基于WIFI的农业物联网温室大棚环境监测系统的设计

针对现代农业温室大棚环境监测中存在的问题,设计了基于WIFI技术的农业物联网温室大棚环境监测系统。该系统由监控中心、WIFI基站、环境采集节点与视频监控构成。环境采集节点以STM32F作为主控器,采集温室大棚内光照度、环境温湿度、土壤温湿度等信息;视频监控采用有线与无线结合的方式;所得环境数据通过WIFI无线网络及光纤传回监控中心。设计了基于B/S架构的上位软件和基于C/S架构的移动终端环境监测软件来实现环境的监测与控制的下达。现场应用结果表明,所设计的环境监测系统网络结构简单、可靠性强、性能稳定。     

基于ZigBee的温室环境无线测控系统

为了实现温室大棚环境的无线、远程实时监控,提出了一种以CC2430芯片为核心的ZigBee温室环境无线测控系统。描述了终端节点、路由节点和协调器节点的硬件组成和软件流程,并应用改进的Cluster-Tree路由算法组成ZigBee无线传感网络,实现数据的无线传输。利用串口通信技术实现无线传感网络与Yeelink物联网平台的通信,管理者可远程登陆Yeelink平台和手机APP查看温室环境信息以及控制节点状态。经实验测试,大棚内无线节点间的通信距离约80米,并且实现了光强、空气温湿度及土壤湿度的监控。测试表明系统构建简单,稳定可靠,为智能农业的设计提供了参考。     

基于ZigBee的稀土矿山生产监控系统

针对目前稀土矿山开采中的不足,设计了基于ZigBee技术的稀土矿山生产实时监控系统,利用ZigBee无线传感器网络实现了对注液管道内液面高度信息的实时采集、传输和控制。硬件上,在监控节点中增加TI的CC2591射频前端扩大网络覆盖范围,采用TPS73033电源模块解决了大功率节点的供电,并选用MC35模块支持系统的GSM移动通信短信业务;软件上,设计了方便简洁的后台控制软件,方便用户操作。通过在高度为98米,最大直径为297米的实际矿山中的实验结果表明,系统通信距离可达400米,响应时间小于20 s,监控节点可连续无间断工作6个月,系统能较好地应用于工程实践中。     

基于ZigBee的环境参数远程无线监控系统设计

针对室内环境参数的远程监控问题,提出一种基于ZigBee技术与手机进行实时数据交换的远程无线监控系统。传感器节点采集环境中的温湿度、光强和烟雾浓度数据,通过ZigBee无线网络将数据传输到中心协调器;协调器与WIFI模块通过串口连接,将数据发送到互联网;另外,设计Android手机软件对监测数据进行获取,并发出对参数进行调节的指令,从而完成远程的无线监控任务。经过测试,通过手机可以在任何有网络的地方实时对环境参数进行采集和控制,且各节点性能稳定,满足长期监测的需求。     

基于GSM和LabVIEW的温室大棚远程监控系统

为了实现智慧农业,设计了基于GSM和LabVIEW的温室大棚远程监控系统,系统以MSP430F149为处理器,通过放大电路及滤波电路对土壤湿度传感器、土壤PH值等微弱信号进行放大、滤波,实现对可移动天窗、遮阳系统、保温、喷滴灌系统进行实时自动调节、检测,创造植物生长的最佳环境指标,同时将测试结果利用GSM模块传到农户手机上,并通过串口实时远程传输给LabVIEW上位机显示。系统运行稳定,可靠性好、扩展性好,人机界面良好,具有广泛的市场应用前景。     

工业管道系统流致疲劳寿命的数值模拟

鉴于目前对整个管道系统的疲劳分析和相应数值模拟比较缺乏,基于ANSYS软件,利用Workbench和nCode DesignLife完成了管道系统从建模到流固耦合再到疲劳分析的完整模拟计算过程,得到了一般高压工业输水管道系统在正常流速及管内高压工况下的模拟计算结果,探究了入口速度和随机激振力作用下管道系统和各组件的疲劳响应。结果表明:对于实际运用的工业高压管道,需要对各部分管内流速进行监控,保证其处于合理可控范围;管道系统内的连接部是发生疲劳失效的重点区域,并且多发生于相贯线处;管道系统有助于增加各法兰管件在极限状态下的疲劳寿命。研究结果可为高压工业管道系统的设计和疲劳失效防护提供指导。     

新一代DCS中智能温度监控系统设计与实现

传统的分布式温度监控方法存在费时费力、不便应用在特殊环境、不便用于多点融合监控等弊端,设计并实现了新一代DCS智能温度监控系统,通过核心为ARM7LPC2292芯片的下位机及时调整全部温控点的温度,自主设置温度、显示实际温度与报警;采用核心为89C51微处理器模块,将上、下位机的信息互相传递,确保上位机随时查询温度信息;通过CC2530终端节点实时采集测温终端的温度数据,将温度数据无线发送给CC2530协调器节点,不在采用传统的中转服务器方式,而是采用协调器节点通过串口与上位机进行通信,并在上位机中进行温度数据的处理和存储。软件设计过程中,对系统监控过程中上位机和下位机间的主从通信方式进行详细分析,并给出了系统温度监控数据通信传输的流程图,分析了系统实现温度监控的数据库访问代码以及温控曲线显示代码的设计。实验结果说明,所设计系统性能好、操作简单、控制准确率高。     

敏感电阻在生物生长培养环境中的应用

基于湿敏、热敏、光敏电阻实现对湿度温度和光照的控制,能适用于温度湿度光照变化范围较大或较为剧烈的环境。利用敏感电阻对环境条件敏感的特性,将环境中的信息转化为模拟信号,通过单片机处理得到环境中湿度、温度以及光照数据。对比设定阈值,设计电路通过固态继电器选择性驱动除/加湿设备和温控光照设备工作。此系统可应用于温室养殖、大棚与实验室培养等场所,为生物提供适宜可控的生长培养环境。     

基于CAN总线的电气火灾远程监控系统

为了解决传统电气火灾监控系统在远距离数据通信时误码率高、总线上可连接的终端节点数量少、传输速率低等问题,设计了一种基于CAN总线及STM32F103单片机的电气火灾远程监控系统。给出了系统的整体框架及其组成,重点阐述了火灾终端监控设备的硬件及软件设计思路,制订了火灾监控设备与上位机的通信协议。系统实现了消防联动设备的工作状态、被监控设备的供电电压、电流,被保护用电设备的剩余电流值,以及用电设备工作的环境温度的实时监测,并通过CAN总线将监测状态实时传输到远端计算机。在实现火灾监控的基础功能上,增加了通过现场总线与现场其它监控设备通信的主机功能。测试结果表明,系统在远距离数据通信时传输速率提高、增加监控节点的情况下,系统间的数据通信误码率非常低。     

基于物联网的设施温室监控系统中无线传感器节点设计

设计具有低成本、低功耗、易扩展的设施温室监控设备,深入研究无线网络构成,优化网络结构、降低组网难度、提高组网效率。采用 MSP430F149为核心的处理器;采用CC2530射频芯片实现无线传输;提供多种协议接口方便传感器的扩展,给出了土壤温湿度、空气温湿度、光照传感器的选型和指标参数;由本设计的无线传感器节点作为WSN中的全功能设备同时充当路由节点,搭建了MESH型的无线传感器网络结构。经测试,通过硬件设计及网络结构搭建,系统具有结构简单、组网快捷、数据传输可靠性高等优点,能较好的满足无线传感器节点在设施温室监控中的应用。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.