3 dB桥误差对能量倍增器性能的影响

根据能量倍增器的工作原理,对3 dB桥误差引起的能量倍增器性能变化进行了理论分析,并对BEPC和BEPCⅡ直线加速器所使用能量倍增器的3 dB桥误差进行了讨论,为判断焊接后3 dB桥桥臂波导变形提供了理论参考。结果表明：无论是功率分配不平衡,还是相位关系偏离,都会使部分功率反射回速调管。功率分配不平衡和微波相位关系偏离值越大,则功率倍增因子下降得越多。     

C波段能量倍增器的研制

C波段（5712 MHz）能量倍增器SLED是我国研制的首台C波段能量倍增器。简述了利用三维电磁场仿真软件HFSS和CST对C波段能量倍增器的高品质因数储能腔、耦合孔、3 dB桥等进行优化设计的情况,对加工的能量倍增器做了射频低功率测试,实验测试和理论计算的一致性很好,测试结果表明所有技术参数指标均达到了设计要求。     

C波段能量倍增器的研制

C波段(5712 MHz)能量倍增器——SLED是我国研制的首台C波段能量倍增器。简述了利用三维电磁场仿真软件HFSS和CST对C波段能量倍增器的高品质因数储能腔、耦合孔、3 dB桥等进行优化设计的情况,对加工的能量倍增器做了射频低功率测试,实验测试和理论计算的一致性很好,测试结果表明所有技术参数指标均达到了设计要求。     

基于同轴波导的1分16功分器的设计与实验

针对高功率固态源多路功率分配技术的需要,设计并研究了一种基于同轴波导的多路功率分配器件。通过分析同轴波导传输特性与阻抗匹配理论,利用电磁仿真软件设计了一种S波段1分16功分器模型,并加工出实物进行实验测试。实验结果表明：该功分器在2.28～2.86 GHz,相对带宽约23%频率范围内,输入端反射系数S11≤-15 dB;在2.37～2.57 GHz,相对带宽约8.1%频率范围内,输入端反射系数S11≤-20 dB;输出幅度不平衡度±0.1 dB,相位不平衡度±5°。该功分器满足输出幅度与相位一致性要求,可应用于S波段百瓦级连续波功率分配。     

S波段多路径向线功率分配器的设计与实验

为了实现高功率微波的多路等幅同相功率分配,提出了一种新型的使用单圈探针耦合的多路径向线功率分配器。通过对新型探针耦合特性的分析,设计了一个S波段的16路功率分配器模型,并对该模型进行了数值模拟和实验测量。实验结果表明:该功率分配器在2.55~3.15 GHz的频带范围内,驻波比小于1.4,插入损耗小于0.3 dB,输出幅度不平衡度小于±0.5 dB,输出相位不平衡度小于±5°,可以在较宽的频带内实现微波的等幅同相功率分配。     

S波段多路径向线功率分配器的设计与实验

为了实现高功率微波的多路等幅同相功率分配,提出了一种新型的使用单圈探针耦合的多路径向线功率分配器。通过对新型探针耦合特性的分析,设计了一个S波段的16路功率分配器模型,并对该模型进行了数值模拟和实验测量。实验结果表明：该功率分配器在2.55~3.15 GHz的频带范围内,驻波比小于14,插入损耗小于0.3 dB,输出幅度不平衡度小于±0.5 dB,输出相位不平衡度小于±5°,可以在较宽的频带内实现微波的等幅同相功率分配。     

一种新型的能量倍增器解调谐系统

在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)直线加速器工程中,参考美国SLAC微波脉冲压缩技术,成功地研制了能量倍增器(SLED).该装置自1988年运行以来,一直存在一个隐患,解调谐系统设计有问题,不能随便解谐.BEPCⅡ经常需要长脉冲束流,这就要求能量倍增器能够方便地进行解调谐.为此,参考日本KEK的资料,对目前能量倍增器解调谐系统进行了彻底的改进,完成了新的SLED解调谐系统的研制任务,并在加速器上成功地进行了高功率试运行.     

BEPCⅡ直线加速器的误差和抖动效应

为达到BEPCⅡ 直线加速器的设计指标,系统地研究了误差和抖动(Jitter)效应对束流性能的影响。误差效应包括束流的初始偏轴和聚焦透镜偏轴导致的色差效应;束流的初始偏轴和加速结构偏轴导致的尾场效应等。主要的抖动效应包括相位漂移抖动和高频功率源中调制器电压的抖动影响等。确定了在BEPCⅡ直线加速器上对误差和抖动的限制,如来自电子枪的束流的初始偏轴应小于等于0.3 mm,加速结构和聚焦磁铁的安装误差应小于等于0.2 mm,相位漂移抖动误差应小于等于2°,调制器的电压抖动误差应小于等于0.1%。并进一步确认了必须采用相位控制系统和束流轨道校正系统,以抑制这些误差效应的影响,达到正、负电子束流能散度小于等于0.5% 和电子束束流发射度小于等于0.25 mm·mrad,正电子束束流发射度小于等于1.60 mm·mrad 的设计目标。     

BEPCⅡ直线加速器的误差和抖动效应

为达到BEPCⅡ 直线加速器的设计指标,系统地研究了误差和抖动(Jitter)效应对束流性能的影响。误差效应包括束流的初始偏轴和聚焦透镜偏轴导致的色差效应;束流的初始偏轴和加速结构偏轴导致的尾场效应等。主要的抖动效应包括相位漂移抖动和高频功率源中调制器电压的抖动影响等。确定了在BEPCⅡ直线加速器上对误差和抖动的限制,如来自电子枪的束流的初始偏轴应小于等于0.3 mm,加速结构和聚焦磁铁的安装误差应小于等于0.2 mm,相位漂移抖动误差应小于等于2°,调制器的电压抖动误差应小于等于0.1%。并进一步确认了必须采用相位控制系统和束流轨道校正系统,以抑制这些误差效应的影响,达到正、负电子束流能散度小于等于0.5% 和电子束束流发射度小于等于0.25 mm·mrad,正电子束束流发射度小于等于1.60 mm·mrad 的设计目标。     

能量倍增器法微波脉冲压缩

为了开展S波段能量倍增器脉冲压缩实验,对能量倍增器进行了冷测和热测工作,主要包括对能量倍增器的指标、参数的测量以及在高功率下对能量倍增器的输出功率、功率增益等参数的测量。实验中,完成了微波固态源系统的改造,研制了同步信号控制器,研究了输入输出脉冲宽度对输出峰值功率的影响,并对实验中可能的射频击穿问题进行了研究。在输入功率5 MW时,得到了功率增益7.122,输出脉宽260 ns,输出峰值功率35.35 MW。     

Error and jitter effect studies on the SLED for the BEPC Ⅱ-linac

An RF pulse compressor is a device used to convert a long RF pulse to a short one with a much higher peak RF magnitude. SLED can be regarded as the earliest RF pulse compressor to be used in large-scale linear accelerators. It has been widely studied around the world and applied in the BEPC and BEPC linac for many years. During routine operation, error and jitter effects will deteriorate the performance of SLED, either on the output electromagnetic wave amplitude or phase. The error effects mainly include the frequency drift induced by cooling water temperature variation and the frequency/Q 0 /β unbalances between the two energy storage cavities caused by mechanical fabrication or microwave tuning. The jitter effects refer to the PSK switching phase and time jitters. In this paper, we re-derive the generalized formulae for the conventional SLED used in the BEPC linac, and the error and jitter effects on SLED performance are also investigated.     

Compact multimode interference coupler with tapered waveguide geometry

In this paper, a novel MMI coupler, based on general interference, with tapered waveguide geometry has been proposed for reduction of coupling length. The coupling characteristics and power imbalance of the proposed structure are compared with conventional MMI structures by using a mathematical model based on sinusoidal modes. It is seen that the beat length for tapered MMI coupler with angle of taper ∼1.05° is reduced by ∼24% of that of conventional MMI coupler and the coupling characteristics obtained with the mathematical model, match well with those obtained by more sophisticated BPM computer aided design software. The power imbalance for tapered 3 dB MMI coupler is more sensitive to the wavelength than that for conventional 3 dB MMI coupler and variation of power imbalance with fabrication tolerance for both the MMI coupler is almost same.     

一种耦合度可调节的微波脉冲压缩装置设计及实验

针对有源能量倍增器法(SLED)脉冲压缩实验中对储存能量阶段和释放能量阶段耦合度调节的需求,利用支臂短路波导H-T的调配功能,设计了一种耦合度可调节的SLED脉冲压缩装置。基于散射矩阵理论,分析了支臂短路波导H-T对SLED脉冲压缩装置耦合度的调节能力。利用大功率波导环形器代替3 dB耦合器,进行了基于单储能腔的无源SLED脉冲压缩实验,实验结果表明,支臂短路波导H-T对耦合度的调节能力与理论分析相吻合。     

A New Type of Detuning System of RF Compressors (SLED)

In our SLAC type of RF pulse compressor (SLED), the detuning device works not as well as expected. It happend that the detuning needles sticked to the sleeves when working at detuning mode. Due to this reason, we can not measure its energy multiplication factor. To solve the sticking problem of SLED needles, a prototype of the new SLED detuning system has been developed and it has been operated with high power successfully on BEPC Linac.     

Estimation of the performance of a 3-dB Y-junction optical coupler with a channel profile of proton-exchanged lithium niobate

A 3-dB optical coupler (power splitter) based on a Y-junction waveguide with a channel profile of proton-exchanged lithium niobate has been modeled. Finite difference beam propagation method has been used to investigate light wave propagation in axially varying waveguides. It is found that the structure splits the input power equally at the Y-junction with an efficiency of 99% and an average excess loss ?0.04 dB. The novelty of the coupling structure proposed is its capability to function as a wavelength-independent 3-dB coupler while maintaining very low-power imbalance for widespread optical communication wavelengths of 1.3 and 1.55 µm.     

Microwave System for BEPCⅡ-Linac

Specifications of microwave system for BEPCⅡ-Linac were enhanced by a wide margin in comparison with those of the microwave system for BEPC-Linac. For this reason many RF components must be developed and improved. This paper introduces the developments of SLED detuning system, accelerating section, high power waveguide valve, high power dummy-load, and medium & high power waveguide attenuator/phase shifters. High power operation of the microwave system has been carried out.