一种改进人工蜂群的分数阶PID控制器优化算法

摘 要：针对分数阶PID控制器参数整定过程参数多复杂性大,传统靠经验试凑的方法不易实现且优化效果差的问题,提出了一种改进的人工蜂群算法,实现分数阶PID控制器参数的整定.该算法通过改进人工蜂群算法中搜索方程,并引入一个淘汰机制,对分数阶控制器参数进行群智能搜索,将搜索到的参数送至分数阶PID控制器中反复迭代,以带有权值的误差绝对值积分指标（AIE）作为人工蜂群寻优的目标函数,最后得出控制器.本文以非线性系统为被控对象,经过实例仿真,验证了该算法实现的控制器比传统整数阶控制器和未改进的人工蜂群算法实现的分数阶控制器的动态性能和稳态性能都有所提高,在超调、上升时间、振荡性方面都优于未改进算法.     

基于分数阶PID的连续变焦控制系统设计与实现

连续变焦系统是一种能够进行连续视场变换的光电成像装置，可对目标进行连续探测和识别，具有快速、稳定的特点。针对其高精度，高稳定控制需求，提出一种分数阶PID(proportion integration differentiation)控制器设计方法，该方法利用内模控制策略构造含有3个整定参数的分数阶PID控制器，且这3个参数通过给定系统穿越频率和相位裕度获得，大大简化了分数阶PID控制器的设计，同时提高了控制器的可实现性。在Matlab平台同传统整数阶PID进行了控制效果对比，仿真结果表明：分数阶PID控制器将稳态误差由0.1 mm提升至0 mm，具有抗干扰性强、鲁棒性强、数字实现后无超调、静差小的特点。最后将数字分数阶PID应用于实际的连续变焦系统，系统可获得清晰稳定的图像，验证了控制策略的有效性。     

基于感知模糊自适应蚁群算法的非线性PID控制

随着系统复杂度的提高和对象不确定性因素的增加,为克服线性PID动态性能和稳态性能差的缺陷,分析了非线性PID控制器各控制参数对误差的理想变化过程,构造非线性PID控制器。由于增益参数大量增加,传统参数优化方法不再适用,在分析蚁群算法的基础上,提出了基于感知自适应蚁群算法,并加入模糊自适应信息素更新机制,用于优化非线性PID控制器的设计方法。通过仿真实验将该控制器与基于蚁群算法的非线性PID控制器和基于蚁群算法、Z-N法的PID控制器进行对比,并对控制性能和收敛性能进行了分析,结果表明该算法有效克服了传统蚁群算法收敛速度较慢、容易陷入局部最优而停滞的缺陷,该控制器具有更好的动态性能和稳态性能。     

基于改进自适应萤火虫群算法的空调送风温度优化控制

为了提高变风量空调(VAV)送风温度系统的控制精度,减少冷冻水系统能耗,提出一种基于改进自适应萤火虫群算法(AGSO)优化的PID控制策略.建立被控对象数学模型,引入混沌搜索和变异策略,改善基本萤火虫群算法后期容易陷入震荡和局部最优的问题,利用改进自适应萤火虫群算法对冷冻水阀-送风温度PID控制进行优化.实验结果表明:...     

基于模型降阶的最优分数阶PID控制器设计

由于一些受控对象较为复杂或者模型系统阶次较高,使得控制器的设计变得非常困难,这会造成控制系统的鲁棒性和动态特性下降;文章在H₂范数模型降阶的基础上提出一种新的降阶模型结构,它可以使降阶后的模型扩展到分数阶并且更加精确地逼近各种高阶系统,并以降阶后模型的幅频、相频和对象增益变化的鲁棒特性为约束条件进行最优分数阶PID控制器的设计;仿真实验证明,与原有闭环控制系统相比,基于模型降阶的最优分数阶PID控制器控制下的闭环系统具有更好的动态性能,并且鲁棒性较强。     

基于动态布谷鸟搜索算法的PID控制器参数优化

针对传统PID控制器参数优化费时且不能保证获得最佳性能,提出一种基于动态布谷鸟搜索算法的PID控制器参数优化方法。布谷鸟搜索算法(CS)具有参数少、搜索能力强等特点,但是标准布谷鸟搜索算法参数采用固定值,极大地影响了算法的性能,因此提出了动态布谷鸟搜索算法(DCS),DCS算法采用动态参数,算法性能明显改善。仿真试验结果表明基于动态布谷鸟搜索算法的PID控制器具有较好的控制性能指标。     

基于蚁群算法的车身振动主动控制研究

针对乘用车车身结构振动抑制问题,采用基于蚁群算法的参数自适应PID控制器,以压电元件为测量和控制元件,进行了振动主动控制仿真和实验研究;首先对白车身结构进行实验模态分析,确定了压电元件的布片位置并确定压电控制的传递关系,然后设计基于蚁群算法的PID参数自适应控制器,制定了控制方案,进行了模拟仿真分析,最后搭建试验平台,以某国产乘用车白车身为被控结构,进行了车身振动主动控制实验;系统仿真和实验结果表明,施加控制时车身的振动幅值较未施加控制时大幅减小,在振动幅值较大的低频区域,其振动幅值明显降低;从而验证了应用基于蚁群算法的参数自适应PID控制技术,不仅可以有效降低车身的振动幅度,而且对传统控制方法控制效果不佳的振动低频区域,控制效果明显。     

强磁场链式电力滤波器的均压控制与仿真

针对稳态强磁场超导磁体装置的链式高压有源电力滤波方案规划,提出一种三级电容均压控制方法,并基于有源滤波系统的非线性特性,采用分数阶PI 控制器代替普通PI 控制器;基于改进的Oustaloup 算法,完成分数阶积分的求解。通过仿真与实验对比分析了分数阶PI 与常规PI 控制器的运行效果,经仿真和实验均表明直流均压控制策略是可行的。     

基于PSO 实现的级联H 桥七电平APF 在外超导电源中的研究

针对强磁场实验装置(SHMFF)的链式高压有源电力滤波方案规划,基于有源滤波系统的非线性特性, 采用分数阶值。PI 控制器替代普通PI 控制器,在此基础上引入粒子群算法优化指令电流PI 控制器参数,并通过 实验对比分析了人工整定的PI 控制器与PSO 整定的PI 控制器的运行效果。经样机实验表明,采用的PSO 算法 整定的电流内环控制器是正确的,且具有一定的参考价值。     

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针对强磁场实验装置(SHMFF)的链式高压有源电力滤波方案规划,基于有源滤波系统的非线性特性, 采用分数阶值。PI 控制器替代普通PI 控制器,在此基础上引入粒子群算法优化指令电流PI 控制器参数,并通过 实验对比分析了人工整定的PI 控制器与PSO 整定的PI 控制器的运行效果。经样机实验表明,采用的PSO 算法 整定的电流内环控制器是正确的,且具有一定的参考价值。     

A Simplified Fractional Order PID Controller’s Optimal Tuning: A Case Study on a PMSM Speed Servo

A simplified fractional order PID (FOPID) controller is proposed by the suitable definition of the parameter relation with the optimized changeable coefficient. The number of the pending controller parameters is reduced, but all the proportional, integral, and derivative components are kept. The estimation model of the optimal relation coefficient between the controller parameters is established, according to which the optimal FOPID controller parameters can be calculated analytically. A case study is provided, focusing on the practical application of the simplified FOPID controller to a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed servo. The dynamic performance of the simplified FOPID control system is tested by motor speed control simulation and experiments. Comparisons are performed between the control systems using the proposed method and those using some other existing methods. According to the simulation and experimental results, the simplified FOPID control system achieves the optimal dynamic performance. Therefore, the validity of the proposed controller structure and tuning method is demonstrated.     

Fractional-order optimal fuzzy control for network delay

Fuzzy logic control has been used frequently in tuning network control system (NCS) due to its on-line dynamic static non-linear match and several remarkable fractional-order controllers have achieved satisfactory control performance when applied to NCS in present years, therefore, in this paper, a novel fractional fuzzy logic controller which combined the fractional algorithm and fuzzy logic control together has been proposed to deal with fixed and random network induced delays in closed-loop feedback systems. The comparisons of set-point tracking performances of fractional fuzzy logic PID controller (FFuzzyPID), conventional fuzzy logic PID controller(FuzzyPID), fractional optimal PID controller (FOPID), and optimal PID controller(OPID) on a representative plant with fixed and random network delays have been shown with simulations. The simulation results indicate that fractional fuzzy logic controller has higher capability to handle network delays compared with other controllers in most cases.     

Active vibration control using optimized modified acceleration feedback with Adaptive Line Enhancer for frequency tracking

Modified acceleration feedback (MAF) control, an active vibration control method that uses collocated piezoelectric actuators and accelerometer is developed and its gains optimized using an optimal controller. The control system consists of two main parts: (1) frequency adaptation that uses Adaptive Line Enhancer (ALE) and (2) an optimized controller. Frequency adaptation method tracks the frequency of vibrations using ALE. The obtained frequency is then fed to MAF compensators. This provides a unique feature for MAF, by extending its domain of capabilities from controlling a certain mode of vibrations to any excited mode. The optimized MAF controller can provide optimal sets of gains for a wide range of frequencies, based on the characteristics of the system. The experimental results show that the frequency tracking method works quite well and fast enough to be used in a real-time controller. ALE parameters are numerically and experimentally investigated and tuned for optimized frequency tracking. The results also indicate that the MAF can provide significant vibration reduction using the optimized controller. The control power varies for vibration suppression at different resonance frequencies; however, it is always optimized.     

压电驱动快速反射镜的自适应反演滑模控制

由压电驱动器驱动的快速反射镜(FSM)广泛应用于各种精密稳定跟踪系统,FSM的控制精度决定了系统的跟踪精度。但压电驱动器具有严重的迟滞非线性干扰,针对这一缺点,应用自适应径向基RBF神经网络对迟滞干扰进行非线性逼近,并在此基础上结合滑模控制和反演法,设计了自适应反演滑模(ABSM)控制器。仿真实验表明,相对于滑模控制器,ABSM控制器的最大跟踪误差和均方根误差为分别降低了57.26%和52.53%,提高了FSM的控制精度。     

Smooth control of HIV/AIDS infection using a robust adaptive scheme with decoupled sliding mode supervision

In this paper, a robust adaptive controller subject to decoupled sliding mode controller as a supervisory controller has been implemented on the HIV infection dynamic model. A five-state dynamic model of HIV is utilized which the measurement of the CD4+T cells and the viral load counts are necessary to estimate all its parameters. Decoupled sliding mode control is a variable structure controller having significant and appropriate features, such as best tracking and regulation performance and robustness and elevate the performance of the controller. Generally, due to the importance of applied treatment strategy to mitigate viral escape, sliding mode control is utilized in accordance with PI control to deliver necessary control inputs. To achieve the least possible chattering, effectual methods such as the transfer function is used. To update the gains of PI control, an adaptation law is then employed. The results demonstrate the suitable performance of the controller via providing proper tracking performance, and also, elimination of the chattering problem and decrease the time of treatment. The number of infected CD4+ T-cells and the number of free virus particles can be controlled in less than five days. The proposed controller is capable of controlling the dynamic behavior of the virus concentration for different patients with the same control scheme.     

基于文化遗传算法的水浴温度模糊控制器设计

水浴温度控制普遍存在滞后、超调、波动性大等特点,且难以建立精确的数学模型,一般采用模糊控制器实现对水浴温度的控制,但模糊控制规则具有较强的主观性,其控制性能往往达不到客观要求。研究遗传算法在模糊控制规则寻优上的应用,将其和文化算法相结合,构成一种具有双层协同进化机制的文化遗传算法,采用专家经验的知识信息构成信仰空间作为指导方向,然后在群体空间中进行遗传算法操作,选取群体中适应度值较高的个体更新信仰空间,再通过迭代优化,得到适应度值高的个体,将其作为优化的模糊控制规则。仿真实验表明,优化后的规则在控制过程中的动态温度跟踪和稳态误差方面均具有较好的效果。     

Geometry of magnetic rotational (MR) band-crossing phenomenon in MR bands

In this paper, an adaptive backstepping controller has been tuned to synchronise two chaotic Colpitts oscillators in a master–slave configuration. The parameters of the controller are determined using shark smell optimisation (SSO) algorithm. Numerical results are presented and compared with those of particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm. Simulation results show better performance in terms of accuracy and convergence for the proposed optimised method compared to PSO optimised controller or any non-optimised backstepping controller.     

无人船安全目标追踪与自动避障算法

设计了无人船安全目标追踪算法和双回路追踪以及自动避障控制策略,内回路是控制无人船安全目标追踪并与目标保持一定安全距离,通过Lyapunov函数证明了该控制算法的渐近稳定性。外回路是无人船在安全距离内发现障碍,将目标点虚拟化,运用模糊控制原理,实现自动避障。优化传统的Dijkstra算法,设计了无人船实时最短路径算法。仿真结果表明,提出的综合算法能够实现无人船以合理速度通过最短距离,兼顾了时间效率,并能顺利避障。     

抑制光束抖动的压电倾斜镜高带宽控制

提出了一种抑制光束平台抖动和压电倾斜镜机械谐振的方法从而提高系统校正带宽和跟瞄精度.通过分析双二阶滤波器参数对频率特性的影响,提出了一种双二阶滤波器的设计方法,并把这种设计方法结合比例积分(PI)控制算法用于抑制光束平台抖动和压电倾斜镜机械谐振.最后,对经典PI控制算法和增加了双二阶滤波器的PI控制算法进行了实验比较,在相同的条件下,增加了双二阶滤波器的PI控制带宽比经典PI控制带宽提高了近1倍,对平台抖动控制精度提高了5倍以上.实验结果表明:增加了双二阶滤波器的PI控制算法对抑制光束平台抖动和压电倾斜镜机械谐振简单有效,可以提高系统校正带宽和跟瞄精度.