光交换节点中的全光再生技术研究

比较了光交换节点中几种全光再生技术方案的优缺点,重点描述光纤参量振荡器的时钟提取实验和基于磁光四波混频的光门整形技术。实验揭示了光纤参量振荡器闲频光反馈控制方法的工作原理,并提取出稳定的高质量时钟信号。仿真比较了4种四波混频光门再生方案的功率转移特性,开展了磁光四波混频再生实验。研究表明:通过对高非线性光纤加载180 Gs直流磁场,可使光接收机灵敏度进一步提升2 dB。最后指出了全光再生技术的多信道、集成化发展趋势。     

影响光纤参量振荡器全光时钟提取性能的因素分析

实验考察了输入光信号调制速率、泵浦功率、偏振态以及光纤参量振荡器（FOPO）环形腔内光纤长度、光偏振旋转等因素对FOPO提取的时钟信号相位抖动和幅度噪声的影响。实验表明,在光时钟信号相位抖动均方值（RMS）为0.025 UI的容限内,基于FOPO的全光时钟提取方案对这些变化因素的承受能力分别为:8.2 kHz的输入信号调制速率变化、5 dB的泵浦光功率变化、20泵浦信号方位角变化、2 mm的腔内光纤长度变化以及14的腔内信号方位角变化。这为进一步提高基于FOPO全光时钟提取性能提供了重要实验依据。     

光纤四波混频多波长时钟信号整形

将两路时钟信号作为泵浦光,与连续探测光一同耦合进高非线性光纤中,四波混频产生的两路闲频光作为整形后的时钟信号,并通过控制两路时钟信号之间的相对时间延迟来减小光纤四波混频干扰。研究了整形前时钟信号占空比的变化与整形后时钟质量的关系以及最佳占空比下输入时钟信号和输出时钟信号的相对幅度抖动的关系,发现在占空比由小到大变化的过程中,整形后时钟信号的质量总体上先变好后变坏;在最佳占空比0.14下,两路时钟信号的相对幅度抖动由原来的13.934 9%和13.958 6%下降到2.03%和2.12%,表明了该方案的可行性。     

Four-wave-mixing-based multi-wavelength clock reshaping

将两路时钟信号作为泵浦光,与连续探测光一同耦合进高非线性光纤中,四波混频产生的两路闲频光作为整形后的时钟信号,并通过控制两路时钟信号之间的相对时间延迟来减小光纤四波混频干扰.研究了整形前时钟信号占空比的变化与整形后时钟质量的关系以及最佳占空比下输入时钟信号和输出时钟信号的相对幅度抖动的关系,发现在占空比在由小到大变化的过程中,整形后时钟信号的质量总体上先变好后变坏;在最佳占空比0.14下,两路时钟信号的相对幅度抖动由原来的13.934 9％和13.958 6％下降到2.03％和2.12％,表明了该方案的可行性.     

基于光纤中受激喇曼散射效应的全光多波长转换耦合器EI北大核心CSCD

基于光纤中受激喇曼散射效应,运用级联同种光纤设计出全光多波长转换耦合器,使转换输出的各路信号光功率相等.建立了全光多波长转换设计方案的理论模型,给出了设计原理框图以及实现方法,并以1路泵浦信号光、4路连续探测光为例,通过OptiSystem软件进行了仿真,仿真结果表明:所设计的全光多波长转换耦合器能同时对4路探测光实现波长转换,转换输出的信号光码型和输入泵浦信号光码型基本一致;转换效率和消光比随着探测光波长的增大而增大,最大值分别为-34dB和36.68dB;Q因子随着探测光波长的增大而减少,最大值为128.29;在级联光纤之后,4路输出信号光峰值功率和消光比基本相等,Q因子整体数值相对于全光多波长转换后有所下降,最大值为89.5455,验证了该方案的可行性.     

基于全保偏光纤利用脉冲同步技术差频产生中红外皮秒激光

搭建了主-从结构的全光被动同步激光器,将主激光器输出脉冲功率放大后注入从激光器,利用注入脉冲在从激光器中的交叉相位调制效应,实现了1029.9 nm泵浦光与1585.5 nm信号光的脉冲同步。采用声光调制器进行选频并配合级联光纤放大,提高了泵浦光脉冲的峰值功率,并通过优化光纤链路长度有效控制了泵浦光光谱展宽。该双色同步脉冲在PPLN晶体中进行非线性差频处理,当重复频率为100 kHz时,获得了3 dB光谱带宽为0.77 nm、中心波长为2940 nm的线偏振皮秒脉冲,最大单脉冲能量为1.8μJ,泵浦光转化效率为49.6%。     

熔锥型侧面泵浦耦合器的研究

 现在高功率光纤激光器和光纤放大器采用的双包层掺杂光纤,相对于从半导体泵浦激光器发射出的多模泵浦光束的大发散角,其内包层的直径很小,因此把泵浦光有效地耦合到双包层掺杂光纤的内包层是一个急需解决的难题。研制一种熔锥型侧面泵浦耦合器,可以大幅度提高泵浦光功率,实现增益光纤的多点泵浦,在双包层光纤放大器中使用良好,安全稳定,实现了较高的耦合效率,达到了70%,信号光通过率98%,信号输入与泵浦输入的隔离度大于50 dB,泵浦输入对输出端反向传输光的隔离度27 dB。通过对比结构紧凑性、耦合效率、系统稳定性等相关指标发现,熔锥型侧面泵浦耦合器完全可以满足高功率光纤激光器和光纤放大器的使用要求。     

利用光参变放大同时实现双波长全光判决的实验研究

为了能够对多路光信号同时实现整形再生,提出了一种在高非线性光纤(HNLF)中利用单抽运光参变放大(OPA)同时实现双波长全光判决的实验方案。该方案基于一段500m长的HNLF,输入信号为两路不同波长的10Gb/s伪随机归零(RZ)码信号,抽运光为10GHz的时钟脉冲。信号光与抽运光在HNLF中发生参变过程,通过两个光带通滤波器,分别滤出两路闲频光波长信号,可以在同一段HNLF中同时实现双波长全光判决。实验中,对两路10Gb/s伪随机归零码信号进行了恶化,以仿真长距离传输损耗及失真,恶化后信号的消光比(ER)分别为9.17dB和8.27dB,判决后的信号ER分别提高到12.8dB和12.66dB。通过实验论证了一种双波长全光判决的实现方案。     

基于半导体光放大器垂直双泵浦对偏振复用正交相移键控信号波长变换的性能研究

针对偏振复用相位调制信号的全光波长变换特性问题,基于半导体光放大器中四波混频效应,建立了对偏振复用正交相移键控信号的全光波长变换理论模型.根据理论分析,建立了仿真系统,仿真结果表明:泵浦光与信号光之间的频率间隔、偏振复用信号中的一个信号与一号泵浦光的偏振夹角对系统转换效率和信号质量有影响;波长转换过程中交叉相位调制产生的相位噪音会对信号质量有影响,且当泵浦光功率较大、泵浦光功率远大于信号光功率时,交叉相位调制效应的影响较小,仿真结果与理论分析一致.本文研究方法和相关结论对其它偏振复用信号基于半导体光放大器四波混频效应的波长变换研究有一定的参考价值.     

有源非线性光纤中光脉冲的再生特性研究

提出了一种利用有源非线性光纤同时实现信号放大和整形的方案.根据有源非线性光纤中导波光脉冲的四波混频耦合模方程,采用对称分步傅里叶算法计算了光纤中增益分布对系统输入输出功率转移函数的影响,并给出了一种基于功率转移函数的全光2R再生性能评价方法(可用功率转移函数曲线上的三个特征点来表征).分析了增益泵浦方式、增益大小以及光纤长度对数据泵浦四波混频2R再生性能(包括输入消光比、输出消光比、消光比提升以及饱和增益等)的影响.研究表明,在同向增益泵浦情形下,提高泵浦功率可以有效提高全光2R再生器的饱和增益特性,并且使空号/传号的输入阈值功率减小;增加光纤长度同样可以有效提高再生器的饱和增益,但它会增加空号/传号的输入阈值功率.上述结论可为基于有源非线性光纤的全光2R再生器研制提供理论指导.     

Analysis of 160 Gb/s all-optical NRZ-to-RZ data format conversion using quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer

A scheme of all-optical data format conversion from nonreturn-to-zero to return-to-zero is proposed using quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD SOAs) assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The proposed scheme has the potential to operate at much larger bit rate ∼160 Gb/s, and the converted signal has a lower frequency chirp. 160 Gb/s all-optical format conversion is verified through numerical simulations, and the output contrast ratio and Q-factor are analyzed to evaluate the system performance. With properly selected parameters, the converted signal with a contrast ratio over 8 dB and a Q-factor over 8 can be achieved.     

All-optical phase and amplitude regeneration of return-to-zero differential phase shift keying data

We report a novel implementation of an all-optical rephasing, reshaping, and reamplification differential phase shift keying (DPSK) regenerator. The rephasing is based on converting phase noise into amplitude noise by using an interferometric configuration and then eliminating the amplitude noise by using a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The reshaping is performed using gain competition and gain compression in a saturated SOA. The scheme was tested using 10Gbit/s, 2(23)-1 pseudorandom bit sequence return-to-zero DPSK data. The measurement shows removal of the degraded data error floor with a 6 order-of-magnitude improvement in bit-error rate. The measured negative power penalty is about 4dB. Mathematical analysis shows a reduction in DPSK phase-noise power by half.     

Experimental study of SOA-based NRZ-to-PRZ conversion and distortion elimination of amplified NRZ signal using spectral filtering

We experimentally study both reshaping of nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) signal and NRZ to pseudoreturn-to-zero (PRZ) format conversion based on self-phase modulation of a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and detuning an optical bandpass filter (OBF). When an OBF with 1 nm bandwidth is blue shifted by 0.8 nm, the distortion of the amplified NRZ signal at 10 Gbit/s is shown to be eliminated completely. When an OBF with 0.32 nm bandwidth is red shifted by 0.42 nm from the carrier frequency, NRZ-to-PRZ conversion at 10 Gbit/s is obtained. A holding beam is used to suppress the SOA noise and improve the output extinction ratio (ER). The output ER of both the reshaped NRZ and the converted PRZ is larger than 10 dB when the signal wavelength is longer than 1540 nm, and an input power dynamic range from −7 dBm to 2 dBm is obtained at a signal wavelength of 1563.6 nm. The average power of the reshaped NRZ signal is about 3 dBm at an input power dynamic range of 13 dB. The amplitude fluctuation of the converted PRZ signal is around 1.6 dB.     

Efficient and wavelength-tunable anti-Stokes frequency conversion with good beam quality in the fundamental mode of photonic crystal fiber

Using the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with the zero dispersion wavelength of 848 nm for the fundamental mode, the efficient anti-Stokes signal generations from 645 to 543 nm are realized by pumping in the normal dispersion region. When the pump average power increases from 200 to 500 mW, the output power of the anti-Stokes signal increases 8.46 times, the power ratio of the anti-Stokes signal at 543 nm to the residual pump is calculated as 22.6:1, and the conversion efficiency η in the experiment can be up to 46%. Moreover, good optical beam quality of the anti-Stokes signal can be achieved.     

基于石墨烯的宽带全光空间调制器

提出了单层石墨烯包裹微纳光纤的全光空间调制.石墨烯作为可饱和吸收体包裹在通过二氧化碳激光器加热制备的微纳光纤上,当信号光沿着微纳光纤传输时部分光将以倏逝场的形式沿着微纳光纤表面传递,并与石墨烯产生作用被吸收.同时将波长为808 nm的抽运光从空间垂直入射到石墨烯包裹的微纳光纤处,依据石墨烯的优先吸收特性,通过抽运光控制石墨烯对信号光的吸收,实现了宽带全光空间调制.在1095 nm波长处获得最大调制深度约为6 dB,调制带宽约为50 nm,调制速率约为1.5 kHz.空间全光调制器具有输出信号光“干净”的特点.与传统石墨烯微纳光纤全光调制器相比,输出端不需要对抽运光进行光学滤波而直接获得已调信号.该复合波导全光空间调制器以更为灵活、高效的方式打开了微纳超快信号处理的大门.     

Tunable and reconfigurable photonic microwave filter based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

A high Q-factor photonic microwave filter showing tuning and reshaping capabilities and based on stimulated Brillouin scattering is demonstrated. The filter bandpass can be continuously tuned, changing the microwave oscillator used to generate the pump power, and the filter shape can be modified by modulating the microwave tone. A single bandpass over the microwave spectrum can be obtained by using single-sideband suppressed carrier modulation. Experimental results demonstrate the wide tuning range of the filter, its reshaping capability, and Q factor of 670.     

All-optical burst-mode clock extraction based on the thresholding operation of a modified terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer

To implement all-optical burst-mode clock extraction we adopt a modified terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (MTOAD). The transmittance and reflectance of the MTOAD depend on the input intensity. For the MTOAD, two levels of pulse intensity can be chosen in such a way that while the pulses with similar intensity are reflected for both strong and weak pulses, only the strong pulse transmits. The device is useful, for example, for bit-level clock extraction from a packet, where strong and weak intensity pulses are assigned to ‘1' and ‘0', respectively. When the input optical signal power is fixed to −1.6 dBm and the intensity ratio between ‘1' and ‘0' is varied in the range of 0.2–0.5, the extinction ratio (ER) at the transmitted port is more than 10 dB and a clock amplitude jitter (CAJ) of the bit-level clock at the reflected port is less than 14%. Inversely, when the input power is varied in the range of −6–−1 dBm with fixed intensity ratio of 0.3, more than 11 dB of ER and less than 15% of CAJ are obtained.     

基于色散位移光纤中四波混频效应的2×40 Gb/s全光3R再生系统

利用色散位移光纤(DSF)中四波混频效应在闲频光波长处增益的指数增长特性及增益饱和特性,提出了一种基于恶化信号抽运的2×40Gb/s的双波长全光3R(再放大、再整形、再定时)再生实验方案。对再生原理做了理论分析和实验验证,完成了1550.92nm和1557.36nm两个波长上不同恶化信号的全光再生实验,将恶化信号的接收机灵敏度分别由-20.3dBm、-20.4dBm改善到-27.3dBm、-25.6dBm,灵敏度改善量为7.0dB和5.2dB。系统实验验证了理论分析的结果,对于解决波分复用(WDM)系统中多路信号的同时再生问题提出了一种可行的解决方案。     

A novel 40-Gb/s all-optical inverted wavelength converter based on a modified terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer

A novel scheme for all-optical inverted wavelength conversion with 40-Gb/s pseudorandom bit sequences (PRBSs) based on a modified terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (TOAD) is proposed. The performance of the proposed wavelength converter is analyzed in term of extinction ratio (ER) through numerical simulations. For a typical ER of 10 dB, some key characteristic parameters of the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) are designed. With the properly designed parameters, a high quality eye diagram is achievable, indicating that the amplitude fluctuation of the output signal is effectively reduced.