高效液相色谱-串联质谱法结合多糖衍生物手性固定相拆分氰戊菊酯

建立了以多糖衍生物为手性固定相的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)直接拆分氰戊菊酯对映体的方法。在反相液相色谱条件下,考察了手性固定相的种类、流动相组成、柱温、流速对氰戊菊酯4个立体异构体分离的影响。同时,利用热力学方法对氰戊菊酯的立体异构体与固定相之间的色谱保留和分离的热力学机理进行了探讨。结果表明:采用Lux Cellulose-3(纤维素-三(4-甲基苯甲酸酯))手性色谱柱,在以流动相为乙腈-水(5 mmol/L甲酸铵)=(55:45,V:V)流速0.4 mL/min,柱温30℃的条件下,可在14 mins内实现氰戊菊酯4个立体异构体的基线分离。拓展了HPLC-MS/MS在菊酯类手性农药对映体分离及检测上的应用。     

直链淀粉手性固定相拆分富马酸比索洛尔对映体

建立并优化了高效液相色谱手性固定相分离富马酸比索洛尔对映体的方法。使用直链淀粉手性固定相(Chiralpak AD-H柱)在正相条件下拆分了富马酸比索洛尔对映体,考察了达到最佳分离效果时,流动相中极性调节剂的组分、流动相中三乙胺的体积分数以及柱温对富马酸比索洛尔对映体拆分影响。流动相为正己烷/乙醇/三乙胺(90/10/0.1,V/V/V),流速1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长270 nm,柱温30℃时,两种异构体能达到较好的基线分离,并且不对称合成的(S)-富马酸比索洛尔和(R)-富马酸比索洛尔两种异构体产品,对映体过量(e.e.)均高于99.0%,在此色谱条件下的色谱图峰形良好。方法可广泛用于跟踪手性比索洛尔富马酸盐的合成过程分析和质量控制。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定丙酸发酵液中的有机酸

对于生物法制备丙酸的微生物发酵体系,利用Waters Atlantis dC18反相色谱柱,以0.01mol/L KH2PO4缓冲液(pH2.8)-乙腈(95∶5,V/V)作流动相,在流速为1.0mL/min,柱温为25℃时,于紫外波长215nm处检测,9min内发酵液中的草酸、甲酸、乙酸、乳酸、琥珀酸和丙酸能得到良好分离。6种有机酸线性相关系数均在0.9992~1.0000之间;方法的回收率为99%~102%;RSD为0.56~1.66。本方法能够简便、快速测定丙酸发酵体系中主产物丙酸与其它有机酸含量,适于指导整个发酵过程条件的优化及发酵产物的监控。     

键合型手性固定相拆分麻醉药JM-1232

使用Chiralpak IA色谱柱,实现了麻醉药JM-1232的对映体分离,并进一步考优化了流动相组成、柱温和流速等条件.得到最优色谱条件:流动相为正己烷:异丙醇= 65:35(V/V)、柱温301、流速1.0 mL/min,分离度达2.31.该方法显示出JM-1232对映体的足够分离度.     

直接进样-液相色谱/串联质谱法测定水中苦味酸

采用液相色谱/串联质谱法测定了水中的苦味酸,对流动相、流速、柱温及进样量等条件进行了优化。结果表明,流动相为甲醇和0.1%甲酸溶液(80∶20,V/V),流速1.0 mL/min,色谱柱柱温40℃,进样量5μL,苦味酸含量在1.0~50μg/L时,校准曲线呈线性关系,相关系数r=0.9999,方法检出限为0.10μg/L。对实际水样进行分析,测量的回收率为76.2%~109%,样品加标平行测定,RSD(n=6)为2.8%~4.7%。     

离子液体作高效液相色谱流动相添加剂分离测定芳香胺

建立了以离子液体作反相高效液相色谱流动相添加剂分离测定邻苯二胺、苯胺和对甲苯胺3种芳香胺的方法。实验以C18反相色谱柱为分离柱,采用紫外检测方法,考察了检测波长、甲醇含量、咪唑离子液体烷基链长度、离子液体溶液浓度等条件对分离和测定的影响,并与其它分离测定芳香胺的方法进行了比较。优化的色谱条件为:以甲醇/1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐水溶液(3.0mmol/L,乙酸调节pH 3.5)=30/70(V/V)为流动相;检测波长254 nm;流速1.0mL/min;柱温30℃。在此条件下,3种芳香胺达到基线分离,在6.5 min之内分离完全;在1～40 mg/L范围内,线性回归方程的相关系数达到0.99以上;检出限为0.07～0.41 mg/L。将本方法应用于废水的测定,加标回收率在92.3%～96.7%之间,相对标准偏差小于3.5%。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定反应液中的巯基乙酸和巯基乙酸异辛酯

建立了同时测定反应液中的巯基乙酸(TGA)和巯基乙酸异辛酯(TGB)的高效液相色谱分析方法.实验采用Shimpack C18色谱柱,紫外检测器,检测波长210 nm,以V(乙腈)∶V(水)=70∶30作为流动相(用H3PO4调节流动相pH为3),流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30 ℃.结果表明,TGA和TGB在上述色谱条件下可实现较好分离,测定结果的最大相对标准偏差分别为0.53%和0.46%,检出限分别为2.03×10-3 g/L和6.11×10-3 g/L,加标回收率分别在99.0%～100.8%和99.1%～100.7%.     

酰胺类手性液相色谱柱对烯唑醇光学异构体的直接拆分

以正己烷-12-二氯乙烷为流动相,添加乙腈为改性剂,在酰胺类手性液相色谱柱上实现了对烯唑醇光学异构体的直接拆分.探讨了色谱柱、温度和乙腈的含量对拆分效果的影响,优化了色谱条件.实验结果显示:单独使用KR100-5CHI-DMB色谱柱时,烯唑醇中的光学异构体仅稍微分离;而单独使用Chirex 3001时,烯唑醇中的光学异构体则不分离;当KR100-5CHI-DMB与Chirex 3001串联使用时,烯唑醇中光学异构体能够得到很好的分离;在流动相中加入少量的乙腈作为极性添加剂,有助于改善异构体的分离度.当流动相为正己烷-12-二氯乙烷-乙腈(体积比8 ∶ 1 ∶ 1),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长254 nm,柱温10 ℃时,烯唑醇中光学异构体得到很好的分离,分离度(R)为3.26.结果表明,酰胺类手性液相色谱柱能有效分离烯唑醇的光学异构体,方法简便、快速.     

盐酸托莫西汀中S-异构体杂质含量的柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定

以2,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖异硫氰酸酯(GITC)为柱前手性衍生化试剂,建立了柱前衍生化反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法测定盐酸托莫西汀中S-异构体杂质的方法。考察了碱化与衍生化试剂的浓度及反应时间对衍生化产率的影响,以及流动相组成对柱效、分离度、保留时间的影响,并讨论了结构因素对手性衍生和分离的影响。采用Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-四氢呋喃-水(体积比为41∶14∶45)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长254 nm,柱温35℃。在优化实验条件下,盐酸托莫西汀与S-异构体的分离度R1.5;S-异构体的检出限为0.15 mg/L,在0.5~8 mg/L范围内线性良好;精密度RSD为1.8%;按标准加入法计算,加标回收率为92%~99%;按外标法计算,加标回收率为94%~102%。该方法简便、可靠,可作为盐酸托莫西汀原料药中S-异构体杂质限量的质控方法。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定烟草中的两种多羟基吡嗪异构体

用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法建立了测定烟草中两种多羟基吡嗪异构体的方法.烟草中的2-(1′,2′,3′,4′-四羟基丁基)-5-(2″,3″,4″-三羟基丁基)-吡嗪(2,5-DOF)和2-(1′,2′,3′,4′-四羟基丁基)-6-(2″,3″,4″-三羟基丁基)-吡嗪(2,6-DOF)用甲醇索氏萃取2h后,提取液用Waters Sep-Park-C18固相萃取小柱预分离,选择Waters carbohydrate analysis(3.9 mm×300 mm)色谱柱(NH2柱),V(乙腈)∶V(水)=80∶20为流动相,流速:1.0 mL/min,烟草中的2,5-DOF及2,6-DOF达到基线分离.两种异构体的标准曲线的线性回归系数均大于0.9996,线性范围为0.5～100 μg/mL;标准回收率分别为98%和104%;相对标准偏差均小于3%;检出限为0.2 μg/mL.用该方法测定了不同卷烟中的2,6-DOF和2,5-DOF两种异构体.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays

Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.