稀土硫化物的合成及应用研究进展

稀土硫化物作为环保颜料和热电材料被广泛研究和应用,已成为材料科学领域的研究热点之一。目前主要可通过直接合成法、微波法、还原法这三种方法来合成稀土硫化物。总结了稀土硫化物制备方法的研究进展,讨论了其优缺点。同时讨论了一些稀土硫化物的热电性质和作为颜料的应用。结合本课题组在稀土硫化物方面的研究工作,对稀土硫化物的制备方法和应用的发展方向进行了展望。     

稀土硫化物的制备与应用

稀土硫化物是一类新型功能材料,具有复杂的晶体结构和独特的光、电、磁性能,可作为无毒环保颜料、新能源材料以及光催化材料等.此外,稀土硫化物在热电材料、磁性材料等领域有着广阔的应用前景,成为近些年的研究热点.本文介绍了近年来稀土硫化物在制备方法、晶体结构调控、复合结构构筑等方面的研究进展,并结合本课题组在该领域的工作,重点关注了稀土硫化物在无机颜料、新能源和光催化等应用领域的突破,探讨了稀土硫化物结构和性能的构效关系以及性能增强改性的策略,并对稀土硫化物的研究中存在的问题进行了概述,对其未来发展进行了展望.     

柔性热电材料的研究进展及应用

热电材料是能够实现热能和电能直接相互转化的一类新型能源材料,在温差发电和半导体制冷两方面有重要应用。与传统热电材料相比,柔性热电材料具有形状可弯曲、重量轻和环境友好等优点,在可穿戴设备及其他柔性电子领域具有较好的应用前景。当前,如何进一步提高柔性热电材料的性能,特别是如何协同优化其柔韧性能与热电性能是研究的关键。本文结合近年的研究热点,综述了聚合物基柔性热电材料、碳基柔性热电材料和无机半导体类柔性热电材料的研究进展,详细介绍了这三类柔性热电材料的特点、性能优化以及制备方法,总结了柔性热电材料在电子、医疗和工业等领域的应用,并结合现存的一些问题和不足对柔性热电材料今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

合成稀土复合硫化物的新方法

稀土复合硫化物的电、磁和光学性质表明,它们是较好的发光、非线性光学及热电等半导体材料,用它们可以制备高效薄膜太阳能电池、发光二极管等器件。为了不断制备具有预期性能的各种组成新的稀土复合硫化物,必须研究合成这些化合物的简便有效方法。通     

石墨烯在复合热电材料中的应用

热电材料是一种可以实现热能与电能之间直接相互转换的功能材料,在温差发电和热电制冷方面具有广阔的应用空间。石墨烯是一种单原子层厚度的二维碳材料,具有特殊的晶体结构和优异的物理化学性质。大量研究表明石墨烯优异的电学性能、超大的比表面积以及多样的边界结构有利于材料电、热性能的协同调控,使其在热电领域有较大的应用潜力。本文结合热电材料的性能特点,从石墨烯的结构与性能入手,综述了石墨烯自身作为热电材料时结构与性能的优化关系,并总结归纳了石墨烯与Bi₂Te₃、CoSb₃等传统无机热电材料以及与导电高分子热电材料构成纳米复合块体和薄膜时,对材料结构与热电性能的影响,并结合现存的问题对石墨烯在热电领域中的应用进行了展望。     

导电高分子及其纳米复合材料的热电性质

与无机热电材料相比, 有机热电材料具有资源丰富、 成本低、 质量轻、 柔韧性好及热导率低等优点, 成为热电研究领域关注的热点. 理论和实验结果表明, 低维化和小尺度化是热电材料研究和开发的发展方向. 本文对低维有机热电材料的合成、 器件组装及热电性质的影响因素等进行简要评述, 并对低维有机热电材料的研究方向进行了讨论.     

功能化碳纳米管的电磁性能研究及进展

碳纳米管是最近发展起来的一种结构独特,性能优异的新材料,已成为当今物理、化学、材料等领域共同关注的课题.而碳纳米管的功能化更是为我们开辟了一个广阔的研究领域.本文总结了近十多年来功能化碳纳米管的研究进展,并侧重对功能化碳管的合成方法及电磁特性以及应用进行了评述.     

酞菁类光电材料研究新进展

酞菁类化合物具有优异的光电响应性能,是光电材料领域最活跃的研究方向之一.评述了酞菁类化合物近几年在不同领域的研究进展,分析总结了酞菁和取代基酞菁的分子结构、晶体形态对光伏材料、薄膜半导体材料、液晶材料、光导材料和电致发光材料等应用性能的影响以及目前存在的问题,最后对酞菁类光电材料的研究和发展前景进行了展望.     

Cu_2Se基“声子液体”类热电材料

热电材料是一类能够实现热能和电能之间直接相互转化的半导体功能材料,在热电制冷和温差发电等领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前,转换效率低是制约热电材料应用的主要原因,因此,如何提高和优化影响转换效率的热电优值是当前研究的主要问题。Cu_2Se基"声子液体"类热电材料是一种利用特殊晶体结构获得极低热导率的新型高性能热电材料,Cu_2Se在高温时会发生结构性相变,Cu原子变成可自由迁移的类液态Cu离子,通过强烈散射声子来降低材料的晶格热导率,对Cu_2Se的研究大大推动了热电领域的发展。本文围绕"声子液体"类热电材料,分析概括了Cu_2Se的性质、晶体结构与应用领域,重点阐述了国内外有关Cu_2Se基"声子液体"类热电材料的研究成果、制备方法以及性能优化手段,结合目前的研究状况分析并展望了今后"声子液体"类热电材料的发展方向以及提高性能的策略。     

基于热电材料的新型传感器研究进展

传感器作为现代智能工业的核心部件之一,凭借其优良的性能,越来越受到关注.本文总结了热电材料在传感器应用方面的研究成果,特别是硅基、碳基、铅基、碲基、贵金属类、有机类以及催化类的热电材料对传感器高灵敏度、高响应值、高稳定性等方面的影响.已有研究表明,通过在微米纳米尺度合成及加工所形成的低维微纳结构的热电材料,能够获得高ZT值和更高的热电性能.这一特性与传感器微型化方向发展一致.低维微纳结构的热电材料未来必将能够拓展传感器的特性和适用领域,促进传感器朝着高精尖模式的发展.     

Lanthanide‐Based Luminescent Materials for Waveguide and Lasing

Microlasers and waveguides have wide applications in the fields of photonics and optoelectronics. Lanthanide‐doped luminescent materials featuring large Stokes/anti‐Stokes shift, long excited‐state lifetime as well as sharp emission bandwidth are excellent optical components for photonic applications. In the past few years, great progress has been made in the design and fabrication of lanthanide‐based waveguides and lasers at the micrometer length scale. Waveguide structures and microcavities can be fabricated from lanthanide‐doped amorphous materials through top‐down process. Alternatively, lanthanide‐doped organic compounds featuring large absorption cross‐section can self‐assemble into low‐dimensional structures of well‐defined size and morphology. In recent years, lanthanide‐doped crystalline structures displaying highly tunable excitation and emission properties have emerged as promising waveguide and lasing materials, which substantially extends the range of lasing wavelength. In this minireview, we discuss recent advances in lanthanide‐based luminescent materials that are designed for waveguide and lasing applications. We also attempt to highlight challenging problems of these materials that obstacle further development of this field.     

稀土/L型沸石主-客体发光功能材料的研究进展

沸石微孔晶体材料作为客体功能物种的主体材料在主-客体组装化学中发挥着越来越重要的作用,在微型激光器、非线性光学、生物成像、光放大及光显示等高技术领域已显示出广阔、诱人的发展前景.本文介绍国内外,特别是河北工业大学在稀土/L型沸石主-客体杂化功能材料的组装、结构及其发光性能的研究工作,具体包括：稀土有机配合物在L沸石孔道内的组装、L型沸石-有机高分子透明杂化发光材料的制备及稀土有机配合物诱导控制的L型沸石自组装等.此外,本文对稀土/L型沸石主-客体杂化发光功能材料的研究进行了展望.     

The Aryl Sulfide Synthesis via Sulfide Transfer

Aryl sulfides are in great demands in drugs and materials sciences. To avoid using nucleophilic and noxious thiols, many efforts have been focused on exploring novel sulfide resources. Herein, a reductive Pd-catalyzed, Ni-mediated method to synthesize aryl sulfides via a sulfide transfer reaction is developed. The utility and scope of this reaction is exemplified by various aryl electrophiles and aryl sulfides. Mechanistic studies reveal two competing catalytic cycles of sulfide transfer and aryl transfer in this reaction, where the former one is favored over the later one because of the large energy barrier difference during the transmetalation. Moreover, two important chemicals are late-stage functionalized by this method, exhibiting the potential applications in drugs and materials science.     

Magnetic molecular materials with paramagnetic lanthanide ions

The diverse magnetic properties of lanthanide-based magnetic molecular materials are introduced in the following organization. First, the general aspects of magnetic molecular materials and electronic states of lanthanide ions are introduced. Then the structures and magnetic properties are described and analyzed for molecules with one lanthanide ion, 4f-4f, 4f-3d and 4f-p magnetic coupling interactions. In each section, magnetic coupling, magnetic ordering and magnetic relaxation phenomenon are briefly reviewed using some examples. Finally, some possibilities of developing magnetic molecular materials containing lanthanide ions are discussed in the outlook part.     

近红外稀土荧光在功能材料领域的研究进展

稀土近红外荧光材料具有特征发射峰尖锐、光稳定性好和毒性低等特点。近年来,稀土近红外荧光材料在光纤通讯、激光系统、生物分析传感器及生物成像等方面的应用价值日渐突显,引起了研究者们的极大关注。特别是稀土近红外荧光材料已发展成一种新兴的荧光标记材料,并有希望替代有机染料和量子点应用于生物分析和医学成像。基于稀土近红外发光的荧光探针具有低自荧光背景、宽斯托克斯位移、强抑制光漂白、深层穿透组织和短暂分辨的优势,有潜力成为高灵敏度、高选择性的检测手段。利用稀土离子制备的各种荧光材料,如上转换纳米晶、介孔材料、脂基胶体、离子液体、离子胶体、金属有机框架等,由于荧光敏化机理不同,其近红外荧光性能也各有千秋。然而,稀土近红外荧光的真正挑战仍是提高近红外发光的量子效率。本文结合近红外荧光领域的最新进展,综述了不同的稀土近红外荧光设计思路,介绍了各种近红外稀土荧光功能材料,阐述了稀土离子在近红外荧光功能材料中的优势,并展望了稀土近红外荧光材料的发展前景。     

稀土离子特性与稀土功能材料研究进展

稀土元素是一个包含了由钪、钇与镧系共17种元素的系列统称,它们既具有本质上的物理化学相似性,也具有各自独特和多样的电子结构。 从化学水平上讲,稀土离子的特性决定了稀土永磁、磁致冷、超导、热释电、光学制冷、非线性光学、催化等高新技术应用的本质;从材料水平上讲,稀土功能材料是实现这些技术应用的基础。 从科技发展要求来讲,稀土功能材料的研发是实现稀土资源高质量发展的最重要途径。 本文从稀土离子特性出发,利用轨道杂化模型构建稀土离子与稀土功能材料之间的基本关系,总结了近年来不同应用领域中稀土离子在稀土功能材料的组成设计与性能优化方面的研究进展。     

Environment effects on the CO vibrational shifts in erbium complexes: a quantum chemical study

The stability of lanthanide complexes and the efficiency of the energy transfer process, which makes these molecules interesting materials for technological applications, are correlated to the chemical environment surrounding the metal ion. In particular the efficiency depends on the relative position of the antenna (the ligand moiety that acts as photon absorption center) and the lanthanide ion (the emitting center), while the stability of the complex is correlated to the strength of the coordination between the rare earth and the ligands. For these reasons, knowledge of the structural properties of the complex is an interesting task to achieve. Since a large number of ligand structures hold the carboxylate group (COO(-)), which is used as an anchor for binding the antennae to the lanthanide ion, in this work we will show how the vibrational shifts of this group, induced by the interactions between the carboxylate moiety and the metal center of the lanthanide complex, can be used for obtaining in a simple way information on the structure of the chemical environment surrounding the lanthanide ion.     

Challenges and prospects of metal sulfide materials for supercapacitors

Worldwide, the research on advanced materials for energy storage devices has drawn greater attention. Numerous works on different energy storage materials has been reported and still continuing. Among the energy storage devices, electrochemical supercapacitors (ESs) are one of the most investigated topics. The globalization and increasing demand of smart and flexible devices has forced the current research to develop low-cost, high-energy density and stable ESs. In this regard, metal sulfides (MSs)–based materials have been envisioned for ESs applications owing to their unique and promising properties. Recently, several research articles have been published on MSs-based electrodes for ESs with enhanced performances. This review presents a brief survey on such recent developments towards synthesis of MSs and their use as an efficient electrode material in ESs. The challenges and future aspect involved with MSs to develop and establish it as a promising energy storage material are also discussed.     

Coordination compounds of lanthanides with 1,1-dithiolate ligands

Data on the syntheses and studies of the structures and properties of different types of coordination compounds of lanthanides with 1,1-dithiolate ligands (tris(chelates), complex salts, and heteroligand compounds) are considered. The results on the application of these compounds as precursors for the syntheses of lanthanide sulfides and the data on the photoluminescence, magnetic, and some other properties of a series of the complexes are presented.