高气密性的深紫外LED半无机封装技术

深紫外LED可通过物理方式破坏病毒和细菌的结构，从而获得高效消毒的效果。相比于工艺成熟的蓝光LED，如何提高深紫外LED的封装可靠性和出光率仍是关键问题。本文采用基底预热方式微固化封装胶，结合阵列点胶方式将石英玻璃固定在镀铜围坝，制备了半无机封装的深紫外LED。该器件的输出波长为275 nm，半峰宽约为11 nm。对比传统类透明材料封装的器件，石英封装的深紫外LED有更高的出光率。在真空红墨水和氦气漏率实验中，采用本文提出的半无机封装技术的深紫外LED器件表现出高密封性。此外，在加速老化测试中，该封装器件的光衰速率在20%以内。实验结果表明，对比有机封装的深紫外LED器件，在基底预热条件下，采用阵列点胶固定石英玻璃是现阶段提高深紫外LED可靠性的一种封装方法。     

二氧化钛改性8-羟基喹啉铝对有机电致发光器件抗老化性能的提高

以二氧化钛改性8-羟基喹啉铝复合材料(TiO₂-Alq₃)为发光层制备了有机电致发光器件(OLED).在器件未封装条件下,复合材料TiO₂-Alq₃制备的器件较纯Alq₃制备的器件抗老化性能有所提高.通过化学计量比调控,当钛酸四丁酯与硫酸铝的投料比为1:10时制备的复合材料TiO₂-Alq₃可获得抗老化性能最优的OLED器件.在空气中老化48 h后,该器件亮度仍保持在起始亮度的89.7%,电流效率保持在起始值的76.6%,而纯Alq₃制备的OLED器件在同样测试条件下已失活.     

利用原子层沉积技术实现有机电致发光器件的薄膜封装EI北大核心CSCD

有机电致发光器件(Organic light emitting diode,OLED)具有轻薄、便于携带、自发光、能耗低、亮度更大、柔性显示等特点,可以增加显示产品的附加值,因此被科学和产业界广泛关注。然而,OLED器件中的有机材料对空气中的水汽和氧气十分敏感,若器件在无封装保护的情况下长期在空气中存放,将会严重影响OLED的工作性能和寿命。除了选择合适的传输层材料、表面层结构和利用界面工程提高材料水氧耐受能力之外,对器件进行可靠的封装是隔绝空气中水汽和氧气侵蚀的一种有效手段。原子层沉积(Atomic layer deposition,ALD)是一种已经在实验室验证的有效薄膜沉积封装技术,由于ALD的自限制反应特性,可以在低温下沉积出厚度精确可控且均匀致密的薄膜,利用ALD沉积的薄膜往往拥有良好的机械柔性、超高的阻隔性能和光学透过率。本文将回顾原子层沉积技术的原理,分析ALD制备薄膜的水汽透过率,比较ALD在单层、有机-无机叠层薄膜封装制备上的技术优势。     

水蒸气退火多孔硅发光性能的正电子谱学研究

使用正电子湮没寿命谱和正电子寿命-动量关联谱对水蒸气和真空条件下退火的多孔硅样品的微观缺陷结构进行表征,结合发射光谱测量结果,对影响多孔硅发光性能的因素进行了讨论.实验结果表明,水蒸气退火后样品孔壁表面的悬挂键减少,并出现新的E′γ和EX类缺陷.水蒸气退火后样品中两种缺陷数量发生变化是导致多孔硅样品发光增强的直接原因;真空退火未使样品中发光相关缺陷发生变化,样品的发光性能没有显著改变.     

有机/有机界面污染对有机电致发光器件稳定性的影响(英文)

有机电致发光器件的稳定性是其实用化面临的主要难题之一。为了研究有机/有机界面性质对有机电致发光器件稳定性的影响,采用溶液旋涂的NPB(NPBSC)作为器件的空穴传输层制备了两种异质结电致发光器件:ITO/NPBSC/Alq3/LiF/Al和ITO/NPBSC/NPB/Alq3/LiF/Al,对比研究了器件的发光性能和工作稳定性。研究结果表明:完全使用NPBSC作为空穴传输层的器件性能和稳定性都较差,这归因于不稳定的NPBSC/Alq3界面,在空气中旋涂制备NPB层时,空气中的水蒸气和氧气分子会粘附在空穴传输层表面,这样就会引起界面处Alq3分子的发光猝灭。插入10 nm真空蒸镀的NPB层可以显著地提高器件的发光性能和稳定性,10 nm的NPB层把污染界面与激子复合区界面分开,避免了水蒸气和氧气分子对Alq3分子的发光猝灭,器件的效率增加了1.15 cd/A,半衰期寿命提高了4倍。     

新型共轭聚合物PFO-BT15发光二极管的电老化研究

PFO-BT15是一种电致发光中心波长为550 nm的新型共轭高分子聚合物材料,将其制成发光二极管器件,结构为ITO玻璃/聚合物PEDOT(120 nm)/有机聚合物PFO-BT15(80 nm)/Ba(4 nm)/Al(200 nm),用环氧树脂对阴极侧进行了封装,以减少氧气和水分的进入,从而影响器件的发光性能。在室温环境下对同样的器件进行不同电流密度的电老化处理,记录器件的电流电压曲线,再对老化的样品做电致发光和喇曼光谱测试。实验发现：一方面,通过器件恒定电流的大小影响器件的电压变化速度;另一方面,器件经过一定长时间的电老化,电致发光中心波长变化较小。通过啦曼光谱的测试,推断是因为PEDOT阳极的破损导致了器件的最终发光失败,而器件发光层材料的结构保持相对稳定,说明这种结构的聚合物有着相对稳定的光电性能,对于提高材料发光的稳定性提供了有价值的信息,有助于其他高效发光材料的合成以及稳定性的提高。     

用于光通信的高速响应有机电致发光器件

采用直接光强调制的方法,建立了一种新型有机电致发光器件(OLED)的光电信号传输体系,研究了发光层掺杂、发光面积和预置电压对OLED响应速度的影响。结果发现:与发光层为单独的Alq3的器件相比较,掺杂rubrene的发光层的荧光寿命较短,响应较快;减小OLED的发光面积能提高OLED的响应速度,并在0.02 mm2的发光面积上实现了100 Mbit/s的信号传输速度;同时,预置直流电压也能改善OLED的响应速度。最后,提出将柔性OLED与聚合物波导及有机光电二极管结合,实现了一种全有机的柔性光电子体系。     

基于HAT-CN/m-MTDATA中间连接层的叠层OLED光电性能研究

有机发光二极管(Organic light-emitting diode,OLED)已广泛应用于手机等中小屏幕,叠层层OLED作为提升器件寿命、亮度和效率的方法倍受关注．以n型材料HAT-CN和p型材料m-MTDATA构筑中间连接层、NPB/C545T∶Alq₃/Alq₃为发光单元,通过多源真空沉积系统制备叠层OLED．器件的光电性能表明：150mA·cm^-2电流密度下,叠层器件的电流效率(5.7cd/A)和发光亮度(8 557cd·m^-2)可达常规器件(2.3cd/A,3 460cd·m^-2)的2.5倍,实现了低驱动电流密度下的高亮度和高效率．     

OLED薄膜干燥剂的制备及其对OLED的影响

有机电致发光显示器对水和氧气非常敏感,渗入器件后会和有机功能层及电极材料反应而影响器件的寿命及稳定性。本文提出了一种液体可涂覆干燥剂的制备方法,采用了氯化物干燥剂和价格低廉的阳离子成膜剂结合合成一种具有很好成膜性、且吸水效果很强的涂覆干燥剂。封装240 h后,使用薄膜干燥剂的器件的亮度分别为平均值的103.5%、83.3%以及119.8%,效率为平均值的130.7%、65.6%以及126.0%。与传统干燥剂相比,该薄膜干燥剂的吸湿效果更佳,且可延缓OLED的老化。     

采用热处理方法提高MEH-PPV单层聚合物有机发光二极管发光性能的研究

对以MEH－PPV为发光层的单层聚合物有机发光二极管（OLED）器件在最佳条件下进行真空热处理，并用金相显微镜观察施加电压后器件的阴极表面形貌。发现处理后的器件阴极表面的气泡及黑斑明显减少。器件的发光性能显著提高。与未经处理的器件相比，最大相对发光强度提高了一个数量级、启亮电压降低了2．0V，半寿命提高了12．7倍。初步分析表明热处理方法提高器件发光性能的主要原因在于有效地减少了器件在工作过程中由于焦耳热产生的某些气体，从而减少阴极表面气泡及黑斑的出现，另一方面，热处理方法也增强了有机发光层与阴极接触界面的结合力，提高电子注入水平。     

Characteristics of VUV ionizer in a vacuum chamber of flat panel displays

Flat panel displays are often exposed to the electrostatic damage during various panel manufacturing processes. In this paper, we report the electrostatic discharge failure in a unique process condition of OLED display process during which the substrate of OLED display is turned over while in the vacuum chucking condition. In order to solve this failure, we adopted newly developed technology of VUV (Vacuum Ultraviolet) radiation to neutralize the electrostatic electricity. This technology generates ions and electrons by ionizing residual molecules in vacuum chamber such that it enables the charged substrates to be neutralized in the chamber. While this new neutralization method is certainly effective in high vacuum process, the lifetime and performance of the VUV ionizer are not validated. To understand the lifetime and performance of VUV ionizer, we conducted the experiments in the vacuum chamber of an 8th generation display facility with various operating time of UV lamp. We analyzed the characteristic of VUV lamp and suggested the neutralization mechanism of VUV ionizer in a low pressure. Based on the experiments, this new neutralization method performs well under the high vacuum environment and is able to completely reduce the electrostatic potential down to 0 V within a short time.     

紫外转化的PPV薄膜电致发光性质的研究

PPV是一种常用的高荧光效率的黄绿色的电致发光共轭聚合物,因为PPV不易溶解于有机溶剂,所以在有机电致发光(OLEDs)中PPV薄膜的制备通常是PPV的预聚体旋涂成膜,然后在高温、真空条件下转化成PPV薄膜。这种高温转化制膜的方法无法对其进行掺杂,限制了PPV在OLED中的应用。文章利用紫外光照射,PPV预聚体薄膜在室温和真空条件下转化成PPV薄膜,它与热处理得到的PPV薄膜的光致发光(PL)和拉曼(Raman)光谱一致;利用这种方法制备了非掺杂和红色荧光染料掺杂的有机电致发光器件,实现了以PPV为主体和能量给体的不同染料的掺杂发光,并获得绿色和橙色的电致发光。电致发光器件的发光效率和发光强度还有待进一步提高。     

环氧树脂胶的太赫兹光谱特性研究

环氧树脂是纤维增强复合材料加工中的一种重要的胶粘剂,太赫兹时域光谱技术已成为纤维增强复合材料无损检测的有力补充手段。固化温度是环氧树脂的重要参数之一,不同的固化温度会影响环氧树脂胶的性能,因此采用太赫兹时域光谱技术分别对室温和高温下固化的环氧树脂胶的太赫兹透射光谱特性进行了系统研究,计算得到了不同温度下固化的环氧树脂胶的折射率和吸收系数,并进行了对比分析。研究表明,由于室温下固化的环氧树脂样本基本没有气泡,而高温下固化的样本存在微量气泡,气泡的存在降低了样品的密度,因此室温下固化的环氧树脂胶样品的折射率和吸收系数均大于高温下固化的样品。在同种固化条件下制备的不同样品间折射率差别较小,同时,室温下固化不同样品间的吸收系数差别亦较小,但高温下固化样品间的吸收系数在0.6～1.5 THz差别逐渐变大,这主要是因为高温下制备的不同样本间的气泡分布不均匀,即密度分布存在差异。室温和高温下固化样品的吸收系数在整体上均随着频率的增加而增加,并且没有明显的吸收峰。此外,由于法布里-珀罗干涉效应的存在,导致有些厚环氧树脂样本的能量透过率在共振峰处要远大于薄样本。该研究对纤维增强复合材料的太赫兹无损检测具有重要的研究意义。     

Electroluminescence from hybrid organic–inorganic LEDs based on thermally evaporated CdS thin films

Hybrid organic–inorganic light emitting devices combine the color purity and durability of inorganic light emitting diodes (LEDs) with high efficiency, flexibility and low processing cost of organic LEDs (OLEDs). A significant challenge is to incorporate inorganic nanocrystals inside the OLED structure. In the present work, thin films of CdS were successfully incorporated inside standard OLED structure using vacuum thermal evaporation technique. For the characterization of these films, they were deposited on plain glass plates at room temperature and studied using structural (XRD and TEM), morphological (SEM and AFM) and optical (UV and PL) techniques. The films were found to be composed of nanocrystals of CdS in which the size of the crystals increased with the increase in film thickness. The hybrid organic–inorganic LEDs showed improved luminance and efficiency as compared to the organic LED without CdS layers.     

Fabrication and implementation of large-area organic light-emitting-diode devices on direct patterned backplanes

In this paper, we report on a new cost-effective fabrication technology for large-area organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices that we have developed. We fabricated OLED lighting devices on a directly patterned backplane using a dry process without employing conventional photolithography patterning technology. The indium–tin-oxide (ITO) anode, metal cathode, insulator, and emissive organic layer patterns were all formed directly on the substrates during the sputtering and evaporation steps by using a shadow mask without using etching or lift-off methods. We fabricated and characterized green phosphorescent emission OLED devices with an emission area of 30 × 120 mm², based on backplanes formed by direct patterning technology. Application of direct patterning technology reduced the total number of processing steps to 4 from the 26 steps required by conventional photo-patterning technology, making it possible to reduce large-scale production cost. Although the process steps were reduced considerably, the typical characteristics were comparable to those of photo-patterned OLEDs. Furthermore, the lifetime of the OLEDs based on direct patterned backplane was observed to be 27,200 h, which is approximately 97% of the lifetime of conventionally patterned OLEDs.     

Development of organic light‐emitting diodes for electro‐optical integrated devices

Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are discussed for electro‐optical integrated devices that are used for optical signal transmission. Organic optical devices including polymeric optical fibers are used for optical communication applications to realize polymeric electro‐optical integrated devices. The OLEDs were fabricated by vacuum process, i.e. the organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) technique or a solution process on a polymeric or a glass substrate, for comparison. Optical signals faster than 100 MHz have been created by applying pulsed voltage directly to the OLED utilizing rubrene doped in 8‐hydoxyquinolinum aluminum (Alq₃), as an emissive layer. OLEDs fabricated by solution process utilizing rubrene doped in carrier‐transporting materials have also discussed. OLEDs utilizing polymeric materials by solution process are also fabricated and discussed. Moving‐picture signals are transmitted utilizing both vacuum‐ and solution‐processed OLEDs, respectively.     

微米水合氧化铝/环氧复合材料脉冲真空闪络影响因素

 研究了微米Al₂O₃·3H₂O/环氧复合材料的脉冲真空闪络影响因素。分别给出了固化剂、分散方法、偶联剂对复合材料闪络特性的影响和纯环氧表面抛光前后的脉冲真空闪络特性。实验结果表明:酸酐固化的试样比胺类固化试样闪络电压要高;高速分散方法与超声波分散方法相比,采用前者制备的复合材料有更好的分散特性;使用偶联剂处理填料比不使用时得到的环氧复合材料闪络电压高;抛光后的纯环氧试样有较高的闪络电压。     

The formation of molecular hydrogen through photolysis of water vapor in the presence of oxygen

1. A light source was constructed for the investigation of the photolysis of water vapor. A xenon discharge arc of a pressure of about 50 mm in a thin wall quartz tubing was used. 2. Molecular hydrogen formed from water vapor in the presence of other gases was measured by employing tritium as a tracer. A vacuum system was constructed, allowing the separation of water vapor from hydrogen to better than 10^?8 parts, and the counting of tritiated hydrogen in a Geiger counter. All measurements were carried out in a semi-quantitative way and it was found that the light source and the technique of measuring small amounts of free hydrogen by employing a tritium tracer can be used effectively for further studies of the reactions involving hydrogen and water. 3. Self-decomposition of tritiated water vapor with and without addition of oxygen was measured and was found to be negligible under the particular conditions of the experiments over periods of several months. 4. The photochemically induced exchange of tritium between tritiated water vapor and molecular hydrogen was studied. The quantum yield of this exchange was found to be under the conditions of the experiments of the order of one and probably slightly larger than one. 5. It was possible to demonstrate the formation of free hydrogen from the photolysis of water vapor in the presence of oxygen and to measure these amounts as a function of oxygen pressure. The steady state concentrations of H₂ formed from water vapor by irradiation in the presence of oxygen under the influence of UV light were found to be smaller than expected. 6. Photochemical oxidation of H₂ by O₂ under the particular conditions of the experiments and at pressures of about one millimeter was found to have a quantum yield of the order of magnitude of one.     

超高真空系统中GaAlAs光电阴极的重新铯化研究

为了探索在超高真空系统中使用稳定性和重复性好的光电阴极,开展了金属有机化学气相沉积生长的反射式GaAlAs和GaAs光电阴极的激活实验和重新铯化实验,测试了Cs/O激活后和重新补Cs后的光谱响应曲线和光电流衰减曲线.实验结果表明,在100 lx白光照射条件下,超高真空环境中的GaAlAs光电阴极在Cs/O激活后和重新补Cs激活后的光电流衰减寿命相比GaAs光电阴极更长,并且在多次补Cs激活后呈现较一致的蓝绿光响应能力和光电流衰减寿命,体现了GaAlAs光电阴极在真空系统中稳定性和可重复性使用方面具有的优越性,为海洋真空探测器件和真空电子源领域的研究提供了实验指导.     

新型腰果酚基不饱和树脂的结构及其紫外光固化行为的红外光谱研究

以天然产物腰果酚为原料,利用其酚羟基与环氧基的反应活性,通过开环醚化反应制备了两种腰果酚基不饱和树脂单体。通过傅里叶红外光谱研究了合成过程中主要活性基团的变化,结合核磁共振氢谱及凝胶渗透色谱分析进一步确定了合成树脂单体的分子结构,并利用红外光谱法对树脂单体的紫外光固化行为进行了研究,且对其光固化物进行了热重分析。研究表明：分子结构分析确认了目标产物的成功合成,树脂单体的分子结构以及不饱和双键含量对树脂的固化速度和固化物的热稳定性有着重要影响,两种单体在30 s内均已基本达到最高固化水平,光固化物的主分解初始温度均可达到350 ℃以上。