广义色散Camassa-Holm模型的奇异孤子

引进一类广义色散Camassa-Holm模型，对其做奇异性分析.通过改进的WTC-Kruskal算法，证明该模型在Painlevé意义下可积，得到了它的一组Painlevé-Bcklund系统和Bcklund变换.应用Maple进行代数运算，得到了丰富的规则(regular)孤子和一类奇异(singular)孤子，扭结(kink)孤子,紧孤子(compacton)和反紧孤子(anti-compacton).特别地，推导出一类在扭结孤子的中间区域包含有一列周期尖点(cuspon)波的奇异结构.在这些规则的孤子系统的基础上，对可积广义系统应用Bcklund变换，得到三类奇异孤子，分别是具有驼峰结构的周期爆破波，具有爆破波结构的扭结孤子和紧孤子. 关键词： 广义Camassa-Holm 模型 周期尖点波 紧孤子 周期爆破波     

奇异物质与暗能量作用的sine-Gordon孤子星模型

研究了具有奇异物质和暗能量作用的sine-Gordon孤子星模型,根据场方程计算了物态方程的解和星体质量,发现物质密度和压强与孤子态和星体质量有关.另外,还对星体平衡和暗能量的稳定性质进行了分析和讨论,结果表明孤子星内部以奇异物质与暗能量的混合态形式存在. 关键词： 奇异物质 暗能量 sine-Gordon孤子星     

mBBM方程的双扭结孤立波及其动力学稳定性

采用双曲函数展开法得到Modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony（mBBM）方程的一类扭结-反扭结状的双扭结孤立波解,在不同的极限情况下,此孤立波分别退化为mBBM方程的扭结状和钟状孤立波解.对双扭结型单孤子的结构特征进行分析,构造有限差分格式对其动力学稳定性进行数值研究.有限差分格式为两层隐式格式,在线性化意义下无条件稳定.数值结果表明mBBM方程的双扭结型单孤子在不同类型的扰动下均具有很强的稳定性.对双孤立波的碰撞进行数值模拟,发现既存在弹性碰撞也存在非弹性碰撞.     

mKdV方程的双扭结单孤子及其稳定性研究

基于双曲函数法的思想,通过选择新的展开函数,得到了modified Korteweg-de Vries(mKdV)方程的几类精确解,其中一类为具有扭结—反扭结状结构的双扭结单孤子解.在不同的极限情况下,该解分别退化为mKdV方程的扭结状或钟状孤波解.文中对双扭结型孤子解的稳定性进行了数值研究,结果表明:在长波和短波简谐波扰动、钟型孤立波扰动与随机扰动下,该孤子均稳定.     

三体作用下准一维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中表面带隙孤子及其稳定性

数值研究了具有三体相互作用的均匀介质界面和半无限雅克比椭圆正弦势下准一维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(Bose-Einstein condensate,BEC)中的表面带隙孤子及其稳定性.在平均场近似下,其动力学行为可用3次-5次Gross-Pitaevskii方程描述.首先用牛顿-共轭梯度法寻找表面带隙孤子,发现表面亮孤子仅当化学势小于0时才可于带隙内激发,但表面扭结孤子和气泡孤子既可存在于带隙中也可存在于能带中.然后采用线性稳定性分析和非线性动力学演化研究了孤子的稳定性,结果表明三体相互作用会明显影响表面亮孤子的稳定性,表面扭结孤子既有稳定的也有不稳定的,但表面气泡孤子均不稳定.     

Sine-Gordon方程的微扰问题

运用经典摄动理论中的多重尺度法和数学物理方法中常用的拉普拉斯变换法,求解了sine-Gordon方程的微扰问题,得到了不含长期项的一级修正解和孤子参数随时间的缓慢变化关系- 关键词：     

环形Josephson结中圆对称孤子解的微扰分析

本文用微扰方法,研究环形Josephson结中有扰动情形下sine-Gordon方程的圆对称孤子解,得到孤子的动力学方程的解析形式。所得的I—V曲线(第一零场台阶)与数值计算结果符合得很好。 关键词：     

修正cKdV方程组的孤立波结构及其稳定性

利用函数展开法求解修正耦合KdV(Coupled KdV,cKdV)方程组,得到几类孤立波解,包括扭结型-钟型、双扭结型、双钟型以及双扭结-双钟型结构的单孤子解.在不同的极限情况下,这些解分别退化为修正cKdV方程的扭结状或钟状孤波解.对孤立波的稳定性进行了数值研究,结果表明:修正cKdV方程既存在稳定的孤立波解,也存在不稳定的孤立波解.     

组合KdV方程的双扭结孤立波及其稳定性研究

利用扩展的双曲函数法得到了combined KdV-mKdV (cKdV)方程的几类精确解,其中一类为具有扭结—反扭结状结构的双扭结单孤子解.在不同的极限情况下,该解分别退化为cKdV方程的扭结状或钟状孤波解.理论分析表明,cKdV方程既有传播型孤立波解,也有非传播型孤立波解.文中对双扭结型孤立波解的稳定性进行了数值研究,结果表明,cKdV方程既存在稳定的双扭结型孤立波,也存在不稳定的双扭结型孤立波. 关键词： cKdV方程 双扭结单孤子 稳定性     

计及次近邻作用时一维格子的非线性元激发

同时考虑次近邻谐振相互作用和三次方、四次方非谐相互作用,利用多重尺度结合准离散近似方法去计算晶格振动行为,发现一维非线性点阵中存在包络孤子及正扭结型包络孤子、反扭结型包络孤子,解释了自局域结构的幅度只取决于点阵中的固有参数的实验现象 关键词： 非线性点阵 非谐相互作用 扭结型包络孤子     

The window Josephson junction: a coupled linear nonlinear system

We investigate the interface coupling between the two-dimensional sine-Gordon equation and the two-dimensional wave equation in the context of a Josephson window junction using a finite volume numerical method and soliton perturbation theory. The geometry of the domain as well as the electrical coupling parameters are considered. When the linear region is located at each end of the nonlinear domain, we derive an effective one-dimensional model, and using soliton perturbation theory, compute the fixed points that can trap either a kink or antikink at an interface between two sine-Gordon media. This approximate analysis is validated by comparing with the solution of the partial differential equation and describes kink motion in the one-dimensional window junction. Using this, we analyze steady-state kink motion and derive values for the average speed in the one- and two-dimensional systems. Finally, we show how geometry and the coupling parameters can destabilize kink motion.     

Solutions of local fractional sine-Gordon equations

In this paper, we study sine-Gordon equation in order to obtain exact solitary wave solutions in the domain of fractional calculus. By using the definition of conformable fractional derivative, we obtain analytical solutions of time, space and time-space fractional sine-Gordon equations. We analyze graphically the effect of fractional order on evolution of the kink and antikink type solitons.     

Massless and quantized modes of kinks in the phase space of superconducting gaps

We investigated quantized modes of kinks in the phase space of superconducting gaps in a superconductor with multiple gaps. The kink is described by the sine-Gordon model in a two-gap superconductor and by the double sine-Gordon model in a three-gap superconductor. A fractional-flux vortex exists at the edge of the kink, and a fractional-flux vortex will be stable in a three-gap superconductor with time-reversal symmetry breaking. The kink and fractional-flux vortex exhibit massless modes as a sliding motion. We show further that there are one zero-energy mode (massless mode) and quantized excitation modes in kinks, which are characteristic features of multi-gap superconductors. The equation of quantized modes for the double sine-Gordon model is solved numerically. The correction to the ground-state energy is calculated based on the renormalization theory.     

Kink-antikink interactions in the double sine-Gordon equation and the problem of resonance frequencies

We studied the kink-antikink collision process for the "double sine-Gordon" (DSG) equation in 1+1 dimensions at different values of the potential parameter R>0. For small values of R we discuss the problem of resonance frequencies. We give qualitative explanation of the frequency shift in comparison with the frequency of the discrete level in the potential well of isolated kink. We show that in this region of the parameter R the effective long-range interaction between kink and antikink takes place.     

Ginzburg–Landau theory of multi-band superconductivity and applications to Fe pnictides

We investigate multi-component superconductors, in relation to iron pnictides, by using the Ginzburg–Landau theory. We show that a three-band superconductor exhibits several significant properties that are not found in single-band or two-band superconductors. The frustrating pairing interaction among Fermi surfaces may lead to a time-reversal symmetry broken pairing state. In fact, we have a solution with time-reversal symmetry breaking, that is, a chiral solution when there is such a frustration. The Ginzburg–Landau equation for three-component superconductors leads to a double sine-Gordon equation. A kink solution exists to this equation that results in the existence of fractional-quantum flux vortices on the domain wall.     

Kink dynamics in the medium with a random force and dissipation in the sine-Gordon model

Within the formalism of the Fokker-Planck equation, the influence of nonstationary external force, random force, and dissipation effects on the kink dynamics is investigated in the sine-Gordon model. The equation of evolution of the kink momentum is obtained in the form of the stochastic differential equation in the Stratonovich sense within the framework of the well-known McLaughlin and Scott energy approach. The corresponding Fokker-Planck equation for the momentum distribution function coincides with the equation describing the Ornstein-Uhlenbek process with a regular nonstationary external force. The influence of the nonlinear stochastic effects on the kink dynamics is considered with the help of the Fokker-Planck nonlinear equation with the shift coefficient dependent on the first moment of the kink momentum distribution function. Expressions are derived for average value and variance of the momentum. Examples are considered which demonstrate the influence of the external regular and random forces on the evolution of the average value and variance of the kink momentum. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 2, pp. 44–51, February, 2008.     

Internal mode dynamics in driven nonlinear Klein-Gordon systems

We study analytically and numerically the action of a constant force on the propagation of kinks in the φ⁴ and sine-Gordon systems, with and without dissipation. We specifically investigate the relation of the external force with the oscillations of the kink width due to excitation of its internal mode or quasimode. We demonstrate that both dc force and dissipation, either jointly or separately, damp the oscillations of the kink width. We further prove that, in contrast to earlier predictions, those oscillations can only arise if we use a distorted kink as initial condition for the evolution. Finally, we show that for the φ⁴ system the oscillations of the kink width come from the excitation of its internal mode, whereas in the sG equation they originate in the excitation of the lowest radiational modes and an internal mode induced by the discreteness of the numerical simulations. Received 6 June 2000     

Thermal diffusion of sine-Gordon solitons

We analyze the diffusive motion of kink solitons governed by the thermal sine-Gordon equation. We analytically calculate the correlation function of the position of the kink center as well as the diffusion coefficient, both up to second-order in temperature. We find that the kink behavior is very similar to that obtained in the overdamped limit: There is a quadratic dependence on temperature in the diffusion coefficient that comes from the interaction among the kink and phonons, and the average value of the wave function increases with due to the variance of the centers of individual realizations and not due to kink distortions. These analytical results are fully confirmed by numerical simulations. Received 4 October 1999 and Received in final form 3 February 2000     

Exact and numerical solutions to the perturbed sine-Gordon equation

We present numerical and analytic solutions to the perturbed sine-Gordon equation, which models long Josephson tunnel junctions. We make comparisons between numerical results and results obtained from perturbational methods. We present unstable, analytic kink solutions to the equation and further a solution, which is an array of kinks, corresponding to a solution, where the current through the junction is larger than the critical current.