别和计数 ,正确识别率达 99%。     

光纤傅里叶变换光谱仪干涉图的对称化处理

偏离中心条纹的抽样以及光纤干涉仪的缺陷引起光纤傅里叶变换光谱仪(FFTS)输出的干涉图不对称,导致由傅里叶余弦变换计算得到的光谱带有相位误差,影响光谱的线型。文章首次将卷积方法应用到光纤傅里叶变换光谱仪中干涉图的对称化处理,利用干涉图的中心部分计算出相位误差,通过傅里叶变换得到了对称化处理函数,用卷积运算在时域完成了光谱的相位误差校正。实验研究表明,在FFTS中该方法能在时域有效地实现干涉图对称化,校正了光谱的相位误差。该方法不仅克服了双边干涉图的缺点,而且校正的结果有较高的准确度。     

Fourier path integral Monte Carlo study of a two-dimensional model quantum monolayer

Adsorption isotherms have been constructed for a 2-dimensional ²⁰Ne fluid that represents a quantum monolayer. A quantum distribution function theory is presented and implemented in the computation of the chemical potential as a function of the density of the adsorbed material. The quantum partition function in the canonical ensemble is written in its path integral representation with paths expanded in a Fourier series (Fourier path integral). The multidimensional integrals obtained in this representation are solved using the j-walking Monte Carlo integration technique. The results obtained suggest that as the quantum contributions increase the amount of adsorbed material decreases, compared with classical results. An increment in internal and kinetic energies due to quantum effects is responsible for the reduction in the amount of adsorbed material. As expected, quantum effects are much larger at low temperatures.     

Fourier phase microscopy for investigation of biological structures and dynamics

By use of the Fourier decomposition of a low-coherence optical image field into two spatial components that can be controllably shifted in phase with respect to each other, a new high-transverse-resolution quantitative-phase microscope has been developed. The technique transforms a typical optical microscope into a quantitative-phase microscope, with high accuracy and a path-length sensitivity of lambda/5500, which is stable over several hours. The results obtained on epithelial and red blood cells demonstrate the potential of this instrument for quantitative investigation of the structure and dynamics associated with biological systems without sample preparation.     

Trim-to-Coherence Fourier Transform

We introduce a discrete Fourier transform technique which extracts more spectral information from a given time series data set than conventional discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Valid information is obtained between the spectral bins of conventional DFT, scalloping error is greatly reduced, and amplitude and phase of Fourier components are more true to the process under study as with conventional DFT. We call the general idea Trim-to-Coherence Fourier Transform, and its particular embodiment ‘Phase-Rotation Fourier Transform’. Treatment of the raw data is minimally invasive; e.g. there is no zero padding.     

Fourier analysis of wave turbulence in a thin elastic plate

The spatio-temporal dynamics of the deformation of a vibrated plate is measured by a high speed Fourier transform profilometry technique. The space-time Fourier spectrum is analyzed. It displays a behavior consistent with the premises of the Weak Turbulence theory. A isotropic continuous spectrum of waves is excited with a non linear dispersion relation slightly shifted from the linear dispersion relation. The spectral width of the dispersion relation is also measured. The non linearity of this system is weak as expected from the theory. Finite size effects are discussed. Despite a qualitative agreement with the theory, a quantitative mismatch is observed which origin may be due to the dissipation that ultimately absorbs the energy flux of the Kolmogorov-Zakharov casade.     

Recent Applications of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry in Herbal Medicine Analysis

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a fast and nondestructive analytical method. Associated with chemometrics, it is a powerful tool for the pharmaceutical industry. It is becoming a suitable technique for analysis of herbal medicine. This review focuses on the recent developments and updates for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of herbal medicine using FTIR. Moreover, it can be implemented during herbal drug development, in production for process monitoring, or in quality control laboratories.     

Three-dimensional Fourier Fringe Analysis

Over the years two-dimensional Fourier Fringe Analysis (2D-FFA) has demonstrated both its capability and its relative robustness in analysing fringe patterns within a short time-frame from static objects. Nowadays, there is an increasing demand to measure dynamic objects. Today 2D-FFA is seen as a fast and flexible method of processing fringe patterns for dynamic objects. But it is still inherently a 2D approach, i.e. it deals with three-dimensional data (video sequences) on an individual 2D frame-by-frame basis. In this paper, a novel three-dimensional Fourier Fringe Analysis (3D-FFA) algorithm is proposed to demodulate fringe pattern sequences taken from dynamic objects. This technique processes the stack of fringe patterns as a single 3D volume, not as a set of individual 2D frames that are each processed in isolation. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated on both computer simulated and real dynamic objects. Results show that the proposed technique is able to demodulate fringe pattern volumes successfully.     

Accelerating fast Fourier transform and filtering operations in Fourier fringe analysis for accurate measurement of three-dimensional surfaces

This paper describes two techniques to accelerate the Fourier fringe analysis technique. The two 2-D Fourier transforms required for the technique are usually a bottleneck for good-quality images in which unwrapping is straight forward. Automation of the filtering operation is an operation that very often requires user interaction when two peaks at similar frequencies are present in the Fourier transform. The techniques presented in this paper attempt to solve these issues. The first technique proposes a reduction in the number of pixels calculated by the Fourier transform. The second, automates the filtering operation to avoid user interaction.     

Improved composite Fourier transform profilometry

An improved composite Fourier transform profilometry (ICFTP) is proposed through optimizing the composite grating. Compared with the composite Fourier transform profilometry (CFTP), the frequencies of the two sinusoidal images modulated along the orthogonal direction in the optimized composite grating are not equal. The overlapping degree of Fourier spectrum of the optimized grating is lowered. The measuring accuracy is improved because two frequencies are used to calculate phase more accurately. By using a more advantageous flat image extracted ingeniously from the optimized grating, the zero component of the lower frequency sinusoidal image in the Fourier spectrum can be eliminated. So the measuring range is extended the same as that by the π phase shifting technique. Both numerical simulation and experiment demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.     

X-ray interferometric Fourier holography

An X-ray interferometric Fourier holography was proposed and theoretically investigated. X-ray Interferometric Young fringes and the reconstruction of an object image were investigated by the Fourier transform method. It was shown that on the output surface of the analyzer crystal (the third plate of the interferometer) the interference pattern of two slits gives X-ray interferometric Young fringes. An expression for the period of X-ray interferometric Young fringes was obtained. The subsequent reconstruction of the slit image as an object is conducted by means of the Fourier transform method of intensity distribution on the hologram. Three methods for reconstruction of the function of complex transmission of the object are presented: an analytical one–the approximate method, the iteration method and the step-by-step approach. As examples a recording of X-ray interferometric Fourier hologram and the reconstruction of the function of complex amplitude transmission of a beryllium circular cylinder are given.     

基于窗口傅里叶变换剪切干涉法波前检测

提出了一种利用二维窗口傅里叶变换从径向剪切干涉条纹中准确得到波前的重建技术。首先对剪切干涉条纹做二维窗口傅里叶变换,设置阈值和频率积分范围后,进行二维窗口傅里叶逆变换,然后对包裹相位做去载频和相位展开处理得到相位差分布,最后使用波前迭代算法从相位差中复原实际波前。模拟计算表明,使用该方法最大相位复原误差为0.82%,均方根值为0.020 9 rad,实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。同时也对窗口傅里叶变换的关键参数,如窗函数的选择、窗口大小的确定以及阈值的选取等进行了简要讨论。与传统傅里叶变换法(FFT)相比,基于窗口傅里叶变换的剪切干涉波前检测法有更高的精度和稳定性,为波前检测提供一种新的处理方法。     

非对等FOV作用下的高分辨率FTIRS仪器线型函数研究

视场角(FOV)是仅次于最大光程差、决定高分辨率傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIRS)仪器线型函数(ILS)的重要因素.由于光学设计和装调原因,理论为圆形FOV的扩散光束,到达探测器端时,其水平和垂直方向上的FOV值往往不再严格对等.对此,提出了以椭圆形面光源取代传统文献中的圆形面光源来反映这种非对等性,并结合最大光程差参数,...