高山红景天中无机元素含量分析

采用原子荧光、火焰光度、ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定了高山红景天中２８种无机元素，其含量各异，且因部位、年度、产地不同而异；所测元素加和量：须根〈根和根茎〈茎〈果皮〈种子〈叶，叶是富含部位；加和量均值，植株地上比地下部分高５７．６％，其中１０种人体必需微量元素含量和均值则高３．２倍；有害微量元素含量低于致毒量；长白山区高山红景天资源丰富，值得开发利用。     

高良姜根茎叶及其种植土壤中无机元素含量的研究

用等离子体原子发射光谱法对高良姜根、茎、叶及其种植土壤中无机元素的含量进行了测定，大多数元素的含量分布是：根〈茎〈叶。除Ａｌ、Ｓｂ、Ｃｏ、Ｚｎ、Ｐ等元素外，其它元素的含量与土壤中该元素含量的高低相一致。     

水飞蓟全草不同部位的组成特征

为了考察水飞蓟全草不同部位的组成特征,采用不同的提取溶剂对水飞蓟的幼草、根、茎、叶、花、种子等不同部位提取后,通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)进行分析。以Hypersil ODS2色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)为分离柱,以50 mmoL/L磷酸二氢钾溶液和甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为254 nm。在此条件下,水飞蓟不同部位的样品得到了很好的分离,发现不同部位组成差别很大,得到的组分数从幼草、种子、花、叶、根、茎依次减少。水飞蓟不同部位所含的组分极性有很大差别,不同提取方法得到的样品组成也有较大差别。实验结果可为水飞蓟全草的指纹图谱构建及应用开发提供实验依据。     

基于顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法系统分析香紫苏中的香气成分

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)系统分析了开花期和收获期种植在不同地块(中间地块、南面地块和北面地块)的香紫苏不同部位(根、花、茎、叶)中香气成分的变化.将新鲜的香紫苏全株样品自然晾干,将根、花、茎、叶分离后,各自粉碎后过筛,置于顶空瓶中进行HS-SPME处理,得到的目标物用DB-5M...     

香花顶空挥发物的分析

一、香料分析简况芳香植物是植物王国中的重要一类。芳香植物的花、叶、根、茎、果实或种子等可用来提取香料。工业上,植物香料的主要产品形式有精油、净油和浸膏。     

中子活化法研究稀土矿区植物体中稀土元素的分布特征

用仪器中子活化法测定了我国江西赣南某离子吸附型稀土矿区生长的１７种不同植物中８个稀土元素的含 研究了稀土元素在植物体内的分布特征。结果表明，称土矿区植物体内的稀土元素含量较高，其中铁芒萁叶中部属然土含一可达３０００μｇ／ｇ以上，比其它植物叶高２－３个数量级。植物体各部位的稀土含量分布一般为根〉叶〉茎。经球粒陨石归一化后，稀土元素分布模式均与其母土基本相似。然而，在植物从土壤吸收及输送的吕，稀土元素     

溴酚蓝离子对萃取分光光度法测定长春花中总生物碱

以文多灵为对照品,溴酚蓝为显色剂,在pH3．0缓冲溶液条件下于30℃显色5min,用三氯甲烷萃取,于413nm波长处采用离子对萃取分光光度法测定长春花中总生物碱的含量。结果表明：文多灵在0．04～0．28g·L^-1浓度范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,回归方程为y=0．1824X－0．03,相关系数为0．9993,文多灵的平均回收率为99．49％,总生物碱样品在10～50min内测定稳定。经测定长春花的根、茎、叶、花、种子等不同部位中总生物碱含量分别为2．230％,0．411％,1．098％,0．503％和0．013％。     

元宝草不同药用部位中芒果苷和总黄酮的含量测定

1引言 元宝草（Hypericum sampsonii Hance．）系金丝桃科（Hypeficaceae）金丝桃属（Hypericum）多年生草本植物。近年来的研究表明元宝草也具有抗忧郁作用,其所含的黄酮成分是主要的活性成分。本实验分别测定了元宝草生药全草、根、茎、叶、花、果实等部位中芒果苷和总黄酮的含量。实验结果为资源开发和品质评价提供科学依据。     

藏红T-亚硝酸根偶联反应及其应用于光度测定亚硝酸根

１引言利用亚硝酸根与碱性染料的作用测定亚硝酸根的方法已有不少报道。作者利用亚硝酸根在稀盐酸介质中与藏红Ｔ发生重氮化偶联反应，反应的摩尔比为２：１，测量５２０ｎｍ处吸光度的降低（△Ａ＝Ａ０－Ａ），可获得比文献高３倍以上的灵敏度，所拟定的测定方法具有稳定性高、重现性好、操作简便、干扰少等优点。用于环境水样和土壤中亚硝酸根的测定．结果与标准法相一致。２实验部分２．１仪器及主要试剂ＤＭＳ－２００ＵＶ／Ｖｉｓ分光光度计（美国Ｖａｒｉａｎ）；７２１型分光光度计（上海第三分析仪器厂）。ＮＯ－２标准溶液：用Ａ·…     

超积累植物富集机制研究方法进展

按照重金属由土壤到根经茎,最后转移至叶细胞的运输流程,概述了超积累植物对重金属离子的富集机制,详细描述了各步骤中重金属离子含量和形态分析方法,重点分析了微质子激发X荧光、扩展X-射线吸收精细结构(extended X-ray absorption fine structure,EXAFS)、X-射线吸收近边缘结构等分析手段在植物不同部位重金属离子含量和形态分析中的应用。     

火焰原子吸收法测定九管血不同部位的微量元素

为测定九管血的不同部位Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn的含量,样品用V（HNO3）＋V（HClO4）=4＋l进行消化处理,然后在实验选定的最佳工作条件下,用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）对九管血不同部位的Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn微量元素进行测定。结果表明,九管血根、茎、叶、籽中微量元素含量丰富,其中Fe含量最高,Cu含量最低,为九管血药效的进一步研究和资源综合开发利用提供一定的科学依据。     

A Study of Nutrient Recycling in a Plant - Soil System Using NAA

To understand how nutrients are recycled in a particular soil - plant system, we have analyzed the kinetics of the elements Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, and Br throughout the life cycle of the plant. The plant sample was collected at 6 different stages of its growth. The effect of V (100 µM) on the element recycling system was also analyzed. The amount of the elements in each tissue of the plant, root, stem, petiole, leaf, and seed, were then determined by neutron activation analysis. The total elemental uptake rapidly increased when the plant developed from the juvenile to the adult phase. More than half of the Mg and Mn in cotyledon was transported to the younger leaves before the cotyledon was shed. From the pattern of movement of each element in plant tissue we have constructed an element recycling model in the soil-plant system. Based on the model, it was found that the amount of K to be a limiting factor for the recycling activity in the system.     

Distribution of trace and minor elements in hungarian spice paprika plants

Detailed investigations were carried out to study the distribution of trace and minor elements in different parts (fruit, seed and rib, peduncle, stem, leaf, root) of ripe Hungarian spice paprika plants. Two varieties of paprika plants were analyzed for their Cl, Co, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sc, V and Zn content by non-destructive neutron activation analysis. The results showed that the iron contents of the samples were much higher than those of the other trace elements. For the trace elements Co, Fe, Mn, Sc, V and Zn a considerable enrichment was observed in the leaf, while the Rb and K, Na, Mg showed accumulation mainly in the peduncle. In the other parts (fruit, seed and rib, stem) of the paprika plants no significant enrichment of trace elements was found. Since some of the elements investigated may have been partially eluted during the cleaning of the roots with distilled water and, on the other hand, if the cleaning was not intensive enough, some soil particles could be retained on the samples, the data obtained for the roots should be considered with precaution.     

Dietary burden of phenolics per serving of "Mountain tea" (Sideritis) from Macedonia and correlation to antioxidant activity

This work was afforded from 2 points of view, phytochemical evaluation and relation to antioxidant activity and dietary burden of phenolics of a cup of "Mountain tea", a drink obtained by domestic infusion of Sideritis. Phytochemically, two extraction protocols using water and methanol as solvent were used for comparison. Methanol and boiling water extracts (by domestic infusion procedure) showed that extracts were rich in bound forms of phenolics such as hydroxycinnamic acids, phenylethanoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides. The total phenolic content for Sideritis species ranged around 190 mg per serving (2 g infusion bag) for methanol extracts and around 72 mg per serving in water extracts. Among the two different Macedonian Sideritis species, Sideritis raeseri (wild growing) showed the highest phenolics content in both extracts (212 mg and 89 mg per serving, respectively). Concerning the phenolic content in the different aerial parts, leaf was the richest plant organ in phenolics followed by flower and stem with the lowest amount. The methanol extract from Sideritis raeseri (wild growing) showed the highest antioxidant capacity as shown by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The antioxidant capacity was linearly correlated with phenolic content. Nutritionally, the dietary burden of phenolics of a "Mountain tea" bag for domestic infusion (serving size) was established at 89 mg for an homogeneous and equal distribution of the different aerial parts (leaf, flower and stem). However, and according to our results a rate of 60% leaf and 40% flower would increase the content of bioavailable phenolics and also the total phenolics content of a serving bag of "Mountain tea".     

Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and fatty acid components of flower, leaf, stem and seed of Hypericum scabrum

The hexane extracts of flower, leaf, stem, and seed of Hypericum scabrum, which were collected from northwestern Iran, were obtained by extraction in a Soxhlet apparatus. The fatty acids were converted to methyl esters and determined by gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) systems. The hexane extract from the flower, leaf, stem, and seed contained 39.1%, 43.2%, 29.0%, and 37.6% of omega-3 fatty acids, respectively. The other main components of the flower extract were tetracosane (12.2%) and palmitic acid (9.3%), and that of the leaf extract was palmitic acid (7.4%). The stem and seed extracts contained bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (18.7% and 35.7%), nonacosane (11.7% and 3.9%) and linoleic acid (6.5% and 6.9%) as major components. The hexane extracts of different parts from H. scabrum represent an important source of omega-3 fatty acids in several Hypericum species. The antioxidant activity of all hexane extracts was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The results indicate that hexane extracts from different parts of H. scabrum possess considerable antioxidant activity. The highest radical scavenging activity was detected in seed, which had an IC50 = 165 microg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts of those samples were determined against seven Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae), as well as three fungi (Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus niger). The bioassay showed that the oil exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity. This study reveals that the all parts of this plant are attractive sources of fatty acid components, especially the essential ones, as well as of effective natural antioxidants.     

头花蓼对土壤中锑的累积特征及健康风险评价

为有效控制头花蓼重金属污染问题、保障头花蓼药用安全提供科学依据,通过盆栽试验,研究不同浓度锑(Sb)污染土壤中头花蓼(Polygonum capitatum)对Sb的吸收累积特征及头花蓼中Sb对人体的健康风险影响,并预测头花蓼食用量在人体可接受范围内时头花蓼种植土壤中Sb的安全限值。结果表明,随着土壤中Sb含量增加,头花蓼生物量及耐性系数减小,头花蓼各器官Sb含量增加,且表现为根＞叶＞茎。头花蓼根部、地上部对Sb的富集系数分别为0.53~1.76(平均1.32)、0.13~0.36(平均0.23),且均在土壤中Sb处理量为200 mg/kg时达到最大值;头花蓼对Sb的转运系数为0.13~0.24(平均0.18),表明头花蓼将Sb从根部转运到地上部的能力较低。在Sb浓度低于2.09 mg/kg的土壤中种植头花蓼,头花蓼根、茎、叶各部位均可安全食用;但土壤中Sb浓度高于8.72 mg/kg时,头花蓼各部位食用均存在安全风险。     

石荠苧不同药用部位总黄酮及微量元素含量的测定

采用分光光度法测定了石荠芋不同药用部位总黄酮的含量,采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测定了其中微量元素的含量。结果表明,叶中总黄酮含量最高,根次之,茎最少;根、茎、叶中均含有Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn、Co等多种人体必需的微量元素,其中Fe含量最高,且叶中明显高于根、茎;3个部位均未检出有害重金属As,而Hg、Pb含量均未超标。该结果可为石荠芋不同药用部位的利用和药材的开发提供科学依据。     

Chemical investigation of saponins in different parts of Panax notoginseng by pressurized liquid extraction and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry

A pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the qualitative determination of saponins in different parts of P. notoginseng, including rhizome, root, fibre root, seed, stem, leaf and flower. The samples were extracted using PLE. The analysis was achieved on a Zorbax SB-C18 column with gradient elution of acetonitrile and 8 mM aqueous ammonium acetate as mobile phase. The mass spectrometer was operated in the negative ion mode using the electrospray ionization, and a collision induced dissociation (CID) experiment was also carried out to aid the identification of compounds. Forty one saponins were identified in different parts of P. notoginseng according to the fragmentation patterns and literature reports, among them, 21 saponins were confirmed by comparing the retention time and ESI-MS data with those of standard compounds. The results showed that the chemical characteristics were obviously diverse in different parts of P. notoginseng, which is helpful for pharmacological evaluation and quality control of P. notoginseng.     

Elemental profile in some common medicinal plants of India. Its correlation with traditional therapeutic usage

Several parts of plants are used in herbal and Ayurvedic medicines of India. The different elemental constituents at trace levels of these plant parts play an effective role in the medicines prepared. Elemental composition of different parts (root, bark, leaf, seed) of some medicinal plants of North Eastern India has been determined by using proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE). A total of 14 elements, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr and Pb have been measured. Their concentrations were found to vary in different samples. Medicinal properties of these plant samples and their elemental distribution have been correlated.     

Comparative Analysis of Coumarin Profiles in Different Parts of Peucedanum japonicum and Their Aldo–Keto Reductase Inhibitory Activities

Peucedanum japonicum (Umbelliferae) is widely distributed throughout Southeast Asian countries. The root of this plant is used in traditional medicine to treat colds and pain, whereas the young leaves are considered an edible vegetable. In this study, the differences in coumarin profiles for different parts of P. japonicum including the flowers, roots, leaves, and stems were compared using ultra-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Twenty-eight compounds were tentatively identified, including three compounds found in the genus Peucedanum for the first time. Principal component analysis using the data set of the measured mass values and intensities of the compounds exhibited distinct clustering of the flower, leaf, stem, and root samples. In addition, their anticancer activities were screened using an Aldo–keto reductase (AKR)1C1 assay on A549 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells and the flower extract inhibited AKR1C1 activity. Based on these results, seven compounds were selected as potential markers to distinguish between the flower part versus the root, stem, and leaf parts using an orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. This study is the first to provide information on the comparison of coumarin profiles from different parts of P. japonicum as well as their AKR1C1 inhibitory activities. Taken together, the flowers of P. japonicum offer a new use related to the efficacy of overcoming anticancer drug resistance, and may be a promising source for the isolation of active lead compounds.