锂离子电池用复合导电剂浆料制备与性能

采用超声波混合、抽滤的方法把多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)和乙炔黑混合制备了锂离子电池用复合导电剂浆料,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和恒流充放电测试考察了复合导电剂的结构和其作为导电剂对LiCoO2电极放电比容量的影响.SEM的分析结果表明MWCNTs和乙炔黑实现了纳米层次的均匀混合.复合导电剂悬浮液和浆料分别被用作导电剂制成了两种LiCoO2电极,前一种电极为Cathode A,后一种电极为Cathode B,考察了不同MWCNTs含量时,两种电极0.5 C第10次放电比容量的差异.实验结果表明,随着MWCNTs含量的增加,两种电极放电比容量的差值增大,说明低含量MWCNTs的复合导电剂浆料是一种理想的锂离子电池导电剂.     

碳纳米管复合导电剂的应用研究

锂离子电池及其相关技术的发展对容量、充放电倍率特性、循环寿命和加工适用性等提出了更高的要求。目前最常用的负极和正极材料与电解液相容性差，充放电过程中结构变化大易剥落导致电池循环稳定性差。鉴于碳纳米管大的长径比、良好的导电性能、优异的力学性能和化学惰性，很适于用作导电剂提升电池性能。本文主要研究了碳纳米管复合材料用作导电剂，并制作成品锂离子电池检测其性能。主要取得了两项实用成果：（1）获得碳纳米管复合导电剂的制备方法，而且采用简单的机械搅拌就可以将复合导电剂进行有效均匀分散，易于进行规模化应用；（2）用碳纳米管复合材料作导电剂，与目前常用的导电剂导电碳黑相比，锂离子电池循环寿命提高一倍以上。     

碳纳米管和乙炔黑对LiCoO2阴极倍率放电性能的影响

分别以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)和乙炔黑(AB)为导电剂,比较了它们对锂离子电池LiCoO2阴极的倍率放电性能的影响.结果表明:MWCNTs的粉体或水性悬浮物作导电剂时,LiCoO2阴极的倍率放电性能差别较大;MWCNTs结晶度高于AB,但团聚比AB严重,粉体在电极片中局部聚集,水性悬浮物在电极片中均匀分散.AB的粉...     

碳纳米管复合导电剂的应用研究

锂离子电池及其相关技术的发展对容量、充放电倍率特性、循环寿命和加工适用性等提出了更高的要求.目前最常用的负极和正极材料与电解液相容性差,充放电过程中结构变化大易剥落导致电池循环稳定性差.鉴于碳纳米管大的长径比、良好的导电性能、优异的力学性能和化学惰性,很适于用作导电剂提升电池性能.本文主要研究了碳纳米管复合材料用作导电剂,并制作成品锂离子电池检测其性能.主要取得了两项实用成果:(1)获得碳纳米管复合导电剂的制备方法,而且采用简单的机械搅拌就可以将复合导电剂进行有效均匀分散,易于进行规模化应用;(2)用碳纳米管复合材料作导电剂,与目前常用的导电剂导电碳黑相比,锂离子电池循环寿命提高一倍以上.     

导电剂对LiFePO4锂浆料电池性能的影响

锂浆料电池由于其成本低、寿命长、容量和输出功率可独立设计等优点,在大规模储能领域具有广阔的应用前景.电极浆料作为锂浆料电池的重要组分,其导电性与流变性对电池电化学性能具有重要影响.本文以锂离子电池常用的磷酸铁锂为正极活性物质,探究了不同导电剂种类及添加量对正极浆料导电性和流变性的影响.通过对比不同正极浆料的悬浮稳定性、粘度以及导电性,确定出1.0 wt.%科琴黑添加量的浆料性能较为突出.基于该正极浆料的锂浆料流动电池能够稳定循环450 h.本工作将为锂浆料电池导电剂的选择提供指导.     

石墨烯包覆天然球形石墨作为锂离子电池的负极材料，是否需要乙炔黑导电剂？

我们通过包覆炭化的方法制备得到了石墨烯包覆的天然球形石墨(G/SG)材料,并使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪以及多种电化学测试手段考察了不同石墨烯含量的复合材料的形貌结构及电化学性能。我们发现,在不添加乙炔黑(AB)的情况下,G/SG复合材料表现出较高的首次库伦效率,很好的循环稳定性和高倍率性能。当石墨烯包覆量为1%时,材料50次循环后的可逆容量可与添加10%AB的天然石墨电极(SG)等同;当石墨烯包覆量为2.5%时,材料的比容量完全高于添加10%AB的石墨电极。材料电化学性能的改善归因于石墨烯的包覆。一方面,石墨烯的柔软可变性可以保证天然石墨颗粒在充放电过程中的结构完整性,从而有效改善材料的循环稳定性;另一方面,石墨烯的存在提高了电极的导电性,促进更好导电网络的形成。因此,石墨烯包覆天然球形石墨材料中,石墨烯不仅是活性物质,也发挥导电剂的作用。当添加5%的乙炔黑时,在50 mA·g^-1电流循环50次后,5%G/SG电极的可逆容量从381.1 mAh·g^-1提高到404.5 mAh·g^-1,在1 A·g^-1电流时可逆容量从82.5 mAh·g^-1提高到101.9 mAh·g^-1,这表明G/SG电极仍然需要乙炔黑导电剂。乙炔黑颗粒填充在复合材料的空隙中,通过点接触的形式连接到G/SG颗粒,与石墨烯协同作用形成了更加有效的导电网络。尽管石墨烯包覆和乙炔黑添加对天然石墨电极具有积极的影响,例如增加了天然石墨电极的导电性和储锂性能(包括可逆容量,倍率性能和循环性能),但随着石墨烯或乙炔黑的增加,电极密度通常会降低。因此,在实际应用中应考虑石墨负极材料的质量和体积容量的平衡。这些结果对天然石墨的进一步商业应用具有重要意义。我们的工作为天然石墨电极在锂电池中的电化学行为提供了一种新的认识,并且有助于制备更高性能的负极材料。     

纳米级碳导电剂的种类对licoo2电化学性能的影响

碳纳米管;锂离子电池;正极;倍率容量;导电剂     

CoO填充多壁碳纳米管作为锂离子电池负极材料

碳纳米管自1990年被日本科学家Iijima发现以来[1],由于其独特的结构组成而具有良好的强度和弹性模量、高比表面积、良好的耐腐蚀性和导电性等特点受到了广泛的关注,并已在催化剂载体、纳米电子器件、储能材料、复合功能材料等诸多领域得到应用。多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)是由多层石墨卷绕而成的同心圆筒,石墨层间距约为0.034nm,管径一般为几十纳米,管长可达数微米,因此多壁碳纳米管具有较高的长径比,可以被看作一维纳米线。由于多壁碳纳米管在管壁之间和管腔之中存在大量空间,为锂离子的嵌入提供了可能,因此近年来关于多壁碳纳米管储锂的研究…     

锂离子电池电解液低温导电性能的研究

本文研究了用于锂电池的LiPF6＿乙烯碳酸酯(EC)＿甲基乙酸酯(MA)电解液体系,测定了该体系在不同的溶剂配比和盐浓度下于20℃～-50℃时的电导率,给出该体系性能最佳的溶剂配比和盐浓度,以此进行循环伏安和充放电测试,并与商用电解液(LiPF6 EC 二乙基碳酸酯(DEC)进行了比较.     

溶液共混法制备聚苯乙烯/多壁碳纳米管复合导电材料

碳纳米管(CNTs)自从1991年被发现以来,以其特有的力学、电学和化学性能以及独特的准一维管状分子结构和在未来高科技领域中所具有的许多潜在应用价值,迅速成为化学、物理及材料科学领域的研究热点[1]。碳纳米管的C-C共价键链段结构与高分子链段结构相似,能通过配位键作用与高分     

锂离子电池负极材料铜锌锡硫纳米颗粒的制备及其电化学性能

以金属氯化物为金属源,硫脲为硫源,聚乙二醇和乙二醇为混合溶剂,采用溶剂热法一步合成了球形的铜锌锡硫纳米颗粒.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析了铜锌锡硫纳米颗粒的物相、结构、形貌;利用电池测试系统对以铜锌锡硫纳米颗粒为锂离子电池负极材料组装的锂离子电池的电化学性能进行了测试.结果表明:所得到的产物为具有锌黄锡矿结构的纯相铜锌锡硫,颗粒直径在300～500nm.铜锌锡硫纳米颗粒作为锂离子电池的负极材料具有较好的稳定性,有望在锂离子电池研究和应用中得到推广.     

高压锂离子电池电解液的研究进展

电极/电解液界面不稳定是高压锂离子电池发展的主要瓶颈.提高界面稳定性是高压锂离子电池得以应用的前提.本文综述了碳酸酯基电解液氧化分解反应机理、新型耐高压溶剂体系和新型成膜添加剂实验与理论的研究进展.     

锂离子动力电池隔膜的研究及发展现状

锂离子动力电池作为新能源汽车的动力之源受到广泛关注.本文对动力电池的重要组件之一——电池隔膜进行了介绍.围绕提高安全性和能量密度的设计目标,综述了其新材料、新技术的发展及现状.     

Carbon Nanotubes Act as Conductive Additives in the cathode of Lithium Ion Batteries

The layered compounds LiCoO2, LiNiO2 and spinel compound LiMn2O4 have served as very effective cathode active materials in lithium ion rechargeable batteries. Generally, their high conductive resistance easily results in a serious polarization and poor utilization of active materials.In order to make full use of the active materials and increase the capacity, the charge-discharge rate and the cycle life of lithium ion batteries, conductive additives are often added into the above cathode materials to form a conductive network. Carbon materials, such as carbon black, graphite powders and chemical vapor deposit carbon fibers have been widely used as conductive additives owing to their high electrical conductivity and chemical inertness. To effectively utilize the active materials, the contents of these carbon additives in the cathode often reach up to 10～20wt%. This leads to a great need for binder, for example, 10wt% or more. It follows therefore a considerable increase in volume of the lithium batteries and lower energy density because of the large amount of carbon additives and binder in the cathode.By substituting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for carbon black, graphite powders or chemical vapor deposit carbon fibers, much conductive additives and binder are saved, and the cathode with only 3～5wt% of conductive additives CNTs shows excellent rate capacity. At the discharge rate 0.5C,2.0C and 3.0C, the LiCoO2 cathode with CNTs exhibits discharge capacity up to 134mAh/g, 126 and 120mAh/g, respectively. The explanation is given as follows. Firstly, their microstructure and graphitic crystallinity are very important for electron transport. CNTs employed in the experiments comprise an array of complete graphite sheets seamlessly wrapped into cylindrical tubes which are concentrically nested like the rings of a tree trunk. Thus, the process of -electrons transport occurs in graphite sheet in super-conjugative manner when they move from one end to the other end in CNTs. Apparently, the CNTs' microstructure does good to electron transport. On the other hand,being highly graphitic (concluded from XRD patterns), CNTs also displays high electron conductivity. Secondly, being smaller in diameter, CNTs possess much larger number of primary particles in unit mass than other carbon materials. Hence, it results in a lower percolation threshold in the case of CNTs. Finally, owing to their high surface energy, CNTs fallen into nano-materials tend to aggregate and then form firm webs effectively entrapping LiCoO2 particles during the preparation of the cathode to guarantee their close contact with the active materials.Accordingly, effective electron channels are provided to lessen the polarization loss.     

Improved disordered carbon as high performance anode material for lithium ion battery

A sulfur-substituted disordered carbon is explored as anode material for lithium-ion battery. Its physical and electrochemical properties are characterized by a variety of techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction, element analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, and typical electrochemical tests. Electrochemical tests show the activated carbon displays a first cycle discharge capacity of 1,216 mAh·g⁻¹. It also has a remarkable cycling stability with an average capacity fade of 0.92% per cycle from 11th to 100th cycle in the range of 0.01–3.00 V versus metallic lithium at a current density of 100 mA·g⁻¹. After 100 cycles, the electrode still maintained a capacity of 420 mAh·g⁻¹.     

Microporous carbon aerogel prepared through ambient pressure drying route as anode material for lithium ion cells

Carbon aerogel synthesized through a cost‐effective and easy method was evaluated and found to be a promising anode material for lithium ion cells. Carbon aerogel was prepared by carbonizing resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) aerogel under inert atmosphere. Resorcinol–formaldehyde aerogel in turn was prepared through sol gel polymerization of resorcinol with formaldehyde using sodium carbonate as catalyst adopting ambient pressure drying route. The structure and the morphology of the prepared carbon aerogel are investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and surface area determined using N₂–Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The TEM images reveal microporous morphology of the carbon aerogel particles. The evaluation of carbon aerogel as an anode material revealed promising specific capacity synergized with outstanding cyclability. The first cycle specific capacity was 288 mAh/g with an efficiency of 63% at C/10 rate. The material retained a capacity of 96.9% of the initial capacity with about 100% efficiency after 100 cycles, showing the excellent cyclability of the material. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

熔融浸渍法制备锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4的研究

采用LiNO3和MnO2为原料,在650℃下制备了尖晶石型的LiMn2O4.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析和电化学性能测试,发现该化合物具有很高的放电比容量和较好的循环性能,首次放电比容量可达到122 mA·h/g.并对循环性能衰减的各种因素进行了讨论.     

锂电隔膜研究及产业技术进展

隔膜是锂离子电池的关键材料,在极片间起绝缘和提供离子通道的作用.本文以如何构建耐高温的隔膜、如何提高隔膜的离子电导率为重点,介绍了锂电隔膜研究及产业化技术进展,内容主要包括隔膜性能的影响因素、凝胶聚合物电解质膜、拉伸法制备隔膜及其改性、隔膜制造的新方法和新材料.最后展望了隔膜的发展前景.     

Effect of surface fluorination on the electrochemical behavior of petroleum cokes for lithium ion battery

Surface structure change and electrochemical behavior of fluorinated petroleum coke samples (petroleum cokes: petroleum coke and those heat-treated at 1860 °C, 2300 °C and 2800 °C, abbreviated to PC, PC1860, PC2300 and PC2800, respectively) have been investigated. Surface oxygen of petroleum coke was decreased by the fluorination using elemental fluorine. Raman and EPR spectroscopies revealed that surface fluorination increased surface disorder and lattice defects. ¹⁹F NMR spectrum suggests that distribution of fluorine atoms in PC fluorinated 300 °C was similar to that in graphite fluoride with covalent CF bonds. Surface areas of fluorinated petroleum cokes were nearly the same as those of non-fluorinated ones or only slightly increased by fluorination, except PC fluorinated at 300 °C. It is noted that first coulombic efficiencies of PC2300 and PC2800 were highly increased to 80-84% by the fluorination at 300 °C. These values of 80-84% were 12-18% higher than those of non-fluorinated PC2300 and PC2800.