Classical Elementary Particle Models Based on the Dualistic Approach

In conformity with ideas of the recent dualistic approach to gravitation of the author classical heuristic models of nucleons and electrons are constructed. The numerical values computed for the different parameters turn out to be realistic although because of their static character the models as such cannot quite represent reality.     

Exact Connections between Current Fluctuations and the Second Class Particle in a Class of Deposition Models

We consider a large class of nearest neighbor attractive stochastic interacting systems that includes the asymmetric simple exclusion, zero range, bricklayers’ and the symmetric K-exclusion processes. We provide exact formulas that connect particle flux (or surface growth) fluctuations to the two-point function of the process and to the motion of the second class particle. Such connections have only been available for simple exclusion where they were of great use in particle current fluctuation investigations. MSC: 60K35, 82C41     

Elementary Hyper-Trigonometry of the Particle Triangle

In the hyperspherical treatment of three-body rotational states we introduced earlier two special subsets of body-fixed hyperspherical harmonics. With their help elementary trigonometry-like identities are derived, interconnecting the familiar geometric angles of the triangle, the hyperspherical angles which intermix the geometric angles and the particle masses, and the so-called angles of the kinematic rotation which are purely mass-dependent. One set represents stringent constraints to be observed in any calculation using at the same time hyperspherical coordinates belonging to different fragmentations of the particles. The other one supports the conjecture of the nonexistence of simple coordinate transformation laws between hyperspherical angles belonging to different fragmentations.     

A Class of Charged Relativistic Superdense Star Models

In this article we obtain a new class of well behaved charged solutions by using particular forms of the metric potential g ₄₄ and electric intensity, which involves a parameter K. The metric describing the superdense stars joins smoothly with the Reissner-Nordstrom metric at the pressure free boundary. This class of solutions describes well behaved charged fluid balls. The class of solutions gives range of parameter K (0.13≤K≤1.9999) for which the solution is well behaved hence, suitable for modeling of super dense star. The interior of the stars possess there energy density, pressure, pressure-density ratio and velocity of sound to be monotonically decreasing towards the pressure free interface. In view of the surface density 2×10¹⁴ gm/cm³, the maximum mass of the charged fluid balls and corresponding radius are 0.4711M _Θ and 7.0122 km. The red shift at the centre and boundary are found to be 0.1640 and 0.1100 respectively.     

Role of Gravitation in Elementary Particle Structure

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - It is shown in the tetrad representation that there are Reissner–Nordström solutions describing systems with a finite action and total inertial mass equal to...     

A Class of Rumor Spreading Models with Population Dynamics

Based on the characteristics of rumor spreading in online social networks, this paper proposes a new rumor spreading model. This is an improved SIS rumor spreading model in online social networks that combines the transmission dynamics and population dynamics with consideration of the impact of both of the changing number of online social network users and different levels of user activity. We numerically simulate the rumor spreading process. The results of numerical simulation show that the improved SIS model can successfully characterize the rumor spreading behavior in online social networks. We also give the effective strategies of curbing the rumor spreading in online social networks.     

A Class of Planar Discrete Velocity Models for Gas Mixtures

We present a method for the construction of a simple class of physically acceptable planar discrete velocity models (DVMs) for binary gas mixtures. We want five conservation laws (no more, no less) with binary collisions. We first consider a collision with a particle at rest and different possibilities for the three other particles. We associate other particles and find semisymmetric qv _i models with q=7, 9, 11, 13 and 15, symmetric with respect to the two coordinate axes, but not to an exchange between the two axes. In order to avoid spurious mass conservation relations for the species without particle at rest, we find, for the two coordinate axes, that the tips of the momenta of the particles must be on two intervals parallel to one axis with opposite values on the other. There remain some physically acceptable q=9 (the smallest) and 11, 13, 15 models (adding multiple collisions for some others). Second, we construct the associated symmetric models qv _i^qv _i, which are superpositions of the qv _i model and another ^qv _i, rotated by /2. The possible previous defect of the spurious mass invariant for qv _i is transmitted to the symmetric one. We explain another defect coming from qv _i and ^qv _i having only one common particle, then spurious invariants exist for the momentum conservations along the two axes. We get four physically acceptable symmetric 17v _i (and three intermediate semisymmetric 13v _i models) and one 25v _i model superposition of two 11v _i and two 15v _i models (other acceptable symmetric 11v _i, 13v _i, and 25v _i models exist with multiple collisions).     

A Fibre-Bundle Treatment to a Class of Extended Gauge Models

We adopt the analytic approach to connections on a general vector bundle to discuss the independence of vector gauge potentiah introduced simultaneously in association with a single simple group.     

Nonlinear Spinor Field in Cosmological Models Without Singularity and Without the Beginning of Time

Russian Physics Journal - Cosmological model describing the Universe without the singularity and without the Beginning, that is, the eternal Universe evolving from the infinite past, is proposed....     

Effects of Explosive Particle Microstructure Parameters on NQR Parameters in RDX

The effects of the particle size, density and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) content on 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) line have been studied at 5, 10, 15 and 20?°C. The RDX line at 3.41?MHz has been measured in 17 different quality lots. The RDX line was not modified in this temperature range but was strongly altered in some lots. No significant correlation was found between line characteristics and particle sizes or particle bulk densities. Correlation coefficients were computed between the HMX content measured using high-performance liquid chromatography and the NQR line intensity and NQR line width. Significant correlations were found. They were based on the study of 11 RDX lots which exhibited 4 different HMX contents from 0 to about 9 percent in weight. Further studies are needed to precise the HMX effect in relation with the HMX location. HMX can be located inside or outside the RDX crystal. Further studies are also needed to determine the line broadening mechanism.     

Estimating Distributions of Parameters in Nonlinear State Space Models with Replica Exchange Particle Marginal Metropolis–Hastings Method

Extracting latent nonlinear dynamics from observed time-series data is important for understanding a dynamic system against the background of the observed data. A state space model is a probabilistic graphical model for time-series data, which describes the probabilistic dependence between latent variables at subsequent times and between latent variables and observations. Since, in many situations, the values of the parameters in the state space model are unknown, estimating the parameters from observations is an important task. The particle marginal Metropolis–Hastings (PMMH) method is a method for estimating the marginal posterior distribution of parameters obtained by marginalization over the distribution of latent variables in the state space model. Although, in principle, we can estimate the marginal posterior distribution of parameters by iterating this method infinitely, the estimated result depends on the initial values for a finite number of times in practice. In this paper, we propose a replica exchange particle marginal Metropolis–Hastings (REPMMH) method as a method to improve this problem by combining the PMMH method with the replica exchange method. By using the proposed method, we simultaneously realize a global search at a high temperature and a local fine search at a low temperature. We evaluate the proposed method using simulated data obtained from the Izhikevich neuron model and Lévy-driven stochastic volatility model, and we show that the proposed REPMMH method improves the problem of the initial value dependence in the PMMH method, and realizes efficient sampling of parameters in the state space models compared with existing methods.     

Teleportation of an Unknown Atomic Entangled State Without Any Joint Bell-state Measurement via a Cluster State

An experimentally feasible scheme for teleportation of an unknown two-atom entangled state is proposed. Our scheme uses a duster state as the quantum channel, where we do not need any joint Bell-state measurement. Moreover the successful probability and fidelity of teleportation can both reach 1.0. The current scheme can be realized within the current experimental technology.     

A New Class of Bianchi Type-I Cosmological Models in Lyra Geometry

This paper deals with Bianchi type-V cosmological models of the universe filled with a bulk viscous cosmic fluid in the framework of general relativity. A new class of exact solutions has been obtained by considering various well established power law relations among scale factor, cosmological and gravitational constants and cosmic time. Some physical and geometrical behaviors of the models have also been discussed. It has been found that all the models are in fair agreement of observational results.     

Numerical Solutions of a Class of Nonlinear Evolution Equations with Nonlinear Term of Any Order

In this paper, the Adomian decomposition method is developed for the numerical solutions of a class of nonlinear evolution equations with nonlinear term of any order, utt＋auxx ＋ bu ＋ cu^p＋ du^2p-1=0, which contains some important famous equations. When setting the initial conditions in different forms, some new generalized numerical solutions： numerical hyperbolic solutions, numerical doubly periodic solutions are obtained. The numerical solutions are compared with exact solutions. The scheme is tested by choosing different values of p, positive and negative, integer and fraction, to illustrate the efficiency of the ADM method and the generalization of the solutions.     

Einstein Relation for a Class of Interface Models

 A class of SOS interface models which can be seen as simplified stochastic Ising model interfaces is studied. In the absence of an external field the long-time fluctuations of the interface are shown to behave as Brownian motion with diffusion coefficient given by a Green-Kubo formula. When a small external field h is applied, it is shown that the shape of the interface converges exponentially fast to a stationary distribution and the interface moves with an asymptotic velocity v(h). The mobility is shown to exist and to satisfy the Einstein relation: , where β is the inverse temperature. Received: 16 April 2002 / Accepted: 3 July 2002 Published online: 22 November 2002 RID="*" ID="*" Work partially supported by the N.S.F. through grants DMS-0071766 and DMS-0074152.     

Isotopic Liftings of Clifford Algebras and Applications in Elementary Particle Mass Matrices

Isotopic liftings of algebraic structures are investigated in the context of Clifford algebras, where it is defined a new product involving an arbitrary, but fixed, element of the Clifford algebra. This element acts as the unit with respect to the introduced product, and is called isounit. We construct isotopies in both associative and non-associative arbitrary algebras, and examples of these constructions are exhibited using Clifford algebras, which although associative, can generate the octonionic, non-associative, algebra. The whole formalism is developed in a Clifford algebraic arena, giving also the necessary pre-requisites to introduce isotopies of the exterior algebra. The flavor hadronic symmetry of the six u,d,s,c,b,t quarks is shown to be exact, when the generators of the isotopic Lie algebra are constructed, and the unit of the isotopic Clifford algebra is shown to be a function of the six quark masses. The limits constraining the parameters, that are entries of the representation of the isounit in the isotopic group SU(6), are based on the most recent limits imposed on quark masses.     

Uniqueness for a Class of Spatially Homogeneous Boltzmann Equations Without Angular Cutoff

We consider the 3-dimensional spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation, which describes the evolution in time of the velocity distribution in a gas, where particles are assumed to undergo binary elastic collisions. We consider a cross section bounded in the relative velocity variable, without angular cutoff, but with a moderate angular singularity. We show that there exists at most one weak solution with finite mass and momentum. We use a Wasserstein distance. Although our result is far from applying to physical cross sections, it seems to be the first one which deals with cross sections without cutoff for non Maxwellian molecules. MSC 2000 : 82C40.     

Absence of Singular Continuous Diffraction for Discrete Multi-Component Particle Models

Particle models with finitely many types of particles are considered, both on ℤ ^d and on discrete point sets of finite local complexity. Such sets include many standard examples of aperiodic order such as model sets or certain substitution systems. The particle gas is defined by an interaction potential and a corresponding Gibbs measure. Under some reasonable conditions on the underlying point set and the potential, we show that the corresponding diffraction measure almost surely exists and consists of a pure point part and an absolutely continuous part with continuous density. In particular, no singular continuous part is present.     

基于数值模型的涡流发生器参数设计

涡流发生器(VG)是一种优秀的抑制流动分离的气动附件,安装VG造成的计算域复杂的拓扑结构及巨大的网格数限制了数值模拟方法在VG参数设计时的应用。针对某大型风力机叶片运行过程中需要进行流动控制的实际情况,利用三角形VG的二维统计模型及三维数值模型设计VG的高度、安装位置等参数。首先采用数值模型进行参数初步选择设计,最后利用实体建模的方式进行验证。计算结果表明,通过调整VG的高度及安装位置,实现了翼型最大升力系数的有限增加(约11%),同时小迎角阻力基本不发生变化,较大攻角阻力明显减小的目的。     

Determination of Particle Size Distribution Parameters using a Laser-Scattered Light Spectrometer

A method based on the measurement of scattered light intensity distributions is demonstrated to be able to determine directly the particle size of monodisperse supermicron-size particles. In all other cases of a particle cloud, information about the size distribution can be acquired from comparison of measured and calculated intensities as a function of scattering angle. This indirect method is only applicable if the assumptions made in the theory used for comparison are fulfilled. Therefore, the method is limited to spherical particles with known refractive index. The type of size distribution also has to be known. In the cases considered a log-normal size distribution was assumed. The uncertainty of the result increases with increase in the number of parameters that have to be determined. The method seems to be limited to unimodal distributions described with two parameters.