对称测量法在霍尔元件测磁场中的应用

在用霍尔元件测磁场时，一般采用对称测量法以消除各种附加电压的影响，当出现某会加电压大于霍尔电压这种特殊情况时，该测量方法更为必要。     

对称测量法在霍尔元件测磁场中的应用

在用霍尔元件测磁场时,一般采用对称测量法以消除各种附加电压的影响,当出现某种附加电压大于霍尔电压这种特殊情况时,该测量方法更为必要．     

霍尔元件测螺线管磁场分布实验的改进

现用霍尔元件测螺线管磁场分布实验仪为提供1×10 2T的磁感应强度,采用增大螺线管线圈层数和电流的方法.由于管内温度高,霍尔元件易损,实验数据也不稳定.本文以集成霍尔元件代替锗霍尔元件,可在线圈安匝数较小的条件下,使测量数据稳定、准确,且教学效果很好.     

霍尔电压的简化测法

一、引言用霍尔元件测量磁场这一实验,现在教学中一般的测法是:对同一场点,利用磁场方向与元件工作电流方向的四种不同的组合,测取四个电压值,再由此四值算出霍尔电压,此法测量次数较多,计算量大。本文提出的简化测法是:只需测量磁场与电流的     

用双向晶闸管保护霍尔元件

在霍尔元件测磁场的实验过程中,由于霍尔元件无保护电路,在线路接错和操作不正常的情况下,经常造成大电流损坏霍尔元件,严重影响正常的教学工作．我们在实践中经过电路改进,增加保护电路后,有效地防止了这种故障的发生．１工作原理 霍尔元件Ｉ 端在正常工作情况下,流过Ｉ端的电流绝对值小于６ｍＡ,Ｒ１取值为３３０ ,其两端压降小于 ２Ｖ,经 Ｄ１或 Ｄ２, Ｗ１至 Ｔｈ１的门极 Ｇ,此电压达不到 Ｔｈ１门极的导通电压 ｕｇＴｈ１不导通,流过Ｔｈ１主端子Ｔ１－Ｔ２的电流为零,所以加入保护电路后对测量结果无影响．当线路不正…     

霍尔效应测量磁场实验的拓展

利用霍尔效应测二维空间磁场分布的拓展方案,测量了马蹄形磁铁周围的磁场分布。并用Mathematica编程对测量数据进行处理,模拟了直观形象的磁场分布图,提高了实验结果的精确度。     

利用霍尔效应测磁场实验的数据处理

推导了亥姆霍兹线圈产生磁场的全空间分布的普遍公式,讨论了如何确定磁感应强度的方向。就实验内容进行了实例分析,利用Matlab软件进行了相关计算,提出了利用霍尔效应测磁场实验的数据处理方法。最后,详细讨论了亥姆霍兹线圈所在平面处磁场强度相关参数的分布曲线。     

利用双霍尔探头测螺线管中低频交变磁场

在霍尔效应实验中利用双霍尔探头测磁场,通过对磁场定标,研究了螺线管中低频交变磁场,并分析了螺线管中低频交变磁场的分布特征,为学生测量低频弱电磁辐射提供了新的思路.     

霍尔效应实验直流测量法的误差探讨及处理

本首先对霍尔效应测量中的系统误差作了叙述,对系统误差中的热能流引起的不等位电势提出了自己的见解,并对结果进行了评述。     

用于托卡马克磁场测量的金属霍尔探测器的研制

金属霍尔探测器被认为是未来磁约束聚变堆磁场测量的重要工具之一。介绍了金属霍尔探测器系统的研制,包括测量原理、探测器制作工艺、电子学系统研制、标定系统建设及测试结果等。采用金属铋作为霍尔材料,有源区厚度为100nm,放大器的放大倍数为2000～200000倍。测试结果显示,当待测磁场在3mT以上时,系统的测量精度优于±1%,可以达到磁探针的标定精度,能够满足托卡马克装置的磁场测量要求。     

Measurement of magnetic field intensity by means of NMR. I. Accuracy of measurement

The influence of various parameters (e.g. polarization and intensity of high frequency field, NMR relaxation times, signal to noise ratio of the measuring apparatus) on the determination of NMR resonance point of a nuclear system with exactly known value of gyromagnetic factor is discussed. Special attention is given to the case of real field, which is not stable in time. It is shown that the transverse NMR relaxation time of the nuclei in the sample has to be selected in correlation with the properties of the field (e.g. time instability, spatial inhomogeneity) and of the measuring equipment (e.g. signal to noise ratio), if the lowest obtainable uncertainty of field intensity NMR measurement is to be achieved.     

磁场强度对霍尔推力器放电特性影响的实验研究

为探索霍尔推力器通道内优化磁场的标准,本文研究了磁场强度对其放电特性的影响规律.通过在保持磁场形貌不变（“聚焦”形）下改变磁场强度的大小,使用朗缪尔探针、光谱仪等测量手段分析了工作于不同磁安特性曲线段的推力器放电特性.研究表明：当磁场强度小于优化值时,电子横越磁场的传导以近壁传导机制为主;反之,当磁场强度大于优化值时,放电电流反常变化,而现有的电子输运传导机制不能解释这种现象. 关键词： 霍尔推力器 磁场强度 放电特性     

Hall effect in dilute magnetic alloys

We review the theory and the experimental results on the Hall effect in noble metals containing magnetic impurities of transition metals. In order to illustrate the various types of observed effects, we focus succesively on selected systems: $\text{Cu}$Mn, with only enhancement of the ordinary Hall effect due to the existance of different spin-up and spin-down currents; $\text{Au}$Fe and $\text{Au}$Cr, with skew scattering by magnetic impurities; $\text{Cu}$MnT ternary alloys (where T is a non-magnetic impurity), with skew scattering effects due to combined spin—orbit scattering by non-magnetic impurities and spin scattering by Mn impurities. The skew scattering in $\text{Au}$Fe and $\text{Au}$Cr can be ascribed to the orbital character of the impurity moments and accounted for in an orbitally degenerate virtual bound state model. However, the anomalous temperature dependence of the skew scattering in Kondo alloys at low temperature is not well understood. We also present some magnetoresistance data in order to describe the links between the Hall effect and the magnetoresistance in magnetic alloys. In particular, we relate the skew scattering and the magnetoresistance anisotropy observed in $\text{Au}$Cr alloys.     

A high-temperature acoustic field measurement and analysis system for determining cavitation intensity in ultrasonically solidified metallic alloys

A high-temperature acoustic field measurement and analysis system (HTAFS) was self-designed and developed to achieve real-time acoustic field analysis and quantitative cavitation characterization within high-temperature liquids. The acoustic signal was acquired by a high-temperature resistant waveguide and calibrated by separate compensation of line and continuous spectra to eliminate frequency offsets. Moreover, a new method was proposed to derive from the continuous-spectrum sound intensity and line-spectrum sound intensity in the frequency band above 1.5 times the fundamental frequency to characterize the intensity of transient cavitation and stable cavitation. The acoustic field characteristics within solidifying liquid Al-7 %Si alloy were successfully determined by this system. With the increase of ultrasound amplitude, the acoustic pressure in the alloy melt increased to be stable, the transient cavitation intensity first rose and then declined, and the stable cavitation intensity remained unchanged. Combined with the structural evolution of the primary α(Al) phase, the transient cavitation intensity was determined to be the dominant factor for the ultrasound-induced grain refinement effect.     

Characterization of magnetic nanoparticles by a modular Hall magnetometer

The magnetization of iron oxide, nickel and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was successfully measured by using a modular magnetometer. The magnetometer was built by combining stand-alone equipments usually available at most laboratories such as a Gaussmeter, an electromagnet, a current source and a linear actuator. The magnetic moment sensitivity attained was about 10⁻⁶ Am² and the results were checked against measurements made on commercial VSM and SQUID magnetometers showing few percent errors.     

霍尔位置传感器测量固体材料的杨氏模量

用自制霍尔位置传感器与梁弯曲法测杨氏模量装置相结合，研制成固体材料杨氏模量测定仪，简述仪器结构、原理和实验方法。     

Hall magnetic shocks in plasma current layers

We present new analytical and numerical results of the dynamics of reversed field current layers in the Hall limit (i.e., characteristic length scales smaller than the ion inertial length). A rapid, localized thinning of the current layer leads to the generation of a nonlinear, shocklike structure that propagates in the B x inverted Delta(n) direction. This magnetic structure is self-supportive and can lead to a nonlocal thinning of the current layer and the release of magnetic energy.     

Hall effect in microscopically inhomogeneous magnetic alloys

A theory of the generalized conductivity for the normal component of the Hall effect is developed. It is shown that the normal Hall effect coefficient R ₀ of microscopically inhomogeneous magnetic alloys GdZn_xCu_1−x , which at low temperatures consist of ferro-, antiferro-, and paramagnetic phases, can be described satisfactorily on the basis of an effective-medium theory. The experimentally observed relationship between the coefficient R ₀(x) and the resistivity ρ(x) is obtained. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 41, 98–102 (January 1999)