二能级系统的马尔可夫与非马尔可夫方法比较

分别用马尔可夫与非马尔可夫方法推导出二能级系统与库相互作用的耗散动力学,并把失谐谱密度与一个光子带隙的谱密度下的计算结果与精确解进行比较。对于失谐谱密度,分别讨论在马尔可夫与非马尔可夫库的激发态布居数,发现无论是短时的弱耦合区域,还是长时间的强耦合区域,非马尔可夫方法比马尔可夫方法更加接近精确解,而马尔可夫近似主要适用于弱耦合条件;对于光子带隙谱密度,主要考虑了小带宽的布居数,结果显示马尔可夫方法主要适用于弱耦合条件,而非马尔可夫方法主要适用于强耦合情形。结果表明：对于不同谱密度、不同的耦合区域,只有选择合适的马尔可夫或非马尔可夫方法才能精确描述系统的动力学。     

利用量子相干性判定开放二能级系统中非马尔可夫性

从量子相干性包括l₁ norm相干性和量子相对熵相干性的角度建立了判定开放量子系统中非马尔可夫过程的方法, 并给出了相应的判别条件. 作为它们的具体应用, 研究了一个两能级系统分别经历相位衰减通道、 随机幺正通道和振幅耗散通道作用时对应的非马尔可夫过程发生必须满足的条件. 对于三种通道模型, 得到了l₁ norm相干性对系统任意态非马尔可夫过程发生的判别条件, 并发现在相位衰减通道和振幅耗散通道中其非马尔可夫过程发生 的条件与用其他方式如信息回流、可分性和量子互熵给出的条件是相同的, 而在随机幺正通道中给出了一个新的且不完全等价于基于信息回流和可分性对应的条件. 至于量子相对熵相干性, 在相位衰减通道中得到了对系统任意态的非马尔可夫过程发生的具体条件, 并发现该条件也等同于基于信息回流、可分性和量子互熵给出的条件. 而在随机幺正通道和振幅耗散通道中得到了系统最大相干态对应的非马尔可夫过程发生的条件.     

夹层结构中二能级原子非马尔科夫自发衰减过程的记忆函数

文章研究了夹层结构中二能级原子非马尔科夫自发衰减过程的记忆函数.运用量子光学方法导出了夹层结构中二能级原子的库的耦合谱和非马尔科夫记忆函数.谱中包含了决定谱宽度的权重因子.发现记忆函数控制着原子自发衰减的动力学演化;由于辐射场被夹层结构扰动,记忆函数出现逐渐变弱的抖动:记忆时间依赖于耦合谱的宽度,宽的谱导致短的记忆时间.     

随机双指数记忆耗散系统的非马尔可夫扩散

针对具有双指数耗散记忆核函数的两自由度耦合系统, 本文利用Laplace变换导出了热宽带噪声激励下该系统响应二阶矩的解析表达式. 并观察到位移二阶矩不同于单自由度情形下的反常扩散:<x²(t)> ∝ t^α (0<α<2, α≠1), 而是随时间及噪声等参数变化呈现普遍的振荡扩散现象.分析可得, 阻尼耦合因子B使粒子远离简谐势场的束缚, <x²(t)>随B的增大扩散加剧而摩擦系数增大却使其趋于平稳状态.进一步, 若两热噪声互关联时, 较小的互关联时间对二阶矩的影响较大, 反之作用较小. 伴随互关联强度递增, 位移二阶矩的扩散加剧, 位移间的相关性加强, 与物理直观相符. 关键词： 热噪声 非马尔可夫扩散 广义朗之万方程 关联性     

非马尔可夫环境下经典场驱动Jaynes-Cummings模型中原子的熵压缩

运用非马尔可夫量子理论与熵压缩理论,研究了非马尔可夫环境下经典场驱动Jaynes-Cummings模型中原子的熵压缩,考察了非马尔可夫效应、经典场驱动、体系失谐量对原子熵压缩的影响.用非马尔可夫过程的记忆效应解释了原子熵压缩的动力学行为.结果表明:非马尔可夫效应和经典场驱动的共同作用有利于原子熵压缩的产生与维持.在非马尔可夫环境下,通过选择适当的系统参数,可以产生压缩度大、压缩持续时间长的原子熵压缩态.研究结果为利用光场-原子相互作用制备压缩度大、压缩持续时间长的最佳原子压缩态提供了可能途径.     

二能级系统的布居囚禁现象

采用缀饰原子模型,以解析方式研究了二能级系统布居囚禁现象,给出了实现布居囚禁现象的条件,并通过解析公式计算演示了各种条件下布居囚禁的不同行为.所有的解析计算都与数值计算结果相一致. 关键词： 布居囚禁 二能级系统     

多模光场与二能级原子相互作用系统中保真度与纠缠度的关联

利用全量子理论及数值计算方法,计算了由M个二能级原子和M个多模腔场构成的联合系统原子保真度和原子纠缠度,数值计算及分析表明:如果初始原子处于分离态,那么原子保真度与原子纠缠度始终存在相互反相的振荡现象,随着光场强度的增加,二者的振荡均会越来越频繁;在光场与原子强耦合的情况下,原子保真度更多趋于0、原子纠缠度更多趋于1;保真度较小不利于信息传输,但通过适当控制相互作用时间,可达到高保真度原子信息传输的目的.     

二能级系统态函数概率流新形式

首先讨论了一般量子系统的概率流的表达形式,鉴于对于二能级系统态函数的概率流文献中讨论的较少,本文通过定义一些新的变量,给出了二能级系统态函数概率流的新形式,这一新形式中不含有两个态矢的干涉项.     

次近邻作用对随机量子Ising系统动力学性质的影响

利用递推关系方法在高温极限下研究了具有次近邻自旋耦合相互作用的一维随机量子Ising系统的动力学性质,求解了系统的自关联函数及谱密度.假设自旋耦合参量或横向磁场满足双高斯分布,研究发现当随机变量的标准偏差σJ(σB)较小时系统的动力学性质存在从集体模行为到中心峰值行为的交跨效应,当σJ(σB)较大时,交跨效应消失,系统只表现一种动力学行为.讨论了次近邻相互作用对系统动力学性质的影响,发现当KiJ2i(Ji和Ki分别为近邻和次近邻相互作用)时次近邻相互作用对系统动力学性质的影响不太明显,可以忽略;当Ki2Ji时,次近邻相互作用使得系统的中心峰值行为表现得更加明显,或使其集体模行为呈减弱的趋势.     

Different indicators for Markovian and non-Markovian dynamics

The Markovianity/non-Markovianity of two different systems are discussed by means of the quantum speed limit time and quantum Fisher information. The first system is described by a central mass particle interacts locally with its surrounding particles, while the second and third models consist of a single qubit interacts with a non-detuning Lorentzian cavity and with a thermal reservoir, respectively. For the first model, the large distance between the central particle and the surrounding particles is guaranty for a fixed quantum speed limit, while the driving time plays the central role on the fixed behavior of the quantum speed limit time. Due to the stable behavior of the quantum speed limit time and the quantum Fisher information, the exchange information between the systems and their surrounding is limited. The distance between the central mass particle and its surrounding particle plays the main role on predicating the Markovianity/non-Markovianity. For the second system the driving time is an important parameter that control on the Markovianity/non-Markovianity behavior. Finally the third model proves that non-Markovianity dynamic may increase the speed and the sensitivity of the open system.     

Quantum correlation dynamics of three non-coupled two-level atoms in different reservoirs

Time evolution dynamics of three non-coupled two-level atoms independently interacting with their reservoirs is solved exactly by considering a damping Lorentzian spectral density.For three atoms initially prepared in Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-type state,quantum correlation dynamics in a Markovian reservoir is compared with that in a nonMarkovian reservoir.By increasing detuning quantity in the non-Markovian reservoir,three-atom correlation dynamics measured by negative eigenvalue presents a trapping phenomenon which provides long-time quantum entanglement.Then we compare the correlation dynamics of three atoms with that of two atoms,measured by quantum entanglement and quantum discord for an initial robuster-entangled type state.The result further confirms that quantum discord is indeed different from quantum entanglement in identifying quantum correlation of many bodies.     

Non-Markovian and Markovian Dynamics of a V-type Three-Level Atom

The reduced dynamics of a V-type three-level atom in a structure reservoir is presented,which has the exact solution in certain special condition.The Markovian and non-Markovian master equations for this composite system are solved and compared with the exact solution.The solving approach can be directly generalized to the solution of a V-type multilevel system dynamics interacting with a reservoir.The results further testify that these two kinds of master equations are exploited in different coupling regime,providing guidance for further application of these variants master equations to solve multilevel system dynamics without the exact solution.     

The population and decay evolution of a qubit under the time-convolutionless master equation

We consider the population and decay of a qubit under the electromagnetic environment. Employing the time-convolutionless master equation, we investigate the Markovian and non-Markovian behaviour of the corresponding perturbation expansion. The Jaynes-Cummings model on resonance is investigated. Some figures clearly show the different evolution behaviours. The reasons are interpreted in the paper.     

Non-Markovian dynamics of a qubit in a reservoir: different solutions of non-Markovian master equation

We present a non-Markovian master equation for a qubit interacting with a general reservoir, which is derived according to the Nakajima-Zwanzig and the time convolutionless projection operator technique. The non-Markovian solutions and Markovian solution of dynamical decay of a qubit are compared. The results indicate the validity of non-Markovian approach in different coupling regimes and also show that the Markovian master equation may not precisely describe the dynamics of an open quantum system in some situation. The non-Markovian solutions may be effective for many qubits independently interacting with the heated reservoirs.     

Solution methods for discrete-state Markovian initial value problems

Solution methods, both numerical and analytical, are considered for solving the Liouville master equation associated with discrete-state Markovian initial value problems. The numerical method, basically a moment (Galerkin) method, is very general and is validated and shown to converge rapidly by comparison with an earlier reported analytical result for the ensemble-averaged transmission of photons through a purely scattering statistical rod. An application of the numerical method to a simple problem in the extended kinetic theory of gases is given. It is also shown that for a certain restricted class of problems, the master equation can be solved analytically using standard Laplace transform techniques. This solution generalizes the analytical solution for the photon transmission problem to a wider class of statistical problems.     

Distribution of non-Markovian intervals for open qubit systems

We study the non-Markovianity of open qubit systems using the measure N proposed by Breuer, Laine and Piilo [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 210401 (2009)]. We find that for the three types of quantum noises, amplitude-damping, dephasing and depolarizing noises, there exist some non-Markovian time intervals whose distribution is independent of the selection of the pair of initial states. Therefore, the maximization in the definition of measure N can be actually removed without influencing the detection of non-Markovianity.