运用正交试验优选细纱机的工艺参数

细纱是纺部的最后产品.造成细纱条干不匀的原因很多,除了原材料(粗纱)的质量外,细纱机各部位的工艺参数也起很大作用.要降低细纱的条干不匀率,除了改善粗纱的质量外,优化细纱机的各个工艺参数也是不可忽视的途径.细纱机的工艺参数很多,如钳口隔距、罗拉隔距、皮辊直径和位置、皮辊压力、牵伸倍数等都可能对细纱的条干不匀率有影响.至于哪些工艺参数的影响是重要的,哪些是不重要的,过去没有明确的结论.我们试图通过正交试验来探索这个问题的答案,并对纺32支针织用纱的主要工艺参数进行优化.实践经验表明:细纱的中长片断不匀和部分长片断不匀…     

基于泊松过程的理想纱条的数学建模与条干不匀分析

在Rao给出的理想纱条的数学定义的基础上,进一步提出利用泊松过程来描述纤维在理想纱条中的随机排列.由此得出纱条片段中纤维左头端数服从泊松分布,相邻纤维的左头端间隔距离服从指数分布,纤维左头端在纱条中的位置服从均匀分布,纱条截面的纤维根数服从泊松分布,这对理解纤维在纱条中的排列结构以及模拟纤维在纱条中的随机排列提供了基础.在此模型的基础上对纱条的条干不匀进行了分析,给出了考虑纤维细度因素之后的条干不匀公式.     

吊杆问题的数学解析

粗细不匀的杆件平衡吊起后哪端重 ?这是一个常见的工程问题 ,本文首先提出一个吊杆佯谬 ,使这一问题更加尖锐化 ,进而用高等数学分析和解决了吊杆佯谬和这一常见问题。     

基于Whittaker修匀的多目标修匀模型

本文基于Whittaker修匀,提出了一个新的死亡率修匀模型,并采用该模型对两组不同年龄段人群的死亡率进行了修匀计算。该模型的优点一是模型可保证修匀结果的光滑度和拟合度。二是模型具有普遍适用性,可适用于不同年龄段人群的修匀。三是解决了Whittaker修匀中需要主观选取拟合算子和光滑算子之间组合系数的难题。四是解决了Whittaker修匀模型拟合算子中权重选取的难题。五是通过熵正则化法和中心法,将模型转化为一个单目标的凸规划模型,保证了模型计算的可行性。     

荷电匀加速动态黑洞的三种类视界超曲面

讨论了荷电直线匀加速动态黑洞的三种特征曲面:事件视界、表观视界和类时极限面.结果指出:在荷电匀加速且质量变化(存在蒸发和吸积)情况下,所讨论的这类黑洞事件视界与类时极限面以及表现视界相互分开,并得到一些新的结果.     

多重尺度法在椭圆管道磁流体动力流中的应用

本文研究不可压缩可导流体沿一均匀磁场中的椭圆管道的流动.在Hartmann数是充分大的情形下,应用多重尺度法,作出解的准确到任意量级的渐近近似式.本方法可用于研究截面具有光滑周界的,任意形状管道的磁流体动力流.     

运动裂纹问题

关于在无限各向同性介质平面内,裂纹沿直线以常速移动的动态裂纹问题,G.C.Sih,E.P.Chem等利用Fourier变换方法进行过研究,其中作用于裂纹上的载荷是匀对称或匀斜对称的。本文,将应用复变函数理论方法讨论     

振动的多孔平板上磁流体动力学流动的Hall效应

以无限多孔扁平板为边界,对不可压缩导电粘滞流体的不稳定流动进行了分析.平板在其自身平面内以频率n作谐振动,在流体流动的垂直方向上作用一均匀磁场,研究发现,平板上有吹出(速度)时,问题的解依然存在.还得到了考虑粘性及Joule耗散时的温度分布.壁面的平均温度随着Hau参数的增大而减小,可以发现,平板上有吹出(速度)时,不存在温度分布.     

全带宽矩阵的核密度估计在核熵成分分析中的应用

核熵成分分析是一种通过保留数据集最多的Renyi熵进行降维和特征提取的数据处理方法,将方法中的Renyi熵利用全带宽矩阵的核概率密度进行了估计,证明了所得熵估计仍是无偏估计,因为新的估计考虑到了不同坐标方向数据的差异性,故在该估计下核熵成分分析对分布不匀衡的数据的特征提取能力得到了提高.     

高维非均匀核N.N.估计的强一致收敛速度

本文讨论了高维空间中非均匀核Ｎ．Ｎ．Ｗ估计的一致强收敛强度。在密度数的条件与［１，２］相同时，得到了比［１，２］更好的收敛速度，就其收敛的主要部分而言已无可改进。由于均匀核Ｎ．Ｎ．估计是非均匀核Ｎ．Ｎ．估计的特例，从而大大拓广了Ｎ．Ｎ．估计的理论价值和应用范围。     

Creep of polymer concrete in the nonlinear region

Two polyester-based polymer concretes with various volume content of diabase as an extender and aggregate are tested in creep under compression at different stress levels. The phenomenological and structural approaches are both used to analyze the experimental data. Common features of changes in the instantaneous and creep compliances are clarified, and a phenomenological creep model which accounts for the changes in the instantaneous compliance and in the retardation spectrum depending on the stress level is developed. It is shown that the model can be used to describe the experimental results of stress relaxation and creep under repeated loading. Modeling of the composite structure and subsequent solution of the optimization problem confirm the possibility of the existence of an interphase layer more compliant than the binder. A direct correlation between the interphase volume content and the instantaneous compliance of the composite is revealed. It is found that the distinction in nonlinearity of the viscoelastic behavior of the two polymer concretes under investigation can be due to the difference in their porosity. Submitted to the 11th International Conference on Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000.) Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 147–164, 2000.     

Peridynamics via finite element analysis

Peridynamics is a recently developed theory of solid mechanics that replaces the partial differential equations of the classical continuum theory with integral equations. Since the integral equations remain valid in the presence of discontinuities such as cracks, the method has the potential to model fracture and damage with great generality and without the complications of mathematical singularities that plague conventional continuum approaches. Although a discretized form of the peridynamic integral equations has been implemented in a meshless code called EMU, the objective of the present paper is to describe how the peridynamic model can also be implemented in a conventional finite element analysis (FEA) code using truss elements. Since FEA is arguably the most widely used tool for structural analysis, this implementation may hasten the verification of peridynamics and significantly broaden the range of problems that the practicing analyst might attempt. Also, the present work demonstrates that different subregions of a model can be solved with either the classical partial differential equations or the peridynamic equations in the same calculation thus combining the efficiency of FEA with the generality of peridynamics. Several example problems show the equivalency of the FEA and the meshless peridynamic approach as well as demonstrate the utility and robustness of the method for problems involving fracture, damage and penetration.     

Variation of the structure and permeability of tensioned fiber layers during impregnation with a thermoplastic polymer melt

The influence of displacements of tensioned fibers on the impregnation of fibrous layers with a polymer melt and on the final composite structure is studied. Using computer simulation, it is shown that, during impregnation, the structure of tensioned fibrous layers changes considerably depending on the initial arrangement and tensioning of fibers. The consolidated regions formed under the melt front move inside the impregnated layer with the advancing melt front. Displacement of the tensioned fibers as well as the formation of “washouts” favors the impregnation of internal layers, but cause significant inhomogeneity of the polymer structure. The surface (on the side of the melt flow) regions are more saturated with the polymer than the internal ones. A difference in the melt percolation mechanisms at various impregnation regimes is revealed. The effective permeability coefficients of a tensioned fiber layer are not constant but depend on the conditions and regimes of impregnation. Submitted to the 11th Conference on the Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000). Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 259–270, March–April, 2000.     

Price Expectations and Cobwebs Under Uncertainty

Classical approaches to location problems are based on the minimization of the average distance (the median concept) or the minimization of the maximum distance (the center concept) to the service facilities. The median solution concept is primarily concerned with the spatial efficiency while the center concept is focused on the spatial equity. The k-centrum model unifies both the concepts by minimization of the sum of the k largest distances. In this paper we investigate a solution concept of the conditional median which is a generalization of the k-centrum concept taking into account the portion of demand related to the largest distances. Namely, for a specified portion (quantile) of demand we take into account the entire group of the corresponding largest distances and we minimize their average. It is shown that such an objective, similar to the standard minimax, may be modeled with a number of simple linear inequalities. Equitable properties of the solution concept are examined.     

The Cauchy problem for ut=Δu+|∇u|

With q a positive real number, the nonlinear partial differential equation in the title of the paper arises in the study of the growth of surfaces. In that context it is known as the generalized deterministic KPZ equation. The paper is concerned with the initial-value problem for the equation under the assumption that the initial-data function is bounded and continuous. Results on the existence, uniqueness, and regularity of solutions are obtained.     

含有批处理机的三机流水作业加工总长问题在某些情形下的强NP困难性

本文研究含有批处理机的三台机器流水作业加工总长问题在某些情形下的计算复杂性。在批处理机上同时加工的工件组成一个工件批，一个工件批的所有工件同时开始、同时结束。当批处理机的容量有限时，我们证明了下列情形为强NP困难的：第一台机器是批处理机、其余两台机器是单机；第二台机器是单机、其余两台机器是批处理机；第三台机器是批处理机、其余两台机器是单机。     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

A model for predicting the shear bearing capacity of FRP-strengthened beams

The shear failure of reinforced concrete beams needs more attention than the bending failure since no or only small warning precedes the failure. For this reason, it is of utmost importance to understand the shear bearing capacity and also to be able to undertake significant rehabilitation work if necessary. In this paper, a design model for the shear strengthening of concrete beams by using fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) is presented, and the limitations of the truss model analogy are highlighted. The fracture mechanics approach is used in analyzing the bond behavior between the FRP composites and concrete. The fracture energy of concrete and the axial rigidity of the FRP are considered to be the most important parameters. The effective strain in the FRP when the debonding occurs is determined. The limitations of the anchorage length over the cross section are analyzed. A simple iterative design method for the shear debonding is finally proposed. Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 357–372, May–June, 2008.     

Dynamical Spin Susceptibility in the t–J Model in the Superconducting Phase

Dynamical spin susceptibility is calculated for the t–J model in the superconducting phase using the memory function method in terms of the Hubbard operators. The self-consistent system of equations for the memory function is obtained within the mode-coupling approximation. Both itinerant hole excitations and localized spin fluctuations contribute to the memory function. Moreover, the itinerant contribution itself consists of two parts, i.e., the contribution of Bogoliubov quasiparticles and that of Cooper pairs. The spin dynamics is diffusive in the hydrodynamic limit, but the itinerant part does not contribute to the spin diffusion. In the high frequency region, spin–wave-like excitations continue to exist. We discuss our analytic results in the light of neutron scattering experiments performed on the cuprate superconductors.     

Gaussian Versus Optimal Integration of Analytic Functions

We consider error estimates for optimal and Gaussian quadrature formulas if the integrand is analytic and bounded in a certain complex region. First, a simple technique for the derivation of lower bounds for the optimal error constants is presented. This method is applied to Szeg?-type weight functions and ellipses as regions of analyticity. In this situation, the error constants for the Gaussian formulas are close to the obtained lower bounds, which proves the quality of the Gaussian formulas and also of the lower bounds. In the sequel, different regions of analyticity are investigated. It turns out that almost exclusively for ellipses, the Gaussian formulas are near-optimal. For classes of simply connected regions of analyticity, which are additionally symmetric to the real axis, the asymptotic of the worst ratio between the error constants of the Gaussian formulas and the optimal error constants is calculated. As a by-product, we prove explicit lower bounds for the Christoffel-function for the constant weight function and arguments outside the interval of integration. September 7, 1995. Date revised: October 25, 1996.